Autonomiczna czy kontrolowana? O motywacji pracowników platformowych w systemie pracy na żądanie w Polsce
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.20.1.06Słowa kluczowe:
praca platformowa, teoria autodeterminacji, motywacja do pracyAbstrakt
Praca za pośrednictwem platform na żądanie obok cech pozytywnych, do których zaliczają się np. elastyczność czasu pracy czy łatwość wejścia i wyjścia, wykazuje również cechy negatywne: wysoki poziom niepewności zatrudnienia, niskie i niepewne zarobki czy wpływ algorytmów, których zasad funkcjonowania nie znamy. Mimo tego coraz więcej osób podejmuje takie zajęcie. Wykorzystując teorię autodeterminacji Deciego i Ryana, artykuł odpowiada na pytanie, jakie rodzaje motywacji – motywacja autonomiczna czy kontrolowana – wyjaśniają podejmowanie pracy platformowej typu offline. Badania przeprowadzone wśród kurierów i kierowców pracujących za pośrednictwem aplikacji w Polsce pokazują, że w tym przypadku mamy do czynienia z obydwoma rodzajami motywacji. Jednak motywacja autonomiczna przeważa nad kontrolowaną, czego przejawem jest zaspokajanie potrzeb autonomii, kompetencji oraz więzi z innymi poprzez wykonywanie pracy platformowej.
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