The Impact of Remittances on Poverty Alleviation in Selected Emerging Markets

Kunofiwa Tsaurai

doi:10.2478/cer-2018-0011

Autor

Kunofiwa Tsaurai Associate Professor at the University of South Africa, Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, Pretoria, South Africa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/cer-2018-0011

Słowa kluczowe:

przekazy pieniężne, ubóstwo, rynki wschodzące, analiza danych panelowych

Abstrakt

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy wpływu przekazów pieniężnych na poziom ubóstwa na wybranych rynkach wschodzących. W rozważaniach teoretycznych zwolennicy optymistycznego podejścia uważają, że napływ środków pieniężnych do kraju eksportującego pracę zmniejsza ubóstwo, podczas gdy zwolennicy podejścia pesymistycznego twierdzą, że syndrom uzależnienia od przekazów pieniężnych ogranicza zarówno wzrost gospodarczy, jak i dochód per capita. Przy zastosowaniu dwóch miar ubóstwa [wskaźnik ubóstwa na poziomie 1,90 USD i 3,10 USD dziennie (% populacji)] jako zmiennych zależnych, podejście oparte na stałych efektach dało wyniki potwierdzające tezę, iż przekazy pieniężne prowadzą do ograniczenia ubóstwa (potwierdzenie hipotezy optymistycznej), podczas gdy przy użyciu metody pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) wykazano, że napływ środków w postaci przekazów pieniężnych na wybrane rynki wschodzące doprowadził do wzrostu poziomu ubóstwa. Z powyższych ustaleń wnika wniosek, że rynki wschodzące powinny wprowadzić politykę przyciągania przekazów migracyjnych w celu zmniejszenia poziomu ubóstwa. Powinny unikać natomiast nadmiernego polegania na przekazach pieniężnych, ponieważ może to opóźnić wzrost gospodarczy i ograniczyć dochód per capita.

Pobrania

Brak dostępnych danych do wyświetlenia.

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