Rola gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym w rozwoju gospodarczym: badanie empiryczne dla panelu wybranych gospodarek europejskich
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.27.35Słowa kluczowe:
gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym, rozwój gospodarczy, zależności przekrojowe i niejednorodność, analiza panelowa kointegracji, rozszerzona grupa średnia, analiza panelowa przyczynowościAbstrakt
W artykule przeanalizowano związek między gospodarką o obiegu zamkniętym a rozwojem gospodarczym w 14 krajach UE w latach 2000–2020.
W porównaniu z poprzednimi pracami autorzy podkreślają znaczenie uwzględnienia wzajemnych zależności i niejednorodności pomiędzy krajami wchodzącymi w skład panelu. Co więcej, relacja kointegracji zastosowana w tej pracy uwzględnia wstrząsy strukturalne i wzajemne zależności dzięki zastosowaniu testu Westerlunda i Edgertona. Test ten pozwolił na walidację długoterminowej zależności w modelu. W badaniu wykorzystano technikę rozszerzonej grupy średniej w celu przezwyciężenia niektórych problemów ekonomicznych. Wykorzystanie bootstrapowej panelowej analizy przyczynowości Kónya pozwoliło na stwierdzenie, że związek przyczynowo‑skutkowy występuje tylko w kilku krajach.
Przeprowadzona analiza empiryczna wskazuje, że wzrost gospodarczy, badania i rozwój oraz wytwarzanie odpadów komunalnych sprzyjają recyklingowi i kompostowaniu odpadów komunalnych. W ten sam sposób recykling odpadów komunalnych, wydatki na badania i rozwój oraz wytwarzanie odpadów komunalnych pozytywnie wpływają na tempo wzrostu gospodarczego.
Uzyskane wyniki badań empirycznych mają istotne implikacje dla 14 krajów UE, które muszą podjąć odpowiednie działania w celu zwiększenia poziomu recyklingu za pomocą technologii przyjaznych dla środowiska, aby osiągnąć poziom zrównoważonego wzrostu i rozwoju. W porównaniu z poprzednimi badaniami niniejszy artykuł ma na celu wypełnienie luki w dotychczasowych badaniach i wzbogacenie istniejącej literatury na temat gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym i jej związku z rozwojem gospodarczym w Europie.
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