Sexual Difference and the Uterus in Luis Mercado, Rodrigo de Castro, and Zacuto Lusitano

Cristina Pinheiro

doi:10.18778/1505-9065.21.05

Auteurs

Cristina Pinheiro University of Madeira https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5223-0519

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9065.21.05

Mots-clés :

traités de gynécologie des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, différence sexuelle, Luís Mercado, Rodrigo de Castro, Zacuto Lusitano

Résumé

Dans les traités de gynécologie des XVI^e et XVII^e siècles, l’utérus est considéré comme la cause des maladies des femmes, selon des perspectives héritées des textes hippocratiques et d’Aretée, mais simultanément et dans une vision plus positive très redevable à Galien, sa position, sa forme et ses fonctions sont présentées comme l’œuvre admirable d’une nature sage qui ne fait rien au hasard. Dans cet article, je vise à analyser la tension résultant de la coexistence de ces deux perspectives dans les traités de Luís Mercado, Rodrigo de Castro et Zacuto Lusitano sur les maladies des femmes et comment la tension entre les deux s’articule avec les vues de ces auteurs sur la différence sexuelle. Ces trois auteurs ont en commun un effort évident pour magnifier le sujet de leurs traités et pour présenter les soins médicaux aux femmes comme un domaine d’expertise particulièrement exigeant, dans lequel l’auteur médical est un personnage clé qui fait autorité.

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Biographie de l'auteur

Cristina Pinheiro, University of Madeira

Cristina Santos Pinheiro (PhD, University of Madeira 2009) is a Professor in the University of Madeira and a Researcher at the Centre for Classical Studies at the School of Arts and Humanities of the University of Lisbon. She led the research project “Gynecia: Rodrigo de Castro Lusitano and the ancient medical tradition about gynaecology and embryology,” funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. Her research interests include Gender Studies, Women and children in Ancient Greece and Rome, and Ancient and Early Modern medical texts on women’s diseases. She has published book chapters and articles on these topics, e.g, the edition of the Latintext and Portuguese translation of Rodrigo de Castro’s De uniuersa mulierum medicina (Part 1 and 2), the Portuguese translation of Galen’s De uteri dissectione and De foetuum formatione, “From flesh to text: The chapters on the uterus and its parts in Rodrigo de Castro’s De uniuersa mulierum medicina”. Ágora: Estudos Clássicos em Debate, 23(1), p. 293-317; (forthcoming). “The enlarged clitoris: naming and defining female pathology in Rodrigo de Castro’s De uniuersa mulierum medicina”, in Pathology from Antiquity to the Early Modern Period, ed. A. Foscati, M. Goyens, Brepols.

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