Factors influencing MICE destination revisit intentions: A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.32.1.09Keywords:
push factors, pull factors, revisit intention, MICEAbstract
The relationship between push and pull factors with the intention to revisit a destination has often been investigated in the context of general tourism. Not much is known on the factors influencing MICE destination revisit intentions, despite the numerous socioeconomic benefits that many countries have received from the MICE tourism business. This article attempts to fill the gap of knowledge by critically reviewing the literature using the integrative review approach. By reviewing, critiquing and synthesizing major literature on the issue, two push factors i.e. networking and educational opportunities and four pull factors i.e. destination image, travel costs, attraction and accessibility are established as influencing revisit intentions to MICE destination. Then a theoretical model of relationship between those factors and MICE destination revisit intentions is proposed.
Downloads
References
Abbasi, G.A., Kumaravelu, J., Goh, Y.-N., Dara Singh, K.S. (2021). Understanding the intension to revisit a destination by expanding the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Spanish Journal of Marketing – ESIC, 25 (2), 282-311. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2019-0109
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2019-0109
Abulibdeh, A., Zaidan, E. (2017). Empirical analysis of the cross-cultural information searching and travel behavior of business travelers: A case study of MICE travelers to Qatar in the Middle East. Applied Geography, 85, 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2017.06.001
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2017.06.001
Afonso, C., Silva, G.M., Gonçalves, H.M., Duarte, M. (2018). The role of motivations and involvement in wine tourists’ intension to return: SEM and fsQCA findings. Journal of Business Research, 89, 313-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.042
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.042
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50 (2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Akkhaphin, S. (2016). An evaluation of the potential of Thailand as a MICE (Meeting, Incentives, Conventions, and Exhibitions) industry hub for the international convention industry in Asia. Doctoral dissertation. Liverpool John Moores University.
Google Scholar
Aktas, G., Demirel, B. (2019). The genuine needs of conference attendees: An analysis by the modern quality function deployment. International Journal for Quality Research, 13 (1), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.24874/IJQR13.01-02
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24874/IJQR13.01-02
Alananzeh, O. (2012). The roles and importance of promotion tools and destination attributes of MICE tourism on Jordan’s destination image formation. Doctoral dissertation. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Google Scholar
Alananzeh, O., Al-Badarneh, M., Al-Mkhadmeh, A., Jawabreh, O. (2019). Factors influencing MICE tourism stakeholders’ decision making: The case of Aqaba in Jordan. Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 20 (1), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1526152
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1526152
Al-Dweik, M.R. (2020). Influence of event image and destination image on visitor satisfaction and intentions to revisit. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 9 (4), 418–433.
Google Scholar
Alfandi, A.M. (2021). Is Jordan safe to visit? The impact of perceived risk perceptions on the tourist behavioural intentions. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 33 (4), 1545–1550. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl15-606
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl15-606
Allameh, S.M., Khazaei Pool, J., Jaberi, A., Salehzadeh, R., Asadi, H. (2015). Factors influencing sport tourists’ revisit intentions: The role and effect of destination image, perceived quality, perceived value and satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 27 (2), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2013-0159
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2013-0159
Altareri, K. (2016). Development of multicultural MICE tourism in the Middle East: The case of Saudi Arabia. Doctoral dissertation. Victoria University.
Google Scholar
Anas, M., Maddiah, N., Noor Eizamly, N., Sulaiman, N., Wee, H. (2020). Key success factors toward MICE industry: A systematic literature review. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Culinary Arts (JTHCA), 12 (1), 1–34.
Google Scholar
Assaker, G., Hallak, R. (2013). Moderating effects of tourists’ novelty-seeking tendencies on destination image, visitor satisfaction, and short- and long-term revisit intentions. Journal of Travel Research, 52 (5), 600–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513478497
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513478497
Baloglu, S., Love, C. (2005). Association meeting planners’ perceptions and intentions for five major US convention cities: The structured and unstructured images. Tourism Management, 26 (5), 743-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.04.001
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.04.001
Baniya, R., Ghimire, S., Phuyal, S. (2017). Push and pull factors and their effects on international tourists’ revisit intention to Nepal. The GAZE Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 8, 20–39. https://doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17830
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17830
Bao, H.-F. (2017). MICE participants’ behavior model of revisit intension: Comparing Jeju, Seoul and Shanghai. Doctoral dissertation. JEJU National University Graduate School of General. Retrieved from: https://oak.jejunu.ac.kr/bitstream/2020.oak/22333/2/MICE%20Participants%27%20Behavior%20Model%20of%20Revisit%20Intention.pdf (3.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Baptista, E.A., Saldanha, E.S., Vong, M. (2020). The mediating effect of tourist satisfaction among pull and push factors on tourists’ behavioural intentions. TimorLeste Journal of Business and Management, 2 (1), 66-70. https://doi.org/10.51703/bm.v2i2.9
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51703/bm.v2i2.9
Barkiđija Sotošek, M. (2020). Relevant factors influencing convention attendees’ behavioural intentions – literature review. In: I. Klopotan, K. Czako, V. Beker (eds), Economic and social development (pp. 201–212). Varaždin: Varaždin Development and Entrepreneurship Agency.
Google Scholar
Barros, C.P., Assaf, A.G. (2012). Analyzing tourism return intension to an urban destination. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 36 (2), 216–231. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348010388658
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348010388658
Bi, N., Yin, C.Y., Chen, Y. (2020). A bittersweet experience! The effect of mixed emotions on business tourists’ revisit intentions. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37 (6), 695–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1795047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1795047
Bigné, J.E., Sánchez, M.I., Sánchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behaviour: Inter-relationship. Tourism Management, 22 (6), 607–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00035-8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00035-8
Buathong, K., Lai, P. (2017). Perceived attributes of event sustainability in the MICE industry in Thailand: A viewpoint from governmental, academic, venue and practitioner. Sustainability, 9 (7), 1151. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071151
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071151
Buhalis, D., Amaranggana, A. (2015). Smart tourism destinations enhancing tourism experience through personalisation of services. In: I. Tussyadiah, A. Inversini (eds), Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015 (pp. 377–389). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14343-9_28
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14343-9_28
Bui, H.T., Le, T.-A. (2016). Tourist satisfaction and destination image of Vietnam’s Ha Long Bay. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21 (7), 795–810. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1075564
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1075564
Çapar, H., Aslan, Ö. (2020). Factors affecting destination choice in medical tourism. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 8 (2), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.34172/ijtmgh.2020.13
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34172/ijtmgh.2020.13
Cassar, J., Whitfield, J., Chapman, A. (2020). Contemporary factors influencing association conference attendance. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 21 (1), 57–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1719948
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1719948
Chen, C.-F., Tsai, D.C. (2007). How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions? Tourism Management, 28 (4), 1115–1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.007
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.007
Chen, H.C., Chiou, C.Y., Yeh, C.Y., Lai, H.L. (2012). A study of the enhancement of service quality and satisfaction by Taiwan MICE Service Project. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 382–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.204
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.204
Cho, H. (2021). How nostalgia forges place attachment and revisit intention: A moderated mediation model. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 39 (6), 856–870. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-01-2021-0012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-01-2021-0012
Choe, Y., Lee, S.-M., Kim, D.-K. (2014). Understanding the exhibition attendees’ evaluation of their experiences: A comparison between high versus low mindful visitors. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31 (7), 899-914. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2014.890157
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2014.890157
Choi, Y.G. (2013). Understanding conference attendee’s experience quality and value perception: The case of academic association conferences. Doctoral thesis. Kansas State University. Kansans: University of Manhattan. Retrieved from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/18529271.pdf (12.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Cró, S., Martins, A.M. (2018). International association meetings: Importance of destination attributes. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 24 (3), 218–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717696535
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717696535
Crompton, J.L. (1979a). An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon that image. Journal of Travel Research, 17 (4), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757901700404
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757901700404
Crompton, J.L. (1979b). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6 (4), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Crouch, G.I., Del Chiappa, G., Perdue, R.R. (2019). International convention tourism: A choice modelling experiment of host city competition. Tourism Management, 71, 530–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.002
Crouch, G.I., Louviere, J.J. (2004). The determinants of convention site selection: A logistic choice model from experimental data. Journal of Travel Research, 43 (2), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504268233
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504268233
Crouch, G.I., Ritchie, J.R.B. (1997). Convention site selection research: A review, conceptual model, and propositional framework. Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 1 (1), 49–69. https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n01_05
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n01_05
Ćulić, M., Vujičić, M.D., Kalinić, Č., Dunjić, M., Stankov, U., Kovačić, S., Vasiljević, Ð.A., Anđelković, Ž. (2021). Rookie tourism destinations the effects of attractiveness factors on destination image and revisit intention with the satisfaction mediation effect. Sustainability, 13 (11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115780
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115780
Dann, G.M.S. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4 (4), 184–194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8
Dann, G.M.S. (1981). Tourist motivation: An appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, 8 (2), 187–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758202100282
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(81)90082-7
De Nisco, A., Mainolfi, G., Marino, V., Napolitano, M.R. (2015). Tourism satisfaction effect on general country image, destination image, and post-visit intentions. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 21 (4), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715577502
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715577502
Dimitrovski, D., Seočanac, M., Luković, M. (2021). Business events at a spa destination: An insight into senior participant motivation. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7 (1), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2019-0054
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2019-0054
DiPietro, R.B., Breiter, D., Rompf, P., Godlewska, M. (2008). An exploratory study of differences among meeting and exhibition planners in their destination selection criteria. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 9 (4), 258–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470140802473689
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470140802473689
Dragin-Jensen, C., Kwiatkowski, G. (2019). Image interplay between events and destinations. Growth and Change, 50 (1), 446–469. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12272
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12272
Dragin-Jensen, C., Schnittka, O., Feddersen, A., Kottemann, P., Rezvani, Z. (2018). They come from near and far: The impact of spatial distance to event location on event attendance motivations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18 (sup. 1: Destination dynamics: Travel goals unravelled), S87–S100. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2018.1518155
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2018.1518155
Draper, J., Neal, J.A. (2018). Motivations to attend a non-traditional conference: Are there differences based on attendee demographics and employment characteristics? Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 19 (4–5), 347–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1496504
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1496504
Elston, K., Draper, J. (2012). A review of meeting planner site selection criteria research. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 13 (3), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.715269
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.715269
Fakeye, P.C., Crompton, J.L. (1992). Importance of socialization to repeat visitation. Annals of Tourism Research, 19 (2), 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90091-3
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90091-3
Fila Hidayana, F., Suryawardani, I.G.A.O., Wiranatha, A.S. (2019). The influence of tourists’ motivation on intension to revisit at the traditional village of Prai Ijing, Waikabubak, West Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. EJournal of Tourism, 6 (2), 303. https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v6i2.53750
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v6i2.53750
Filimonau, V., Perez, L. (2019). National culture and tourist destination choice in the UK and Venezuela: An exploratory and preliminary study. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Place, Space and the Environment, 21 (2), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1490342
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1490342
Filipovic, M.G. (2012). A new prioritization method in the Analytic Hierarchy Process applied on a case study of the convention site selection. JP Journal of Applied Mathematics, 3 (2), 63–80.
Google Scholar
Fitri, N. (2021). Effects of novelty seeking, destination image, and perceived value through satisfaction on revisit intention to MICE destinations. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Modern Society (ICSTMS 2020), 576, 48–51.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210909.012
Gani, A.A., Mahdzar, M., Anuar, N.A.M. (2019). Visitor’s experiential attributes and revisit intentions to Islamic tourism attractions in Malaysia. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Culinary Arts (JTHCA), 11 (1), 1–12.
Google Scholar
Gartner, W.C. (1994). Image formation process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2 (2–3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v02n02_12
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v02n02_12
Gedeon, S., Al-Qasem, L. (2019). Jordan’s ICT sector analysis and strategy for sectoral improvement. Retrieved from: https://hp.icon-institute.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/giz2019-0122en-ict-sector-anaysis-strategy-jordan.pdf (11.02.2022).
Google Scholar
Getz, D., Page, S.J. (2016). Progress and prospects for event tourism research. Tourism Management, 52, 593–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.03.007
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.03.007
Giao, H.N.K., Ngan, N.T.K., Phuc, N.P.H., Tuan, H.Q., Hong, H.K., Anh, H.D.T., Nhu, D.T.H., Lan, N.T. (2020). How destination image factors affect domestic tourists revisit intension to Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7 (6), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO6.209
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.209
Go, F.M., Govers, R. (1999). The Asian perspective: Which international conference destinations in Asia are the most competitive? Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 1 (4), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n04_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n04_04
Gračan, D., Barkiđija Sotošek, M., Torbarina, M. (2021). The effect of the convention specific dimensions on universities teaching staff behavioral intention. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 27 (1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.1.7
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.1.7
Grant, Y.N.J. (1994). Factors that contribute to the selection process of meeting from the perspective of the attendee. Unpublished Master thesis. Blacksburg: Virginia Polytechnic and State University.
Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, A., Miravet, D., Saladié, Ó., Clavé, S.A. (2019). Transport mode choice by tourists transferring from a peripheral high-speed rail station to their destinations: Empirical evidence from Costa Daurada. Sustainability, 11 (11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113200
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113200
Haneef, S.K. (2017). A model to explore the impact of tourism infrastructure on destination image for effective tourism marketing. Doctoral thesis. University of Salford. Retrieved from: https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/42201/1/PhD%20Thesis%20-%20Sunitha.pdf (3.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Hansson, J., Pettersson, F., Svensson, H., Wretstrand, A. (2019). Preferences in regional public transport: A literature review. European Transport Research Review, 11 (1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0374-4
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0374-4
Hashemi, S., Marzuki, A., Kiumarsi, S. (2018). Perceived conference quality: Evidence from Malaysia. In: L.A. Cai, P. Aloedini (eds), Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice. Vol. 9: Quality Services and Experiences in Hospitality and Tourism (pp. 165–180). Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2042-144320180000009012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2042-144320180000009012
Hashemi, S., Marzuki, A., Mohammed, H.J., Kiumarsi, S. (2020). The effects of perceived conference quality on attendees’ behavioural intentions. Anatolia, 31 (3), 360–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1729215
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1729215
Houdement, J., Santos, J., Serra, F. (2017). Factors affecting the decision-making process when choosing an event destination: A comparative approach between Vilamoura (Portugal) and Marbella (Spain). Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, 5 (2), 127–145.
Google Scholar
Hsu, S.-C., Lin, C.-T., Lee, C. (2017). Measuring the effect of outbound Chinese tourists travel decision-making through tourism destination image and travel safety and security. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 38 (3–4), 559–584. https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2016.1259854
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2016.1259854
Hunt, J.D. (1975). Image as a factor in tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 13 (3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757501300301
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757501300301
Ingkadijaya, R., Bilqis, L.D.R., Nurlaila, R.N. (2021). What tourism product attributes are dominant influencing revisit intension to culinary tourism destination? Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 10 (2), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.23887/jish-undiksha.v10i2.33447
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jish-undiksha.v10i2.33447
Iordanova, E., Stylidis, D. (2019). The impact of visitors’ experience intensity on in-situ destination image formation. Tourism Review, 74 (4), 841–860. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-12-2018-0178
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-12-2018-0178
Jago, L., Deery, M. (2005). Relationships and factors influencing convention decision-making. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 7 (1), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n01_03
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n01_03
Jamaludin, M., Kadir, S.A. (2012). Accessibility in buildings of tourist attraction: A case studies comparison. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35, 97–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.02.067
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.02.067
Jo, D., Park, H.-Y., Choe, Y., Kim, D.-K. (2019). Destination-selection attributes for international association meetings: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 13, 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.05.005
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.05.005
Joo, T.H., Sean, T.Y., Hong, Y.P. (2017). Intention to revisit Penang: A study of push and pull factors. Universiti Unku Abdul Rahman. Retrieved from: http://eprints.utar.edu.my/2641/1/MK1701-022_Intention_to_revisit_Penang-A_study_of_Push_and_Pull_factors.pdf (3.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Jordan Tourism Board (2016). A strategy for developing Jordan’s MICE sector. Retrieved from: https://documents.pub/document/a-strategy-for-developing-jordanas-mice-strategypdf-a-strategy-for-developing.html?page=1 (1.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Jung, S., Tanford, S. (2017). What contributes to convention attendee satisfaction and loyalty? A meta-analysis. Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 18 (2), 118–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2017.1290565
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2017.1290565
Jung, S., Tanford, S., Kim, Y.S., Raab, C. (2018). A comparison of planners’ site selection intentions towards a sustainability reward program, location, and overall costs. Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 19 (3), 286–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1467808
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1467808
Kang, M.-H., Suh, S.-J., Jo, D. (2005). The competitiveness of international meeting destinations in Asia: Meeting planners’ versus buying centers’ perceptions. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 7 (2), 57–85. https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n02_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n02_04
Khuong, M.N., Ha, H.T.T. (2014). The influences of push and pull factors on the international leisure tourists’ return intention to Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A mediation analysis of destination satisfaction. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 5 (6), 490–496. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2014.V5.421
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2014.V5.421
Kim, B.H., Kim, S., Oh, M. (2020). Determinants of convention attendees’ willingness to pay for additional programs. Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 21 (2), 155–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1731727
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1731727
Kim, J., Kang, J.H., Kim, Y.-K. (2014). Impact of mega sport events on destination image and country image. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23 (3), 161–175.
Google Scholar
Kim, S., Lee, J.-S., Kim, M. (2012). How different are first-time attendees from repeat attendees in convention evaluation? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31 (2), 544–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.07.014
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.07.014
Kim, S.-K., Park, J.-A., Kim, W. (2016). The mediating effect of destination image on the relationship between spectator satisfaction and behavioral intentions at an international sporting event. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21 (3), 273–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1048262
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1048262
Kim, S.-S., Lee, C.-K. (2002). Push and pull relationships. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00043-3
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00043-3
Kim, W. (2021). Determinants of tourists’ revisit intention in domestic tourism. International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, 9 (3), 74–80. https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2021.9.3.74
Google Scholar
Lee, H., Lee, J.-S. (2017). An exploratory study of factors that exhibition organizers look for when selecting convention and exhibition centers. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 34 (8), 1001–1017. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1276508
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1276508
Lee, J.-S., Min, C.-K. (2013). Examining the role of multidimensional value in convention attendee behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 37 (3), 402–425. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012436383
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012436383
Lee, K.E. (2016). An examination of the decisionmaking process for utilization of mobile applications in the MICE industry. Doctoral dissertation. Iowa: Iowa State University. https://doi.org/10.31274/etd-180810-4615
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31274/etd-180810-4615
Lee, M.J., Back, K.J. (2005). A review of economic value drivers in convention and meeting management research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 17 (5), 409–420. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110510604832
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110510604832
Lee, M.J., Back, K.-J. (2008). Association meeting participation: A test of competing models. Journal of Travel Research, 46 (3), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507308320
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507308320
Lee, M.J., Yeung, S., Dewald, B. (2010). An exploratory study examining the determinants of attendance motivations as perceived by attendees at Hong Kong exhibitions. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 11 (3), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2010.507135
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2010.507135
Lee, P., Koo, C., Chung, N. (2019). The threats of North Korea’s missile and visitors’ international conference choice behavior. Sustainability, 11 (18), 5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185097
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185097
Lee, S., Jeong, E., Qu, K. (2020). Exploring theme park visitors’ experience on satisfaction and revisit intentions: A utilization of experience economy model. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 21 (4), 474–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2019.1691702
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2019.1691702
Lee, S.H., Fenich, G.G. (2016). Perceived fairness of room blocks in the Meetings, Incentives, Convention, and Exhibition industry. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 17 (2), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2016.1171187
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2016.1171187
Lee, Y., Kim, M.-L., Koo, J., Won, H.-J. (2019). Sport volunteer service performance, image formation, and service encounters. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 20 (2), 307–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-05-2018-0047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-05-2018-0047
Leong, A.M.W. (2007). Macau MICE tourism with a closer review of the Las Vegas and Atlantic City experiences. Journal of Macau University of Science and Technology, 1 (2), 55–70.
Google Scholar
Liang, H.C.K., Latip, H.A. (2018). Factors affecting attendees’ decision-making in convention tourism industry. Advanced Science Letters, 24 (6), 4414–4420. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11616
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11616
Lingfei, W. (2014). The comparison of employee value proposition between MICE industry and MICE higher education in China – based on TEFI value set. International Journal of Innovation,Management and Technology, 5 (5), 358. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIMT.2014.V5.540
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIMT.2014.V5.540
Loi, L.T.I., So, A.S.I., Lo, I.S., Fong, L.H.N. (2017). Does the quality of tourist shuttles influence revisit intentions through destination image and satisfaction? The case of Macao. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 32, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.06.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.06.002
Luvsandavaajav, O., Narantuya, G. (2021). Mongolian domestic tourists’ motivation and revisit intention: Mediating effect of perceived benefit and perceived value. Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development, 3 (1), 32–48. https://doi.org/10.47246/CEJGSD.2021.3.1.3
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47246/CEJGSD.2021.3.1.3
Mair, J., Lockstone-Binney, L., Whitelaw, P.A. (2018). The motives and barriers of association conference attendance: Evidence from an Australasian tourism and hospitality academic conference. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 34, 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.11.004
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.11.004
Mair, J., Thompson, K. (2009). The UK association conference attendance decision-making process. Tourism Management, 30 (3), 400–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.002
Malekmohammadi, A., Mohamed, B., Ekiz, E.H. (2011). An analysis of conference attendee motivations: Case of international conference attendees in Singapore. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 11 (1), 50–64.
Google Scholar
Masiero, L., Qiu, R.T.R. (2018). Modeling reference experience in destination choice. Annals of Tourism Research, 72, 58–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.06.004
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.06.004
Maulida, S., Jasfar, F., Hamzah, M.Z. (2020). Analysis of the effect of brand image, tourist perception, service quality toward revisit intention in recreational parks in DKI Jakarta. Proceedings of the International Conference on Management, Accounting, and Economy (ICMAE 2020), 151, 152–154. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.035
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.035
Mhango, G.M.K. (2018). Mapping the place for interpretivism in MICE destination choice research: Issues in methodology. Journal of Marketing and Consumer Research, 49, 8–16.
Google Scholar
Micić, J., Denda, S., Popescu, M. (2019). The significance of the risk-related challenges in tourist destination choice. Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA, 69 (1), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1901039M
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1901039M
Milovanović, I., Matić, R., Alexandris, K., Maksimović, N., Milošević, Z., Drid, P. (2021). Destination image, sport event quality, and behavioral intentions: The cases of three World Sambo Championships. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 45 (7), 1150–1169. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348019883920
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348019883920
Molinillo, S., LiébanaCabanillas, F., AnayaSánchez, R., Buhalis, D. (2018). DMO online platforms: Image and intention to visit. Tourism Management, 65, 116–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.021
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.021
Mun, N.Y., Lee, W., Jeong, C. (2018). Traveling from South to North: The relationships between historical nostalgia, novelty seeking, and attitudes to visit North Korea. International Journal of Tourism Sciences, 18 (3), 170–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/15980634.2018.1517934
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15980634.2018.1517934
Mureșan M.L., Nistoreanu, P. (2017). MICE – the valorization vector of local communities’ resources: Case study – Romania. Management International Conference, Managing the Global Economy, 4, 417–429. Retrieved from: http://www.hippocampus.si/ISBN/978-961-7023-71-8/40.pdf (18.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Nakip, M., Gökmen, A. (2018). The importance of the destination choices of tourists: The case of Kazakh tourists visiting Turkey. International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management in the Digital Age, 2 (1), 48–62. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijthmda.2018010104
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJTHMDA.2018010104
Nasir, H.M., Alagas, E.N., Nasir, N.M. (2019). A review of business events in Malaysia: Finding the gap. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 19 (2), 22–29.
Google Scholar
Ngamsom, B., Beck, J. (2000). A pilot study of motivations, inhibitors, and facilitators of association members in attending international conferences. Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 2 (2–3), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1300/j143v02n02_09
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v02n02_09
Ngoc, K.M., Trinh, N.T. (2015). Factors affecting tourists’ return intention towards Vung Tau City, Vietnam – a mediation analysis of destination satisfaction. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 3 (4), 292–298. https://doi.org/10.12720/joams.3.4.292-298
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12720/joams.3.4.292-298
Nguyet, T.L. (2017). Destination revisit intention: The effects of satisfaction, overall destination image, frequency of past behavior and switching cost. Retrieved from: http://thuvien.vku.udn.vn/bitstream/123456789/225/1/20181208084547.pdf (30.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Onwuegbuzie, A.J., Frels, R. (2016). 7 steps to a comprehensive literature review: A multimodal & cultural approach. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Google Scholar
Oppermann, M. (1996). Convention destination images: Analysis of association meeting planners’ perceptions. Tourism Management, 17 (3), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(96)00004-0
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(96)00004-0
Oppermann, M., Chon, K.-S. (1997). Convention participation decision-making process. Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (1), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(96)00049-7
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(96)00049-7
Ortaleza, M.S., Mangali, G.R. (2021). Attributes of travel destinations that influence tourists’ decisions: A systematic review. International Tourism and Hospitality Journal (ITHJ), 4 (8), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.37227/ITHJ-2021-03-247
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37227/ITHJ-2021-03-247
Para, A., Kachniewska, M. (2014). Determinants of convention & conference site selection: The Polish event planners’ perspective. In: F. Dias, S. Oliveira, J. Kosmaczewska, Â. Pereira (eds), New trends in tourism research: A Polish perspective (pp. 150–162). Peniche: ITUR – Tourism Research Group of Polytechnic Institute of Leiri.
Google Scholar
Park, J., Wu, B., Shen, Y., Morrison, A.M., Kong, Y. (2014). The great halls of China? Meeting planners’ perceptions of Beijing as an international convention destination. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 15 (4), 244–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2014.961669
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2014.961669
Pavluković, V., Cimbaljević, M. (2020). Factors affecting conference participation decision-making. Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic SASA, 70 (1), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2001031P
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2001031P
Phau, I., Quintal, V., Shanka, T. (2014). Examining a consumption values theory approach of young tourists toward destination choice intentions. International Journal of Culture, Tourism, and Hospitality Research, 8 (2), 125139. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-12-2012-0090
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-12-2012-0090
Phophan, K. (2017). Factors influencing the decision making of foreign MICE visitors to revisit Bangkok, Thailand. Proceedings of Academics World International Conference, 3 (5), 1–5.
Google Scholar
Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B., Del Chiappa, G. (2017). Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intentions to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 56 (1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515620567
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515620567
Preko, A., Doe, F., Dadzie, S.A. (2019). The future of youth tourism in Ghana: Motives, satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Journal of Tourism Futures, 5 (1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2016-0059
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2016-0059
Puspitasari, Y.A., Sugandini, D., Istanto, Y. (2020). Effect of attraction, the quality of destination, motivation, and satisfaction of intentions to revisit on heritage destination. In: A. Subyantoro, Sabihaini, M.I. Effendi, D.I. Purnamasari, D. Sugandini, I. bin A. Majid, H.D. Mulyaningsih (eds), Proceedings of the International Conference of Business, Economy, Entrepreneurship and Management – ICBEEM (pp. 280–286). Yogyakarta. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009964302800286
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5220/0009964302800286
Qi, H., Smith, K.A., Yeoman, I. (2019). An exploratory study of volunteer motivation at conferences: A case study of the First World Conference on Tourism for Development. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24 (6), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1610000
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1610000
Ramírez-Gutiérrez, A.G., Badillo-Piña, I., Morales-Matamoros, O., Tejeida-Padilla, R. (2019). Towards a viable system model for MICE tourism in Mexico. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the ISSS – 2017 Vienna, Austria, 2017(1). Retrieved from: https://journals.isss.org/index.php/proceedings61st/article/view/3203 (30.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Ramli, M.F., Rahman, M.A., Ling, O.M. (2020). Do motivation and destination image affect tourist revisit intentions to Kinabalu National Park during COVID-19 pandemic recovery phase? European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, 7 (6), 1624–1635.
Google Scholar
Rittichainuwat, B.N., Beck, J.A., Lalopa, J. (2001). Understanding motivations, inhibitors, and facilitators of association members in attending international conferences. Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 3 (3), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v03n03_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v03n03_04
Rogers, T. (2013). Conferences and conventions: A global industry. 3rd edition. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203119402
Roslan, Z., Ramli, Z., Choy, E.A. (2018). The potential of heritage tourism development in Jugra, Selangor, Malaysia, using SWOT analysis. In: M. Abdul Wahab, R. Ahmad Zakaria, M. Hadrawi, Z. Ramli (eds), Selected topics on archaeology, history and culture in the Malay world (pp. 159–170). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5669-7_13
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5669-7_13
Ryu, K., Lee, J.S. (2013). Understanding convention attendee behavior from the perspective of self-congruity: The case of academic association convention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33 (1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.01.003
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.01.003
Severt, D., Wang, Y., Chen, P.-J., Breiter, D. (2007). Examining the motivation, perceived performance, and behavioral intentions of convention attendees: Evidence from a regional conference. Tourism Management, 28 (2), 399–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.003
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.003
Sianipar, R., Situmorang, J.M.H., Goeltom, V.A.H., Gustian Yulius, K. (2021). Factors influencing tourist satisfaction and revisit intention to Cibuntu tourist village during COVID-19 pandemic. JELAJAH: Journal Tourism and Hospitality, 3 (1), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.33830/jelajah.v3i1.1847
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33830/jelajah.v3i1.1847
Singh, R., Singh, J. (2019). Destination attributes to measure tourist revisit intention: A scale development. Global Business Review, 20 (2), 549–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918825329
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918825329
Sirait, R.T.M., Ginting, P., Lubis, A.N., Absah, Y. (2021). The effect of destination image and pull factors on tourist satisfaction and its implications on the intention to return to the Lake Toba Area of North Sumatra. The 2ndEconomics and Business International Conference (EBIC 2019) – Economics and Business in Industrial Revolution, 637–648. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009329106370648
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5220/0009329106370648
Sitepu, E.S., Rismawati, R. (2021). The influence of service quality, destination image, and memorable experience on revisit intentions with intervening variables of tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Applied Sciences in Tourism and Events, 5 (1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.31940/ijaste.v5i1.2097
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31940/ijaste.v5i1.2097
Solomon, E.N.-A. (2019). Destination selection determinants and revisit intention: The role of satisfaction and sociodemographic factors. University of Ghana. Retrieved from: http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/34341 (2.03.2022).
Google Scholar
Som, A.P.M., Marzuki, A., Yousefi, M., AbuKhalifeh, A.N. (2012). Factors influencing visitors’ revisit behavioral intentions: A case study of Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4 (4), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v4n4p39
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v4n4p39
Sperstad, J., Cecil, A.K. (2011). Changing paradigm of meeting management: What does this mean for academia? Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 12 (4), 313–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2011.620600
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2011.620600
Stylidis, D., Belhassen, Y., Shani, A. (2015). Three tales of a city: Stakeholders’ images of Eilat as a tourist destination. Journal of Travel Research, 54 (6), 702–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514532373
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514532373
Stylos, N., Vassiliadis, C.A., Bellou, V., Andronikidis, A. (2016). Destination images, holistic images and personal normative beliefs: Predictors of intention to revisit a destination. Tourism Management, 53, 40–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.006
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.006
Susyarini, N.P.W.A., Hadiwidjojo, D., Supartha W.G., Rohman, F. (2014). Tourists’ behavioral intentions antecedent Meeting Incentive Convention & Exhibition (MICE) in Bali. European Journal of Business and Management, 6 (25), 102–109.
Google Scholar
Tanford, S., Montgomery, R., Nelson, K.B. (2012). Factors that influence attendance, satisfaction, and loyalty for conventions. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 13 (4), 290–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.728975
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.728975
Thiumsak, T., Ruangkanjanases, A. (2016). Factors influencing international visitors to revisit Bangkok, Thailand. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 4 (3), 220–230. https://doi.org/10.7763/joebm.2016.v4.94
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/JOEBM.2016.V4.94
Thong, J.Z., Ching, J.L., Chin, Y.S. (2020). Destination image towards revisit intention to natural protected areas in Sarawak: A study of functional characteristics. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10 (9), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v10-i9/7631
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i9/7631
Ting, T., Changtai, L., Linjun, H., Zhiping, Z. (2021). Study on the influence of health and wellness tourists’ pull motivation on revisit intention – the moderating role of the push motivation. E3S Web of Conferences, 251, 03047. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103047
Trišić, I., Arsenov-Bojović, V. (2018). The role of MICE industry in tourism development. Tourism International Scientific Conference Vrnjačka Banja – TISC, 3 (2), 275–293.
Google Scholar
Tsai, L.L. (2020). Factors affecting intention to revisit an environmental event: The moderating role of enduring involvement. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 22 (1), 61–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1816519
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1816519
Uysal, M., Jurowski, C. (1994). Testing the push and pull factors. Annals of Tourism Research, 21 (4), 844–846. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)90091-4
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)90091-4
Veloutsou, C., Chreppas, C. (2015). Training or vacation? The academic conference tourism. Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 10 (1), 101–130.
Google Scholar
Wang, C., Hsu, M.K. (2010). The relationships of destination image, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: An integrated model. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27 (8), 829–843. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2010.527249
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2010.527249
Wang, J.-H., Feng, H., Wu, Y. (2020). Exploring key factors of medical tourism and its relation with tourism attraction and re-visit intention. Cogent Social Sciences, 6 (1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1746108
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1746108
Watjanasoontorn, I., Viriyasuebphong, P., Voraseyanont, P. (2019). Sport marketing mix impact on intentions to revisit Buriram. Journal of Thai Hospitality and Tourism, 14 (2), 91–101.
Google Scholar
Welthagen, L.C. (2019). A conceptual framework towards conference tourism competitiveness. Doctoral dissertation North-West University. Retrieved from: https://repository.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/32741/Welthagen_L_2019.pdf?sequence=1 (12.01.2022).
Google Scholar
Weru, J.N. (2021). Perceived destination image and post-visit behaviour: An international MICE visitors’ perspective. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 10 (2), 472–486.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-111
Weru, J.N., Njoroge, J.M. (2021). Investigating the influence of business events experience on international visitors’ perceived destination image: The case of Kenya. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 22 (5), 384–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1895017
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1895017
Whitfield, J., Dioko, L.D.A.N., Webber, D., Zhang, L. (2014). Attracting convention and exhibition attendance to complex MICE venues: Emerging data from Macao. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16 (2), 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1911
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1911
Wicaksono, M.A., Setyaningtyas, T., Kirana, A.N. (2021). Relationship analysis of destination image, sports involvement, event quality and travel motives as an antecedent factors on revisit intention in recurring running sports-event. The Winners, 22 (2), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i2.7434
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i2.7434
Xu, F., Lin, X., Li, S., Niu, W. (2018). Is Southern Xinjiang really unsafe? Sustainability, 10 (12), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124639
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124639
Yang, E.C.L., Sharif, S.P., Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2015). Tourists’ risk perception of risky destinations: The case of Sabah’s eastern coast. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 15 (3), 206–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415576085
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415576085
Yen, T.-F. (2020). The determinates of revisit intentions in wine cultural event: The moderating role of experience authenticity. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 6 (4), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2020/v6i430183
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2020/v6i430183
Yeoh, S., Goh, Y.-N. (2017). Participants’ behavioral intentions to re-attend outdoor sport events (Penang, Malaysia). Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Culinary Arts, 9 (3), 14–27.
Google Scholar
Yodsuwan, C., Pathan, A., Butcher, K. (2020). Exploring the drivers of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) among corporate meeting attendees. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 12 (1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-05-2020-0029
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-05-2020-0029
Yoo, J.J.-E., Chon, K. (2008). Factors affecting convention participation decision-making: Developing a measurement scale. Journal of Travel Research, 47 (1), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507312421
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507312421
Yoo, J.J.-E., Zhao, X. (2010). Revisiting determinants of convention participation decision making. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27 (2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548401003590369
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548401003590369
Yousefi, M., Marzuki, A. (2015). An analysis of push and pull motivational factors of international tourists to Penang, Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 16 (1), 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2015.991987
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2015.991987
Zhang, H.Q., Leung, V., Qu, H. (2007). A refined model of factors affecting convention participation decision-making. Tourism Management, 28 (4), 1123–1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.008
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.008
Zhang, H., Liu, S., Bai, B. (2021). Image transfer between mega business event, hosting destination and country and its effects on exhibitors’ behavioral intention. Tourism Review, 77 (1), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2020-0182
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2020-0182
Zhou, L. (2005). Destination attributes that attract international tourists to Cape Town. Master thesis. University of the Western Cape. Retrieved from: https://etd.uwc.ac.za/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11394/183/Zhou_MCom_2005.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (30.02.2022).
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
