Przestrzeń pozasceniczna w „Fenicjankach” eurypidesa i jej funkcja dramaturgiczna
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-0319.28.03Słowa kluczowe:
tragedia grecka, Fenicjanki, Eurypides, przestrzeń pozascenicznaAbstrakt
Euripides’ The Phoenician Women belongs to the category of tragedies in which the offstage space – that is, events occurring beyond the immediate visual perception of the audience – plays a significant role. These events are crucial not only for the development of the drama but also for the poetic vision conveyed by the author through them. In depicting actions that, due to their nature, could not be shown ad oculos to the spectators, Euripides employs messengers’ speeches and dialogues among the dramatis personae, thereby drawing upon the audience’s imaginative faculty and utilizing the commentary layer of the drama. Thus, the spectator participates in the expansion of the tragic stage space, conjuring in the mind’s eye poetic images of the offstage world. Given the rich textual representation of offstage space in The Phoenician Women, the present analysis will focus on two scenes: the teichoscopy (lines 98-201) and the first part of the Messenger’s speech to Jocasta (lines 1090-1138), which alludes to the former.
Bibliografia
Ajschylos. (2015). Tragedie. Przeł. R.R. Chodkowski. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Apollodorus (1921). The Library. J.G. Frazer (ed.). Vol. 1–2. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann Ltd.
Bain, D. (1977). The Prologues of Euripides Iphigenia in Aulis. CQ 27. 10–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0009838800024071
Chodkowski, R.R. (1975). Funkcja obrazów scenicznych w tragediach Ajschylosa. Wrocław: Ossolineum
Chodkowski, R.R. (1994). Ajschylos i jego tragedie. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Chodkowski, R.R. (2015). Wstęp. W: Ajschylos, Tragedie. T. 1. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL. 151–161.
Conacher, D.J. (1967). Euripidean Drama. Myth, Theme and Structure. London: Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442653047
Czerwińska J. (2013). Innowacje mitologiczne i dramaturgiczne Eurypidesa. Tragedia. Tragikomedia. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Diller, H. (1967). Menschendarstellung und Handlungsführung bei Sophokles. In: H. Diller (ed.). Sophokles. Wege der Forschung 95. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. 190–211.
Diller, H. (ed.). (1967). Sophokles. Wege der Forschung 95. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Diller, H., Schadewaldt, W., Lesky, A. (1963). Gottheit und Mensch in der Tragödie des Sophokles. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Erbse, H. (1984). Studien zum Prolog der euripideischen Tragödie. Berlin: Verlag de Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110849509
Euripides. (1960). Fabulae. G. Murray (ed.). Vol. 3. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Eurypides. (1972). Tragedie. T. 2. Przeł. J. Łanowski. Warszawa: PIW.
Eurypides. (1980). Tragedie. T. 3. Przeł. J. Łanowski. Warszawa: PIW.
Euripides. (1994). Phoenissae. D.J. Mastronarde (ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Eurypides. (2018). Tragedie. T. 2. Przeł. R.R. Chodkowski. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Falkner, T. (2002). Scholars versus Actors: Text and Performance in the Greek Tragic Scholia. In: P. Easterling, E. Hall (eds.). Greek and Roman Actors: Aspects of an Ancient Profession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 342–361. https://edithhall.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/greek-and-roman-actors.pdf [3.02.2025].
Fraenkel, E. (1963). Zu den Phoenissen des Euripides. München: Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Friedrich, W.H. (1967). Vorbild und Neugestaltung: Sechs Kapitel zur Geschichte der Tragödie. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Gurd, S.A. (2005). Iphigenias at Aulis: Textual Multiplicity. Radical Philology. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501725388
Hamilton, R. (1974). Objective Evidence for Actors’ Interpolations in Greek Tragedy. Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 15. 387–402.
Homer. (1999). Iliada. Przeł. K. Jeżewska. Warszawa: Prószyński i S-ka.
Homerus. (1920). Ilias. D.B. Munro, T.W. Allen (eds.). Vol. 1–2. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Howald, E. (1930). Die griechische Tragödie. München: Oldenbourg. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783486763010
Hutchinson, G.O. (1985). Aeschylus: Septem contra Thebas. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hyginus. (2002). Fabulae. P.M. Marshall (ed.). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110975512
Kitto, H.D.F. (1997). Tragedia grecka. Studium literackie. Przeł. J. Margański. Bydgoszcz: Homini.
Кnох, В.М.W. (1972). Euripides’ Iphigenia in Aulide 1-164 (in that order). YCS 22. 239–261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511933776.014
Kovacs, D. (2003). Toward a Reconstruction of Iphigenia Aulidensis. JHS 123. 77–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3246261
Kovacs, G. (2014). Actors’ Interpolations. In: The Encyclopedia of Greek Tragedy. Vol. 1. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. 7–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118351222.wbegt0080
Lesky, A. (2006). Tragedia grecka. Przeł. M. Weiner. Kraków: Homini.
Mastronarde, D.J. (ed.). (1994). Euripides: Phoenissae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mastronarde, D.J. (ed.). (2020). Euripides Scholia. An Open-Access Online Edition: https://euripidesscholia.org/Edition/OrestesScholia_all.html [17.04.2024].
Mastronarde, D.J., Bremer, J.M. (1982). The textual tradition of Euripides’ Phoinissai. (University of California Publications, Classical Studies, 27) Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press.
Melchinger, S. (1980). Die Welt als Tragödie. Euripides. Vol. 2. München: Beck.
Michelini, A.N. (2009). The ‘Packed-full’ Drama in Euripides: Phoenissae. In: J.R.C. Cousland, J.R. Hume (eds.). The Play of Texts and Fragments: Essays in Honour of Martin Cropp. Laiden: Brill. 169–182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004174733.i-580.31
Page, D.L. (1934). Actors’ Interpolations in Greek Tragedy. Studied with Special Reference to Euripides Iphigenia in Aulis. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Page, D.L. (1943). Actors’ Interpolations in Greek Tragedy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Papadopoulou, T. (2014). Euripides: Phoenician Women (Φοίνισσαι). In: The Encyclopedia of Greek Tragedy. H.M. Roisman (ed). Vol. 1. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. 453–459. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118351222.wbegt2750
Riemschnaider, W. (1940). Held und Staat in Euripides Phönissen. Wṻrzburg: Verlag Triltsch.
Roisman H.M. (ed.). (2014). The Encyclopedia of Greek Tragedy. Vol. 1. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. Scholia in Euripidem. (1966). E. Schwartz (ed.). Berlin: De Gruyter.
Scodel, R. (2007). Lycurgus and the State Text of Tragedy. In: C. Cooper (ed.), Politics of Orality. Leiden: Brill: 129–154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004145405.i-380.39
Snell, B. (1966). Gesammelte Schriften. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck-Ruprecht.
West, M.L. (1981). Tragica V. BICS 28. 61–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.1981.tb00419.x
Willink, C.W. (1971). The Prologue of Iphigenia at Aulis. CQ 21. 343–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0009838800033498
Wolf, H.F. (1953). Euripides und Diphilos: Zur Dramaturgie der Spätformen. München: Beck.
Wolf, H.F. (1958). Griechische Tragiker: Aischylos, Sophokles, Euripides. München: Winkler Verlag.
Wolf, H.F. (1967). Vorbild und Neugestaltung: Sechs Kapitel zur Geschichte der Tragödie. Gottingae: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Opublikowane
Numer
Dział
Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
Jak cytować
