Żywienie trzody chlewnej w starożytnym Rzymie

Agnieszka Bartnik

doi:10.18778/1506-6541.29.07

Authors

Agnieszka Bartnik University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Humanities, Institute of History

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1506-6541.29.07

Keywords:

pigs, breeding, nutrition, pastures, ancient, Rome

Abstract

Pigs were popular farm animals in ancient Rome. They were bred to obtain meat, fat and as sacrificial animals. The ancients believed that pigs were relatively low maintenance and, therefore, recommended keeping at least a few on the farm. The diet of pigs was similar to wild boars’. The Romans preferred to put pigs to pasture, but at the same time, they emphasized that animals should have access to wetlands, food of animal origin and highly diverse plant food. The works of agronomists note numerous plant species that should be native to the regions intended for pig grazing. In the autumn-winter period, the diet of pigs was supplemented by feeding acorns, leaves, chaff, etc. A separate diet based on barley or roasted wheat was used in the case of sows and piglets. The activities of the breeders were aimed at increasing the milk production of sows and ensuring the healthy development of piglets. The way pigs were fed in ancient Rome indicates the considerable knowledge of the breeders of that time. The preferred diet not only provided nutrient-rich food, but it also helped to keep the animals in good shape.

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