A Community in Quarantine: The Social Worlds of Alternative Theater During the Pandemic

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.17.3.03

Keywords:

sociology of theater, alternative theater, independent theater, social worlds of theater, COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

The article describes the functioning of alternative theater community during the COVID-19 pandemic. The theoretical framework of analysis is determined by the social worlds theory, allowing us to capture the processual nature of reconstructing the social world of alternative theater in the era of COVID-19. We explore the ways in which independent theater is coping with the threat to its practice, understood as a tool for building a community “here and now,” i.e. its main technology, values, and the primary activity that organizes communication within the social worlds of alternative theater. We take into account changes brought on by the pandemic (the inability to build relationships via direct interaction with audience members/participants) and the constant, everyday experiences of people working in alternative theater (their ability to function in a crisis). Our analysis is based on empirical data collected in the course of socio-anthropological studies into: (1) the working conditions of Polish theater workers during the pandemic, carried out by the Zbigniew Raszewski Theater Institute in Warsaw; and (2) the modus operandi of the Węgajty Theater from the perspective of its participants’ experiences.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Katarzyna Kalinowska, Educational Research Institute, Poland

Katarzyna Kalinowska, PhD, sociologist. She works as an assistant professor at the Educational Research Institute in Warsaw. Author of the monograph titled Flirt and Pickup Practices: A Study in the Microsociology of Emotions. Her research interests include the sociology of emotions and love, qualitative research methodology, research ethics, and the anthropology of school and youth. She also researches theater education and theater pedagogy in Poland.

Katarzyna Kułakowska, Institute of Art, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

Katarzyna Kułakowska, PhD, cultural scientist, cultural anthropologist, social researcher. Currently works as an assistant professor at the Institute of Art at the Polish Academy of Sciences, where she studies the working method of the Węgajty Theater on the basis of the experiences of its participants. She has published two monographs: Gender City: The Lover’s Discourse of Maria Peszek (Warsaw 2010) and Jestresses: The Women of Polish Theatrical Counterculture (Warsaw 2017). Her research interests include the specificity of female experience in the Polish theater; gender, body, and sexuality. She is working on expanding Polish theater studies with feminist perspective.

Maria Babicka, Institute of Applied Social Sciences, University of Warsaw, Poland

Maria Babicka, MA, graduate of sociology and social anthropology, theater pedagogue, PhD student and member of the Department of Culture Research Methods in the Institute of Applied Social Sciences, University of Warsaw. She works in the Department of Theater Pedagogy at the Zbigniew Raszewski Theater Institute. Her research interests include amateur theater, theater education in Poland, and family educational practices of participating in theater life. She is a member of the Theatre Pedagogues’ Association.

Michał Bargielski

Michał Bargielski, MA, sociologist, independent researcher. Specializes in public policy evaluation research and cultural animation. Currently working on the role of cultural and artistic projects in the development of local societies.

References

Barba, Eugenio. 1979. The Floating Islands. Reflection with Odin Teatret. Edited by F. Taviani. Holstebro: Thomsens Bogtrykkeri.
Google Scholar

Becker, Howard S. 1982. Art Worlds. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Google Scholar

Braun, Virginia et al. 2020. “The online survey as a qualitative research tool.” International Journal of Social Research Methodology. DOI: 10.1080/13645579.2020.1805550.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2020.1805550

Buchwald, Dorota. 2019. “Statystyka.” Pp. XXVIII-LV in Teatr w Polsce. Dokumentacja sezonu 2017/2018, 2019, edited by Dorota Buchwald et al. Warsaw: Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego.
Google Scholar

Charmaz, Kathy. 2006. Grounded Theory. A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. London: Sage Publication.
Google Scholar

Clarke, Adele E. 1991. “Social Worlds/Arenas Theory as Organizational Theory.” Pp. 119-158 in Social Organization and Social Process. Essays in Honor of Anselm Strauss, edited by D. R. Maines. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Google Scholar

Cressey, Paul G. [1932] 2008. The Taxi-Dance Hall. A Sociological Study in Commercialized Recreation and City Life, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226120546.001.0001

Drozdowski, Rafał et al. 2020. Życie codzienne w czasach pandemii. Raport z drugiego etapu badań. Poznań: Uniwersytet Adama Mickiewicza. Retrieved September 08, 2020 https://issuu.com/wydzialsocjologiiuam/docs/z_ycie_codzienne_w_czasach_pandemii_8a63943c6eb314
Google Scholar

Dziewulska, Małgorzata. 1994. “Dlaczego.” Teatr 12(939):35.
Google Scholar

Gołaczyńska, Małgorzata. 2002. Mozaika współczesności. Teatr alternatywny w Polsce po roku 1989. Wroclaw: Wyd. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
Google Scholar

Gramont, Edward. 1998. “Pesymizm alternatywy.” Pp. 131-139 in Koniec teatru alternatywnego?, edited by D. Kalinowski. Slupsk: Katedra Filologii Polskiej WSP w Słupsku.
Google Scholar

Grotowski, Jerzy. 2012. Teksty zebrane. Edited by A. Adamiecka-Sitek et al. Warsaw, Wroclaw: KP, Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego, Instytut im. Jerzego Grotowskiego.
Google Scholar

Hammersley, Martyn and Paul Atkinson. 1995. Ethnography. Principles in practice. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar

Heidegger, Martin. 1962. Being and Time. Translated by J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson. Oxford, Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.
Google Scholar

Jawłowska, Aldona. 1975. Drogi kontrkultury. Warszawa: PIW.
Google Scholar

Jawłowska, Aldona. 1981. “Skrót wypowiedzi wygłoszonej podczas poznańskiego sympozjum Aktor, 3-5 kwietnia 1981.” Biuletyn Konfrontacji Młodego Teatru 4:10-12.
Google Scholar

Jawłowska, Aldona. 1988. Więcej niż teatr. Warsaw: PIW.
Google Scholar

Kacperczyk, Anna. 2016. Społeczne światy. Teoria – empiria – metody badań na przykładzie świata wspinaczki. Lodz: Wyd. Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/7969-714-4

Kaufmann, Jean-Claud. 2007. L’Entretien compréhensif. Paris: Armand Colin.
Google Scholar

Kłossowicz, Jan. 1987. “Alternatywa.” Literatura 2:67.
Google Scholar

Kolankiewicz, Leszek. 2002. “Kultura czynna. Prahistoria animacji.” Pp. 27-55 inAnimacja kultury. Doświadczenie i przyszłość, edited by G. Godlewski et al. Warsaw: Instytut Kultury Polskiej UW.
Google Scholar

Konecki, Krzysztof T. 2000. Studia z metodologii badań jakościowych. Teoria ugruntowana. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Google Scholar

Kornaś, Tadeusz. 1999. “Wszystko się wymieszało.” Scena 4-5:10-11.
Google Scholar

Kornaś, Tadeusz. 2007. Between Anthropology and Politics. Two Strands of Polish Alternative Theatre. Warsaw: Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego.
Google Scholar

Kornaś, Tadeusz. 2010. “Inny teatr. Alternatywne historie.” Pp. 61-88 in Kultura niezależna w Polsce 1989–2009, edited by P. Marecki. Cracow: Korporacja ha!art.
Google Scholar

Kosiński, Dariusz. 2010. Teatra polskie. Historie. Warsaw: Instytut Teatralny im. Zbigniewa Raszewskiego, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Google Scholar

Kozinets, Robert V. 2010. Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington, Boston: SAGE Publications.
Google Scholar

Kubikowski, Tomasz. 2000. “Teatr alternatywny.” Pp. 227-248 in Encyklopedia Kultury Polskiej XX Wieku. Tom: Teatr – widowisko, edited by M. Fik. Warsaw: Instytut Kultury Polskiej UW.
Google Scholar

Kułakowska, Katarzyna et al. 2020. “Individual and Community Crises in a Pandemic: The Social Theater of Ambulatory Care.” Pamiętnik Teatralny 69(4):63-84.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.36744/pt.455

Lofland, John and Lyn Loffland. 1995. Analyzing Social Settings. A Guide to Qualitative Observation and Analysis. Belmont, California: Wadsworth..
Google Scholar

Lupton, Deborah, ed. 2020. Doing fieldwork in a pandemic (crowd-sourced document). Retrieved May 09, 2021 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1clGjGABB2h2qbduTgfqribHmog9B6P0NvMgVuiHZCl8/edit?ts=5e88ae0a
Google Scholar

Marecki, Piotr. 2010. “Raport z dziejów entuzjazmu w Polsce po 1989 roku. Bardzo krótkie wprowadzenie.” Pp. 4-6 in Kultura niezależna w Polsce 1989-2009, edited by P. Marecki, Cracow: Korporacja Ha!art.
Google Scholar

Mogilnicka, Krystyna. 2020. Covid-19 i teatr na świecie. Retrieved September 08, 2020 https://e-teatr.pl/covid-19-i-teatr-na-swiecie-a285465
Google Scholar

Nyczek, Tadeusz. 1980. Pełnym głosem. Teatr studencki w Polsce 1970-1975. Cracow: Wyd. Literackie.
Google Scholar

Nyczek, Tadeusz. 2001. “Alternatywny.” Teatr 4:55-60.
Google Scholar

Ostrowska, Joanna and Juliusz Tyszka. 2008. Szkice o teatrze alternatywnym. Poznan: Wyd. Naukowe UAM.
Google Scholar

Puzyna, Konstanty. 1974. “Rola społeczna teatrów studenckich.” Pp. 168-173 in Syntezy za trzy grosze, edited by K. Puzyna. Warsaw: PIW.
Google Scholar

Raczak, Lech. 2004. “O tęsknocie w czasach monologu.” Pp. 59-64 in Teatr – przestrzeń dialogu. Wokół granic konwencji i technik teatralnych, edited by J. Ostrowska, J. Tyszka, and A. Skórzyńska. Szczecin: Festiwal Kontrapunkt, Studio 69.
Google Scholar

Semil, Małgorzata and Elżbieta Wysińska. 1980. Słownik współczesnego teatru. Warsaw: Wyd. Artystyczne i Filmowe.
Google Scholar

Strauss, Anselm L. 1978. “A Social Worlds Perspective.” Pp. 119-128 in Studies in Symbolic Interaction, edited by N. Denzin. Greenwich: JAI Press.
Google Scholar

Szpakowska, Małgorzata. 1983. “Czy istotnie kontrkultura?” Pp. 279- 292 in O kulturze i znachorach. Cracow, Wroclaw: Wyd. Literackie.
Google Scholar

Touraine, Alain. 1985. “An Introduction to the Study of Social Movements.” Social Research” 52(4):749-787.
Google Scholar

Watson, Ian. 1993. Towards a Third Theatre. Eugenio Barba and The Odin Teatret. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar

Wyka, Anna. 1990. “Alternatywny światopogląd i praktyka społeczna (z doświadczeń zachodnich).” Pp. 47-80 in Spontaniczna kultura młodzieżowa, edited by J. Wertenstein-Żuławski and M. Pęczak. Wroclaw: Wyd. Wiedza o Kulturze.
Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2021-08-31

How to Cite

Kalinowska, K., Kułakowska, K., Babicka, M., & Bargielski, M. (2021). A Community in Quarantine: The Social Worlds of Alternative Theater During the Pandemic. Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej, 17(3), 50–74. https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.17.3.03