Maternal age as a risk factor for cerebral palsy

Marta Sternal; Barbara Kwiatkowska; Krzysztof Borysławski; Agnieszka Tomaszewska

doi:10.2478/anre-2021-0009

Authors

Marta Sternal Department of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Barbara Kwiatkowska Department of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Krzysztof Borysławski Department of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Agnieszka Tomaszewska Department of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/anre-2021-0009

Keywords:

Cerebral palsy, twin birth, pre-term birth, term birth

Abstract

The relationship between maternal age and the occurrence of cerebral palsy is still highly controversial. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal age on the risk of CP development, taking into account all significant risk factors and the division into single, twin, full-term, and pre-term pregnancies.

The survey covered 278 children with CP attending selected educational institutions in Poland. The control group consisted of data collected from the medical records of 435 children born at Limanowa county hospital, Poland. The analyses included socio-economic factors, factors related to pregnancy and childbirth, and factors related to the presence of comorbidities and diseases in the child. Constructed logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses.

For all age categories included in the estimated models (assessing the effect of demographic factors on the development of CP), only the category of ≤24 years of age (in the group of all children) was significant. It was estimated that in this mother’s age category, the risk of CP is lower (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–1.0) in comparison to mothers aged 25-29 (p = 0.03). However, estimation with the use of a complex logistic regression model did not show any significant effect of maternal age on the incidence of CP in groups from different pregnancies types.

It became apparent that maternal age is a weak predictor of CP, insignificant in the final logistic regression model. It seems correct to assume that the studies conducted so far, showing a significant effect of maternal age in this respect, may be associated with bias in the estimators used to assess the risk of CP due to the fact that other important risk factors for CP development were not included in the research.

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