Mining, Poverty, and Income Inequality in Central and Eastern European Countries: What Do the Data Tell Us?

Kunofiwa Tsaurai

doi:10.18778/1508-2008.24.19

Autor

Kunofiwa Tsaurai Ph.D., Full Professor at the University of South Africa, Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking, Pretoria, South Africa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-1181

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.24.19

Słowa kluczowe:

górnictwo, ubóstwo, nierówności dochodowe, dane panelowe, kraje Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej

Abstrakt

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badania wpływu górnictwa zarówno na ubóstwo, jak i na nierówności dochodowe w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, przy użyciu metod estymacji ekonometrycznej z wykorzystaniem danych panelowych z lat 2009–2019. Drugim celem tego artykułu było ustalenie, czy komplementarność górnictwa i rozwoju infrastruktury zmniejsza ubóstwo lub nierówności dochodowe w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Impulsem do podjęcia badań był brak w istniejącej literaturze przedmiotu wspólnego stanowiska w kwestii wpływu górnictwa na ubóstwo i nierówności dochodowe. Istniejąca literatura na ten temat jest sprzeczna, niejednoznaczna i rozbieżna, dlatego też otwiera drogę do dalszych badań empirycznych. Badanie potwierdziło, że błędne koło ubóstwa występuje w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Zgodnie z dynamicznymi uogólnionymi metodami momentów (GMM), górnictwo miało znaczący wpływ na redukcję ubóstwa w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Dynamiczna metoda momentów GMM i efektów losowych ujawniły, że komplementarność górnictwa i rozwoju infrastruktury również przyczyniła się do zmniejszenia ubóstwa w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Metoda efektów losowych i metoda pooled OLS pokazują, że górnictwo znacząco zmniejszyło nierówności dochodowe w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Jednak wyniki uzyskane przy zastosowaniu metody efektów losowych i dynamicznej metody GMM wskazują, że nierówności dochodowe zostały znacznie zmniejszone dzięki komplementarności górnictwa i rozwoju infrastruktury. W związku z tym zachęca się władze krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej do wdrażania polityk ukierunkowanych na rozwój górnictwa i rozwój infrastruktury, aby skutecznie walczyć z podwójnymi wyzwaniami związanymi z ubóstwem i nierównościami dochodowymi.

Pobrania

Brak dostępnych danych do wyświetlenia.

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