MFW i globalne dobra publiczne: w poszukiwaniu nowej roli w gospodarce światowej
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.42.02Słowa kluczowe:
globalne dobra publiczne, MFW, globalna stabilność finansowa, współpraca międzynarodowaAbstrakt
Aktualne wyzwania w gospodarce światowej ujawniają zwiększający się popyt na różne formy koordynacji działań w skali ponadnarodowej (co uwypukla także kryzys post-COVID-19). Stąd też coraz częściej w dyskursie akademickim, a także na forach organizacji multilateralnych pojawiają się odwołania do koncepcji globalnych dóbr publicznych (GPG). Celem tego artykułu jest próba zbadania, w jakim realnie zakresie MFW wpisuje się w ten koncept oraz w jakich obszarach swojej działalności dostarcza GPG. W opracowaniu wykorzystano podejście teoretyczne oraz analizę dokumentów i danych źródłowych MFW, jak również wyniki własnych badań empirycznych (the semi-structured interviews IDI z przedstawicielami organizacji międzynarodowych w Waszyngtonie, w tym MFW). Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują, iż MFW dostarcza zdywersyfikowane produkty w obszarze międzynarodowej stabilności finansowej (zwłaszcza best shot public goods), a zatem wpisuje się w koncept GPG. Przy czym w okresach względnej stabilności w gospodarce światowej, rosną nakłady MFW w sferach nadzoru i pomocy technicznej, co kieruje instytucję bardziej w kierunku produkcji czystych dóbr publicznych. MFW posiada przy tym przewagi komparatywne (i zasoby) predestynujące do produkcji GPG, ale sam koncept GPG bezpośrednio pojawia się jednak sporadycznie w pracach i aktywności MFW. Jednocześnie w modelu funkcjonowania MFW można zidentyfikować poważne ograniczenia redukujące zdolność operacyjną tej organizacji do produkcji GPG.
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