GEBCO and ETOPO1 gridded datasets for GMT based cartographic Mapping of Hikurangi, Puysegur and Hjort Trenches, New Zealand

Polina Lemenkova

doi:10.18778/1427-9711.19.01

Autor

Polina Lemenkova Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Natural Disasters, Anthropogenic Hazards and Seismicity of the Earth, Laboratory of Regional Geophysics and Natural Disasters https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-1089

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.19.01

Słowa kluczowe:

GMT, rów Hikurangi, rów Puysegur, rów Hjort, modelowanie geomorfologiczne, kartografia, wizualizacja, analiza danych, batymetria, Ocean Spokojny

Abstrakt

Studium poświęcone jest analizie porównawczej rzeźby dna trzech rowów oceanicznych: Hikurangi (HkT), Puysegur (PT) i Hjort (HjT), położonych w pobliżu Nowej Zelandii na południowym Pacyfiku. HjT charakteryzuje się skośną strefą subdukcji. Unikalna sytuacja geotektoniczna regionu polega na rozdzieleniu dwóch stref subdukcji: północnej (Hikurangi) i południowej (Puysegur), strefą kolizji kontynentalnej wzdłuż uskoku Alpine Fault na Wyspie Południowej. Subdukcja na południe od Wyspy Południowej zachodzi pod dużym kątem w kierunku południowo-wschodnim (PT i HjT), podczas gdy w strefie północnej (Hikurangi) odbywa się na północny zachód. W konsekwencji Wyspa Południowa jest ujęta w swego rodzaju „nożyce subdukcyjne”. Metodologia oparta na GMT (The Generic Mapping Tools) posłużyła do skartowania, wykreślenia i modelowania obszaru. Kartowanie obejmuje wizualizację danych geofizycznych oraz pozycji tektonicznej i geologicznej rowów, opartą na sekwencyjnym użyciu modułów GMT. Dane obejmują GEBCO, ETOPO1, EGM96. Porównawcza korekcja histogramu siatek topograficznych (wyrównana, znormalizowana, kwadratowa) została wykonana przez moduł „grdhisteq”, zaś zautomatyzowane przekroje – przez moduł „grdtrack”.

Analiza wykazała , że rów Hjort ma symetryczną formę z porównywalnymi nachyleniami zarówno na zachodnich, jak i wschodnich zboczach. Rów Hikurangi ma podobne do koryta płaskie szerokie dno, a stok od strony zachodniej (przylegający do Wyspy Północnej) jest nachylony pod większym kątem od stoku wschodniego. Rów Puysegur ma asymetryczną V-kształtną formę ze stromo nachylonym zboczem wschodnim i łagodniejszym zachodnim. Rów HkT jest relatywnie płytki < 2500 m, PT osiąga głębokość <-6000 m. Największą głębokość (> 6000 m) stwierdzono dla rowu Hjort. Rzeźba dna w otoczeniu HjT jest najbardziej zróżnicowana, a w przypadku położonego bardziej na północ PT zaznacza się wyraźna dysproporcja pomiędzy łagodnym oceanicznym zboczem na zachodzie i stromym zboczem grzbietu Puysegur (północny odcinek Łuku Macquarie) na wschodniej flance rowu. Rozkład danych batymetrycznych dla HkT jest stosunkowo zrównoważony dla głębokości od 600 m do 2600 m. PT ma bimodalny rozkład danych z 2 pikami: 1) 4250 do 4500 m (18%); 2) 2250 do 3000 m, < 7,5%. Druga koncentracja danych odpowiada łukowi Macquarie. Rozkład danych dla HjT ma klasyczny kształt dzwonu z wyraźnym ekstremum odpowiadającym głębokościom 3250 do 3500 m. Asymetria zaprezentowanych rowów oceanicznych jest uwarunkowana przez procesy geotektoniczne.

Pobrania

Brak dostępnych danych do wyświetlenia.

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