Eine zweifarbige Statue des Sarapis aus Bosra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.26.07Abstract
The present article deals with an unpublished bichrome statue of an enthroned Sarapis excavated 1999 by a Syrian team of archaeologists in the northern palaestra of the central baths at Bosra. The material, a greyish-blue schist most probably derives from Egyptian quarries and implicates a provenances of the statue from the Nile Delta. The enthroned Sarapis prooves thus to be an imported replica of the famous cult statue created by Bryaxis for the god's main sanctuary at the Rhakotis quarter of Alexandria. The date of the Bosra statue's origin toward the mid 2nd century AD can be deduced by comparison with other bichrome Sarapids, especially with the cult statue of the sanctuary at Lepcis Magna. During the same era during the late Hadrianic-Antoninę reign other Sarapis monuments were distributed in the oriental provinces of the Roman empire. The study of the bichrome Sarapids is concluded by a survey of finds relevant for the Sarapis cult in that area, in large and small scale sculpture as well as the god's occurrence in minor art.
Downloads
References
Abdul-Hak 1951 = Selim und Andrée Abdul-Hak, Catalogue illustré du Département des Antiquités Greco-Romaines au Musée de Damas, Damaskus.
Google Scholar
Aurenhammer 1990 = Maria Aurenhammer, Die Skulpturen von Ephesos. Bildwerke aus Stein. Idealplastik I. Forschungen in Ephesos X, 1, Wien.
Google Scholar
Brünnow, von Domaszcwski 1909 = Rudolph Ernst Brünnow, Alfred von Domaszewski, Die Provincia Arabia III, Strassburg.
Google Scholar
Budde, Nicholls 1964 = Ludwig Budde, Richard Nicholls, A Catalogue of the Greek and Roman Sculpture in the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge, Cambridge.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/581184
Butler 1914 = Howard Crosby Butler, Bosra. In: Publications of the Princeton University Archaeological Expeditions to Syria. Division II: Ancient Architecture in Syria. Section A: Southern Syria. Part 4, Leiden.
Google Scholar
Dentzer, Blanc, Fournet 2005 = Jean-Marie Dentzer, Pierre-Marie Blanc, Thibaud Fournet, Le programme de construction sévérien dans le centre de la ville de Bosra. In: Urbanistik und städtische Kultur in Westasien und Nordafrika unter den Severern. Beitrage zur Table Ronde in Mainz am 3. und 4. Dezember 2004, Hrsg. Detlev Kreikenbom, Karl-Uwe Mahler, Thomas M. Weber, Worms, s. 187-200.
Google Scholar
Dentzer, Fournet, Mukdad 2005 = Jean-Marie Dentzer, Thibaud Fournet, Anas Mukdad, L'exèdre monumentale du grand carrefour de Bosra. In: Aux pays d’Allat. Mélanges offerts à Michał Gawlikowski, Hrsg. Piotr Bieliński. Warschau 2005, s. 53-75.
Google Scholar
Dentzer-Feydy, Vallerin 2006 = Jacqueline Dentzer-Feydy, Michele Vallertin, Bosra – Aux Portes de l’Arabie. Beirut [im Druck].
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/books.ifpo.666
Donderer 2001 = Michael Donderer, Bildhauer in und aus Alexandria. In: Punica – Libyca – Ptolemaica. Festschrift für W. Hus, Hrsg. Klaus Geus/Klaus Zimmermann, Studia Phoenicia XVI = Orienlalia Lovaniensia Analecta 104. Leuven – Paris – Sterling/Verginia, s. 167-183.
Google Scholar
Fischer 1995 = Jutta Fischer. In: Greifswalder Antiken - Ernst Pervice zum Gedächtnis. Ausst.-Kat. des Instituts für Altertumswissenschaften der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitt Greifswald 3.11.1995 – 7.01.1996, Greifswald.
Google Scholar
Friedland 2003 = Elise Friedland, The Roman Marble Statues from the North Hall of the East Baths at Cerasa. In: American Journal of Archaeology 107, s. 413-448.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3764/aja.107.3.413
Gualandi 1975 = Giovanni Gualandi, Una citta carovaniera della Siria meridionale: Bosra romana e la recente esplorazione archeologica nella cattedrale dei Ss. Sergio, Bacco e Leonzio. In: Felix Ravenna 109/110, s. 187-239.
Google Scholar
Hornbostel 1973 = Wilhelm Hornbostel, Sarapis. Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans ľempire Romain, Leiden.
Google Scholar
Karageorghis 1998 = Vassos Karageorghis, Greek Gods and Heros in Ancient Cyprus.
Google Scholar
Karageorghis, Vassilika, Wilson 1998 = Vassos Karageorghis, Eleni Vassilika, Penelope Wilson, The Art of Ancient Cyprus in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, Cambridge – Nikosia.
Google Scholar
Kater-Sibbes 1973 = G. J. F. Kater-Sibbes, Preliminary Catalogue of Sarapis Monuments. Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans ľempire Romain, Leiden.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004295018
Keskil 1963 - S. Keskil, Hatay Hadesi, Türk AD 12 II, s. 88-90.
Google Scholar
Kreikenbom 2005 = Detlev Kreikenbom, Zum Sarapeion in Lepcis Magna. In: Urbanistik und städtische Kultur in Westasien und Nordafrika unter den Severern. Beiträge zur Table Ronde in Mainz am 3. und 4. Dezember 2004, Hrsg. Detlev Kreikenbom, Karl-Uwe Mahler, Thomas M. Weber, Worms, s. 83-99.
Google Scholar
LIMC 1994 = Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae VII, 1, 666-692, s.v. Sarapis (Gisele Clerc/Jean Leclant), Zürich-München.
Google Scholar
Mitten, Doeringer 1968 = David Gordon Mitten, Suzannah F. Doeringer, Master Bronzes from the Classical World. Exhibition Catalogue, Cambridge / Saint Louis Los Angeles, Mainz.
Google Scholar
Meischner 2003 = Jutta Meischner, Die Skulpturen des Hatay Museums von Antakya, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 118, s. 285-384.
Google Scholar
Özgan 1995 = Ramazan Özgan, Hatay Hadesi, Lykia 2, s. 145-159.
Google Scholar
PECS 1976 = The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Hrsg. Richard Stillwell, Princeton, N.J.
Google Scholar
Schmidt 2005 = Stefan Schmidt, Serapis – ein neuer Gott für die Griechen in Ägypten, In: Ägypten – Griechenland – Rom: Abwehr und Berührung. Ausstellungskatalog Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie Frankfurt/M., 26. November 2005 – 26. Februar 2006, Frankfurt/M. – Tübingen, s. 291-304.
Google Scholar
Schneider 1986 = Rolf Michael Schneider, Bunte Barbaren. Orientalenstatuen aus farbigem Marmor in der römischen Repräsentationskunst, Worms.
Google Scholar
Stemmer 1994 = Klaus Stemmer (Hrsg.), Standorte. Kontext und Funktion antiker Skulptur. Ausstellungskatalog Freie Universität Berlin 29. November 1994 – 4. Juni 1997, Berlin.
Google Scholar
Weber 1993 = Thomas Weber, Pella Decapolitana. Abhandlungen des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins, XVIII, Wiesbaden.
Google Scholar
Weber 2002 = Thomas Maria Weber, Gadara Decapolitana. Gadara-Umm-Qes I. Abhandlungen des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins, XXX, Wiesbaden.
Google Scholar
Weber 2007 = Thomas M. Weber, Echoes from Mount Parnasses – Representations of the Muses in the Decapolis: Muses. In: Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, VIII.
Google Scholar
Weber, al-Mohammed 2006 = Thomas M. Weber, Qasem al-Mohammed, Sculptures from Roman Syria in the Syrian National Museum at Damascus I: From Cities and Villages in Central and Southern Syria, Worms.
Google Scholar
Zissu, Ganor 2004 = Boaz Zissu, Amir Ganor, Metal Utensils from the Time of the Bar Kohba Revolt discovered in the Southern Judaean Foothills, Israel, BABesch 79, s. 111-121.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2143/BAB.79.0.504738
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.