Slowbalizacja czy deglobalizacja?

Stanisław Swadźba

doi:10.18778/2082-4440.45.01

Authors

Stanisław Swadźba Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Wydział Ekonomii, Katedra Ekonomii https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9006-3595

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.45.01

Keywords:

globalization, the measurement of globalization, slowbalization, deglobalization

Abstract

The main goal of the article is to show the process of globalization, especially the phenomenon of slowbalization and deglobalization in the world economy. Attention was also paid to the future of globalization. The research covered the years 1970–2021. This is basically the entire period of the emergence and development of modern globalization. The KOF Index of Globalization and its sub-indices were used to determine the level of globalization, slowbalization and deglobalization. The analysis covered the world and its regions according to the World Bankʼs division into four groups of countries depending on the level of per capita income and seven regions geographically. The article consists of the following parts: introduction, globalization and its measurement, level of globalization in the world economy in the long term, COVID-19 pandemic and the level of globalization, future of globalization and conclusions.

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