Waga subiektywnie konstruowanego znaczenia: integracja widziana z perspektywy imigrantów
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.11.3.07Słowa kluczowe:
subiektywne znaczenie, integracja, migracja, doświadczenia biograficzne, autobiograficzne wywiady narracyjneAbstrakt
W dyskursie politycznym, podobnie jak w naukach społecznych, termin integracja występuje zazwyczaj w kontekście migracji. Na bazie „obiektywnych” wskaźników i analizy statystycznej dokonuje się pomiaru i oceny poziomu integracji jako „niskiego” lub “wysokiego”, „wystarczającego” bądź nie. Dominuje na tym polu perspektywa krajów przyjmujących, pomijająca nierzadko punkt widzenia imigrantów. Aby przezwyciężyć jednostronność tej dominującej perspektywy, postanowiliśmy zapytać samych imigrantów, czym jest dla nich integracja. Analiza wywiadów narracyjnych przeprowadzonych z osobami pochodzącymi z Ukrainy, Sri Lanki i Senegalu, mieszkającymi od lat w południowych Włoszech, pokazała nam, że integracja dla nich jest bardziej związana z pojęciem „dobrego życia” niż z pragnieniem stania się „jednym z nas”. Podejście naszych narratorów do integracji jest pragmatyczne, ponieważ jest ono skierowane przede wszystkim na realizację ich projektów życiowych. Z narracji naszych rozmówców wyłania się obraz integracji jako akceptacji i satysfakcji, jednakże bez aspiracji do równości, uczestnictwa i pełnych praw politycznych i społecznych, co oznacza, że polityka integracyjna musi być dużo bardziej aktywna.
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