Wykorzystanie koncepcji Acemoglu i Robinsona do oceny Lewiatanów w krajach Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej w długim okresie
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.22Słowa kluczowe:
kraje Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej, koncepcje Acemoglu i Robinsona, typy Lewiatanów, Lewiatan poskromiony, wąski korytarzAbstrakt
Celem artykułu było wykorzystanie następujących pojęć z koncepcji Darona Acemoglu i Jamesa Robinsona: despotyczny, realny, papierowy i poskromiony Lewiatan, do oceny stanu demokracji, siły rządów i mobilizacji społecznej w Europie Środkowo‑Wschodniej w długim okresie. W badaniu uwzględniono: Polskę, Czechy, Słowację (przed 1993 r. Czechosłowację), Węgry, Rumunię i Bułgarię. Na podstawie analizy historycznej wyodrębniono typy Lewiatanów w okresie międzywojennym, w czasach komunizmu i transformacji. W najnowszym okresie (XXI wiek) wykorzystano do tego osiem indeksów demokracji i wolności, które mierzą i oceniają jakość rządzenia, stan instytucji i potencjał kapitału społecznego w sześciu krajach Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej. Sprawdzono przydatność tych indeksów do oceny, czy i kiedy danemu krajowi udało się poskromić Lewiatana.
Pobrania
Bibliografia
Index of Economic Freedom (2008), https://www.heritage.org/index/pdf/2008/index2008_executivesummary.pdf (acccessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
Acemoglu, D., Robinson, J.A. (2012), Why Nations Fail. The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty, Crown Business, New York.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1355/ae29-2j
Acemoglu, D., Robinson, J.A. (2016), Paths to Inclusive Political Institutions, [in:] J. Eloranta, E. Golson, A. Markevich, N. Wolf (eds.), Economic History of Warfare and State Formation, Springer, Singapore, pp. 3–50, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1605-9_1
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1605-9_1
Acemoglu, D., Robinson, J.A. (2019), The Narrow Corridor. States, Societies and the Fate of Liberty, Penguin Random House, London.
Google Scholar
Austin, R.C. (2021), A History of Central Europe. Nations and States Since 1848, Palgrave Macmillan, Toronto, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84543-8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84543-8
Berend, T.I. (1996), Central and Eastern Europe, 1944–1993. Detour from the Periphery to the Periphery, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581748
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581748
Blanchard, O.J., Froot, K.A., Sachs, J.D. (1994), The Transition in Eastern Europe, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226056814.001.0001
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226056814.001.0001
Boia, L. (2001), Romania. Borderland of Europe, Reaktion Books, London.
Google Scholar
Brada, J.C. (1993), The Transformation from Communism to Capitalism: How Far? How Fast?, “Post Soviet Affairs”, 9 (2), pp. 87–110, https://doi.org/10.1080/1060586X.1993.10641361
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1060586X.1993.10641361
Bretter, Z. (2016), The Name of the Game: The Regime of National Collaboration, [in:] Z. Bretter, Z. Vörös, A. Schmidt, A. Bagieńska‑Masiota, Hungary and Poland in Times of Political Transition. Selected Issues, Faculty of Political Science and Journalism Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, pp. 39–55.
Google Scholar
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (n.d.), Global Protest Tracker, https://carnegieendowment.org/publications/interactive/protest-tracker (accessed: 20.12.2021).
Google Scholar
Council of Europe (n.d.), Our member States, https://www.coe.int/en/web/about‑us/our‑member‑states (accessed: 20.12.2021).
Google Scholar
Courtois, S., Werth, N., Panné, J.‑L., Paczkowski, A., Bartošek, K., Margolin. J.‑L. (1999), The Black Book of Communism. Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard University Press, Cambridge–London.
Google Scholar
Crampton, R.J. (2005), A Concise History of Bulgaria, Cambridge University Press, New York, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511996870
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511996870
David, P. (1985), Clio and the Economics of QWERTY, “The American Economic Review”, 75 (2), pp. 332–337.
Google Scholar
Dzionek‑Kozłowska, J., Matera, R. (2015), New Institutional Economics Perspective on Wealth and Poverty of Nations. Concise Review and General Remarks on Acemoglu and Robinson’s Concept, “Scientific Annals of the ‘Alexandru Ioan Cuza’ University of Iasi: Economic Sciences”, 62, pp. 11–18.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/aicue-2015-0032
Dzionek‑Kozłowska, J., Matera, R. (2020), Which Institutions Are Really Needed to Reach Wealth? A Clarification of Acemoglu and Robinson’s Concept, “Historyka. Studia Metodologiczne”, 50, pp. 377–395.
Google Scholar
Dzionek‑Kozłowska, J., Matera, R. (2021), Institutions without Culture: On Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson’s Theory of Economic Development, “Journal of Economic Issues”, 55 (3), pp. 656–676, https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2021.1945885
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2021.1945885
Eckstein, H., Gurr, R.T. (1975), Patterns of Authority: A Structural Basis for Political Inquiry, Wiley, New York.
Google Scholar
EUR‑Lex (2007), Rozszerzenie 2004: podjęte wyzwanie – UE 25, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/PL/TXT/?uri=LEGISSUM%3Ae50017 (accessed: 20.12.2021).
Google Scholar
Fragile States Index (2020), Global Data (2020), https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiw-fqsja_4AhWKz4sKHSWaBsYQFnoECAUQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2021-02%2FCountry_and_Territory_Ratings_and_Statuses_FIW1973-2021.xlsx&usg=AOvVaw0WHvGBxSi7UckPWBYiAN1E (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Freedom House (n.d.), Countries and Territories, https://freedomhouse.org/countries/nations‑transit/scores (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Freedom House (n.d.), https://freedomhouse.org (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Henry, M. (2014), From Communism to Capitalism. Theory of Catastrophe, Bloomsbury Publishing, London–New York.
Google Scholar
Hitchins, K. (2014), A Concise History of Romania, Cambridge University Press, New York, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139033954
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139033954
Hobbes, T. (2020), Leviathan, Mint Editions, West Margin Press, Berkeley.
Google Scholar
Ilonszki, G., Dudzińska, A. (2021), Opposition behaviour against the Third Wave of Autocratization: Hungary and Poland Compared, “European Political Science”, 20, pp. 603–616, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-021-00325‑x
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-021-00325-x
Janos, A.C. (1982), The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary, 1825–1945, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
Google Scholar
Judson, P.M. (2016), The Habsburg Empire. A New History, The Belknap, Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674969346
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674969346
Kaczmarczyk‑Kłak, K. (2018), System rządów w Polsce w latach 1918–1922, „Studia Prawnicze KUL”, 1 (73), pp. 57–80, https://doi.org/10.31743/sp.633
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31743/sp.633
Kalecki, M. (1993), Collected Works, vol. IV, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Google Scholar
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., Mastruzzi, M. (2009), Governance Matters VIII . Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators 1996–2008, “Policy Research Working Paper”, No. 4978, World Bank, https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4978
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4978
Kopeček, M. (2019), Czechoslovak Interwar Democracy and Its Critical Introspections, “Journal of Modern European History”, 17 (1), pp. 7–15, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1611894418820217 (accessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1611894418820217
Kornai, J. (1992), The Socialist System. The Political Economy of Communism, Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press, New York, https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691228020
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691228020
Koryś, P. (2018), Poland from Partitions to EU Accession. A Modern Economic History, 1772–2004, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97126-1
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97126-1
Lange, O. (1962), Problems of Political Economy of Socialism, People’s Publishing House, New Delhi.
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2007), The 2007 Legatum Prosperity Index. A Global Assessment of Wealth and Wellbeing, https://www.prosperity.com/download_file/view_inline/2855 (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2015), The Legatum Prosperity Index, https://www.prosperity.com/download_file/view_inline/2833 (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2016), The Legatum Prosperity Index, https://www.prosperity.com/download_file/view_inline/2884 (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2017), The Legatum Prosperity Index, https://li.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/pdf55f152ff15736886a8b2ff00001f4427.pdf (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2018), 2018 Legatum Prosperity Index,https://li.com/reports/2018-legatum-prosperity-index/ (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2019), 2019 Legatum Prosperity Index, https://li.com/reports/2019‑legatum‑prosperity‑index/ (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Legatum Institute for Global Development (2020), The Legatum Prosperity Index. A tool for transformation, https://docs.prosperity.com/2916/0568/0539/The_Legatum_Prosperity_Index_2020.pdf (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Maerz, S.F., Luhrmann, A., Hellmeier, S., Grahn, S., Lindberg, S.I. (2020), State of the World 2019: Autocratization Surges – Resistance Grows, “Democratization”, 27 (6), pp. 909–927, https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2020.1758670
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2020.1758670
McElroy, B. (2021), Book Review: The narrow corridor: States, societies, and the fate of liberty, Acemoglu, Daron and Robinson, James A., Penguin, New York, NY 2020. 576 pp. $20.00 (paper), “Governance. An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions”, 34 (2), pp. 592–594, https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12585
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12585
Miller, T., Kim, A.B. (2015), 2015 Index of Economic Freedom. Promoting Economic Opportunity and Prosperity, The Heritage Foundation, https://www.heritage.org/index/pdf/2015/book/highlights.pdf (acccessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
Miller, T., Kim, A.B., Roberts, J.M., Tyrrell, P. (2020), Highlights of the 2020 Index of Economic Freedom, The Heritage Foundation, https://www.heritage.org/index/pdf/2020/book/2020_IndexofEconomicFreedom_Highlights.pdf (acccessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
Molnar, M. (2001), Concise History of Hungary, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Google Scholar
NATO (2022), Member countries, https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_52044.htm (accessed: 15.04.2022).
Google Scholar
North, D.C., Wallis, J.J., Weingast, B.R. (2009), Violence and Social Orders. A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511575839
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511575839
Pacześniak, A. (2014), Promocja demokracji i praworządności, [in:] A. Florczak, A. Lisowska, (eds.) Organizacje międzynarodowe w działaniu, Agencja Reklamowa OTO, Wrocław, pp. 227–243.
Google Scholar
Petrova, T., Pospieszna, P. (2021), Democracy Promotion in Times of Autocratization: The Case of Poland, 1989–2019, “Post‑Soviet Affairs”, 37 (6), pp. 526–543, https://doi.org/10.1080/1060586X.2021.1975443
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1060586X.2021.1975443
Piątkowski, M. (2018), Europe’s Growth Champion. Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland, Oxford University Press, New York.
Google Scholar
POLVAL1 (n.d.), The Elections to the Polish Parliament (Sejm) 1919–1947, https://web.archive.org/web/20110720181318/http://www.elisanet.fi/daglarsson/dokumentit/polval1.htm#26.1.1919 (accessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Puffert, D.J. (2002), Path Dependence in Spatial Networks: The Standarization of Railway Track Gauge, “Explorations in Economic History”, 39 (3), pp. 282–314, https://doi.org/10.1006/exeh.2002.0786
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/exeh.2002.0786
Ramet, S.P. (ed.) (2020), Interwar East Central Europe, 1918–1941. The Failure of Democracy‑building, the Fate of Minorities, Routledge, New York, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429027222
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429027222
Rummel, R. (1994), Death by Government, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick.
Google Scholar
Sachs, J. (1993), Poland’s Jump to the Market Economy, MIT Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/5430.001.0001
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/5430.001.0001
Schweickert, R., Ahlborn, M., Frank, K., Orosz, Á., Sikulová, I., Szanyi, M. (2013), Large‑Scale Transformation of Socio‑Economic Institutions – Comparative Case Studies on CEECs. Interim Report, “Working Paper”, No. 16, European Commisssion.
Google Scholar
Skodlarski, J. (2012), Historia gospodarcza, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Google Scholar
Szczepański, J., Kalina, P. (2019), The Road to Autocratization? Redefining Democracy in Poland, “Studia Europejskie”, 23 (3), pp. 121–132.
Google Scholar
The Economist Intelligence Unit (2015), Democracy Index 2015. Democracy in an age of anxiety, https://www.yabiladi.com/img/content/EIU‑Democracy‑Index-2015.pdf (accessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
The Economist Intelligence Unit (2020), Democracy Index 2020. In sickness and in health?, https://pages.eiu.com/rs/753-RIQ-438/images/democracy-index-2020.pdf (accessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
The World in 2007. Democracy Index (2007), https://www.economist.com/media/pdf/DEMOCRACY_TABLE_2007_v3.pdf (accessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
V‑Dem Institute (2021), Autocratization Turns Viral. Democray Report 2021, https://www.v-dem.net/static/website/files/dr/dr_2021.pdf (acccessed: 15.06.2022).
Google Scholar
Valentino, B. (2004), Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century, Cornell University Press, Ithaca.
Google Scholar
Vásquez, I., McMahon, F. (2020), The Human Freedom Index 2020. A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom, Cato Institute and the Fraser Institute, Washington–Vancouver, https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/2021-03/human-freedom-index-2020.pdf (accessed: 11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), 1920 Hungarian parliamentary election, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920_Hungarian_parliamentary_election (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), Category: Parliamentary elections in Bulgaria, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Parliamentary_elections_in_Bulgaria (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), Democracy Index, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index (accessed: 15.04.2022).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), Elections in Czechoslovakia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Czechoslovakia (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), Elections in Romania, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Romania (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Wikipedia (n.d.), Wybory parlamentarne w II Rzeczypospolitej, https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_parlamentarne_w_II_Rzeczypospolitej (accessed: 15.01.2022).
Google Scholar
World Justice Project (2015), WJP Rule of Law Index 2015 Report, https://worldjusticeproject.org/our-work/publications/rule-law-index-reports/wjp-rule-law-index-2015-report (accessed: 15.04.2022).
Google Scholar
World Justice Project (2020), World Justice Project Rule of Law Index® 2020, https://worldjusticeproject.org/sites/default/files/documents/WJP-ROLI-2020-Online_0.pdf (acccessed: 15.04.2022).
Google Scholar
Pobrania
Opublikowane
Jak cytować
Numer
Dział
Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
