Renesansowy dwór w Górkach Małych koło Tuszyna. Komunikat z badań archeologiczno-architektonicznych Ostatnia konsultacja Prof. Leszka Kajzera

Mariusz Ryszard Rychter; Jarosław Kusiak

doi:10.18778/0208-6034.40.07

Authors

Mariusz Ryszard Rychter Uniwersytet Łódzki, Instytut Archeologii, Pracownia Konserwacji Zabytków Metalowych https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-1167
Jarosław Kusiak Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, Wydział Nauk o Ziemi i Gospodarki Przestrzennej, Pracownia Datowania Termoluminescencyjnego Zakładu Geoekologii i Paleografii

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.40.07

Keywords:

historical archaeology, Górki Małe, manor houses, archaeological and architectural research, thermoluminescence dating

Abstract

This text is dedicated to the memory of Professor Leszek Kajzer. In the first part, I present a profile of the Professor, his role in my professional life, and the influence he had on my interests, which I was able to consolidate thanks to him. I have always been interested in architecture and construction – a field in which the Professor was an expert. It was thanks to him that I participated in many years of research at the archbishop’s palace in Włocławek, as well as at many other sites.

Later, as an independent researcher equipped with the knowledge I had acquired during my studies, I undertook archaeological and architectural research of a manor granary in Górki Małe near Tuszyn. After an initial inspection, I determined that the building dated back to the Renaissance. Moreover, the inspection indicated that the structure was not a granary, but a manor house built of stone and brick. The building was subjected to archaeological investigation. One large excavation was made at the northern elevation, reaching down to the foundation level. A second, much smaller excavation was carried out near the southern elevation – on the suggestion of the Professor, whom I had, of course, invited to the site.

It turned out that the building had a square floor plan, with sides measuring 10–11 metres. Exposure cuts were made in several places, which showed that the structure was homogeneous, and that the only constructional intervention in the manor house was the bricking up of two windows on the ground floor.

Brick samples were also taken for thermoluminescence dating. The analysis was conducted by Dr Jarosław Kusiak of Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin. The results showed that the foundations and walls of the manor house were erected around 1550 ± 30. The vaults were probably constructed later. However, it remains unclear when the windows were bricked up – an event likely marking the moment the building ceased to function as a residence and began to be used as a warehouse.