Investigating travel motivations for visiting urban destinations in the Republic of Serbia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.32.1.05Keywords:
travel motivation, travel motives, demographic characteristics, urban destinations, Republic of SerbiaAbstract
The aim of this article is to examine travel motivations for visiting urban destinations in the Republic of Serbia. Differences among the travel motives according to tourists’ demographic characteristics were also analyzed. The research was conducted from June 2018 to July 2019 on tourists who visited urban destinations in Serbia (Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš and Kragujevac). The analysis included 390 valid answers from respondents. The research results, which are presented in the article, have shown that tourists visit urban destinations in Serbia for business, education, family and sightseeing. The contribution of this study is reflected in the identification of key travel motives for visiting urban destinations in Serbia and this can help those preparing a tourist offer to adjust their services to the needs and requirements of such tourists.
Downloads
References
Aall, C., Koens, K. (2019). The discourse on sustainable urban tourism: The need for discussing more than overtourism. Sustainability, 11 (15), 4228. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11154228
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11154228
Allan, M., Shavanddasht, M. (2017). Rural geotourists segmentation by motivation in weekends and weekdays. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 0 (0), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358417694513
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358417694513
Almeida, F., Silva, O., Amoêdo, N. (2019). Urban tourist motivations in the city of Porto. Journal of Tourism & Management Research, 4 (2), 445–462. https://doi.org/10.26465/ojtmr.2018339521
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26465/ojtmr.2018339521
Ashworth, G.J., Page, J.S. (2011). Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current paradoxes. Tourism Management, 32 (1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.02.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.02.002
Aziz, Y.A., Hussin, S.R., Nezakati, H., Yusof, R.N.R., Hashim, H. (2018). The effect of socio-demographic variables and travel characteristics on motivation of Muslim family tourists in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9 (2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2016-0016
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2016-0016
Battour, M., Ismail, M.N., Battor, M., Awais, M. (2017). Islamic tourism: An empirical examination of travel motivation and satisfaction in Malaysia. Current Issues in Tourism, 20 (1), 50–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.965665
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.965665
Blank, U., Petkovich, M. (1980). The metropolitan area: A multifaceted travel destination complex. In: D. Hawkins, E. Shafer, J. Ravelstad (eds), Tourism planning and development (pp. 393–405). Washington: George Washington University.
Google Scholar
Blank, U., Petkovich, M. (1987). Research on urban tourism destinations. In: J.R.B. Ritchie, C. Goeldner (eds), Travel, tourism and hospitality research: A handbook for managers and researchers (pp. 165–177). New York: John Wiley.
Google Scholar
Blešić, I., Pivac, T., Stamenković, I., Besermenji, S., Marković, S. (2014). Investigation of visitor motivation of the EXIT Music Festival (The Republic of Serbia). Revista de Turism – Studii si Cercetari in Turism, 18, 8–15.
Google Scholar
Božić, S., Jovanović, T., Tomić, N., Vasiljević, D.A. (2017a). An analytical scale for domestic tourism motivation and constraints at multi-attraction destinations: The case study of Serbia’s Lower and Middle Danube region. Tourism Management Perspectives, 23, 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.05.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.05.002
Božić, S., Kennell, J., Vujičić, M.D., Jovanović, T. (2017b). Urban tourist motivations: Why visit Ljubljana? International Journal of Tourism Cities, 3 (4), 382–398. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2017-0012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2017-0012
Carvache-Franco, M., Carvache-Franco, O., Carvache-Franco, W., Villagómez-Buele, C., Saltos-Layana, A. (2020). Sociodemographic aspects and their relationship with the ecotourists’ motivations in a coastal national park from Ecuador. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 31 (3), 1075–1082. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.31320-543
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.31320-543
Chan, J.K.L., Baum, T. (2007). Motivation factors of ecotourists in ecolodge accommodation: The push and pull factors. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12 (4), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660701761027
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660701761027
Chebli, A., Chabou Othmani, M., Ben Said, F. (2020). Market segmentation in urban tourism: Exploring the influence of personal factors on tourists’ perception. Journal of Tourism and Services, 20 (11), 74–108. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i20.144
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i20.144
Chi, N.T.K., Phuong, V.H. (2021). Studying tourist intention on city tourism: The role of travel motivation. International Journal of Tourism Cities, https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2021-0042
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2021-0042
Chi, X., Lee, S.K., Ahn, Y.J., Kiatkawsin, K. (2020). Tourist-perceived quality and loyalty intentions towards rural tourism in China. Sustainability, 12 (9), 3614. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093614
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093614
Crompton, J.L. (1979). Motivations of pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6 (4), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Dahiya, K.S., Batra, D.K. (2016). Tourist decision making: Exploring the destination choice criteria. Asian Journal of Management Research, 7 (2), 140–153.
Google Scholar
Dann, G.M. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4 (4), 184–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8
Dryglas, D., Salamaga, M. (2018). Segmentation by push motives in health tourism destinations: A case study of Polish spa resorts. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 234–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.01.008
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.01.008
Dunne, G., Buckley, J., Flanagan, S. (2007). City break motivation: The case of Dublin – a successful national capital. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 22 (3–4), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v22n03_08
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v22n03_08
Dunne, G., Flanagan, S., Buckley, J. (2011). Towards a decision making model for city break travel. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 5 (2), 158–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/17506181111139573
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17506181111139573
Edwards, D., Friffin, T., Hayllar, B. (2008). Urban tourism research: Developing an agenda. Annals of Tourism Research, 35 (4), 1032–1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2008.09.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2008.09.002
Galdini, R. (2007). Tourism and the city: Opportunity for regeneration. TOURISMOS – An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 2 (2), 95–111.
Google Scholar
Garms, M., Fredman, P., Mose, I. (2017). Travel motives of German tourists in the Scandinavian mountains: The case of Fulufjället National Park. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 17 (3), 239–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1176598
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1176598
Gorcheva, T. (2015). Cities as attractive tourist destinations. Народностопански архив, 1, 3–14.
Google Scholar
Gospodini, A. (2001). Urban design, urban space morphology, urban tourism: An emerging new paradigm concerning their relationship. European Planning Studies, 9 (7), 925–934. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310120079841
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310120079841
Hashim, N.N., Velayuthan, S.K., Yusoff, A.M., Awang, Z., Safri, F.M. (2019). Validating the measuring instrument for motivation factors towards visiting spa and wellness tourism destinations in Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 8, 1106–1108. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.I1175.0789S19
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.I1175.0789S19
Heitmann, S. (2011). Tourist behaviour and tourism motivation. In: P. Robinson, S. Heitmann, P. Dieke (eds), Research themes for tourism (pp. 31–44). Wallingford (Oxfordshire); Cambridge (MA): CABI.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845936846.0031
Hsu, C.H., Huang, S. (2008). Travel motivation: A critical review of the concept’s development. In: A.G. Woodside, D. Martin (eds), Tourism management: Analysis, behaviour and strategy (pp. 14–27). Wallingford (UK); Cambridge (MA): CABI Pub. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845933234.0014
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845933234.0014
Huang, S.S., Hsu, C.H. (2009). Travel motivation: Linking theory to practice. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3 (4), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/17506180910994505
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17506180910994505
Iso-Ahola, S.E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9 (2), 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4
Jević, G., Popesku, J., Jević, J. (2020). Analysis of motivating factors for visiting wineries in the Vršac wine region (Vojvodina, Serbia). Geographica Pannonica, 24 (1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-22781
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-22781
Kara, N.S., Mkwizu, K.H. (2020). Demographic factors and travel motivation among leisure tourists in Tanzania. International Hospitality Review, 34 (1), 81–103. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-01-2020-0002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-01-2020-0002
Kim, K., Oh, I., Jogaratnam, G. (2007). College student travel: A revised model of push motives. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 13 (1), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766706071201
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766706071201
Kim, S.S., Kim, M., Park, J., Guo, Y. (2008). Cave tourism: Tourists’ characteristics, motivations to visit, and the segmentation of their behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 13 (3), 299–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660802280448
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660802280448
Küçükergin, K.G., Çalışkan, C., Dedeoglu, B.B., Birinci, M.C. (2021). Analyzing the role of constraints and motivations behind traveling in the prediction of destination choice: Evidence from PLS‐SEM and fsQCA. International Journal of Tourism Research, 23 (6), 1191–1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2479
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2479
Lee, L.Y.S. (2021). Fashioning tourism future for visiting large cities. Journal of Tourism Futures. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-07-2021-0186
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-07-2021-0186
Li, M., Cai, L.A. (2012). The effects of personal values on travel motivation and behavioral intention. Journal of Travel Research, 51 (4), 473–487. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511418366
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511418366
López-Guzmán, T., Torres Naranjo, M., Pérez Gálvez, J.C., Carvache Franco, W. (2019). Segmentation and motivation of foreign tourists in world heritage sites: A case study, Quito (Ecuador). Current Issues in Tourism, 22 (10), 1170–1189. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1344625
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1344625
Marangkun, W., Thipjumnong, A. (2017). The relationship between marketing promotion of historical tourism and tourist motivation of domestic tourists: Case study of KohYoh, Songkhla Province, Thailand. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 5 (1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-2169/2017.02.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-2169/2017.02.002
Ministry of Trade, Tourism and Telecommunication of the Republic of Serbia (2016). Tourism development strategy of the Republic of Serbia for the period 2016–2025. Belgrade: Government of the Republic of Serbia.
Google Scholar
Moniz, A.I., Medeiros, T., Silva, O., Ferreira, J. (2020). The effects of senior tourists’ characteristics on travel motivation. In: Á. Rocha, A. Abreu, J. de Carvalho, D. Liberato, E. González, P. Liberato (eds), Advances in tourism, technology and smart systems. Smart innovation, systems and technologies (pp. 415–425). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2_37
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2_37
Navickas, V., Petroké, I., Bačiuliené, V. (2020). Motives of participation in the sharing economy: Tourism sector case. Acta Oeconomica Universitatis Selye, 9 (2), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.36007/Acta.2020.9.2.4
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36007/Acta.2020.9.2.4
Nieuwland, S., Van Melik, R. (2020). Regulating Airbnb: How cities deal with perceived negative externalities of short-term rentals. Current Issues in Tourism, 23 (7), 811–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1504899
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1504899
Novy, J., Colomb, C. (2019). Urban tourism as a source of contention and social mobilisations: A critical review. Tourism Planning & Development, 16 (4), 358–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2019.1577293
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2019.1577293
Page, S.J. (1995). Urban Tourism. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Pandy, W.R., Rogerson, C.M. (2019). Urban tourism and climate change: Risk perceptions of business tourism stakeholders in Johannesburg, South Africa. Urbani Izziv, 30, 225–243. https://doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-supplement-015
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-supplement-015
Perić, G., Avramović, M., Stojiljković, M. (2018). Achieved level of tourism development in the Republic of Serbia. Bizinfo (Blace), 9 (2), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.5937/bizinfo1802039P
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/bizinfo1802039P
Pestana, M.H., Parreira, A., Moutinho, L. (2020). Motivations, emotions and satisfaction: The keys to a tourism destination choice. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 16, 100332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.12.006
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.12.006
Plog, S.C. (1974). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity? Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14 (4), 55–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/001088047401400409
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001088047401400409
Podovac, M. (2016). Gradski turizam u funkciji konkurentnosti Republike Srbije / Urban tourism in the function of competitiveness of the Republic of Serbia. In: V., Bevanda, S. Štetić (eds), International thematic monograph – thematic proceedings: Modern management tools and economy of tourism sector in present era (pp. 161–177). Belgrade: Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Ohrid, Macedonia.
Google Scholar
Podovac, M. (2021). Analysis of the tourists’ motivation for staying in cities: The case study of the city of Belgrade. Anali Ekonomskog fakulteta u Subotici / The Annals of the Faculty of Economics in Subotica, 57 (45), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.5937/AnEkSub2145051P
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/AnEkSub2145051P
Podovac, M., Drpić, D., Milojica, V. (2020). Analysis of tourism supply of the city of Zagreb and perspectives of its future development. Menadžment u hotelijerstvu i turizmu / Hotel and Tourism Management, 8 (1), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.5937/menhottur2001089P
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/menhottur2001089P
Pulido‐Fernández, J.I., Cárdenas‐García, P.J., Carrillo‐Hidalgo, I. (2016). Trip cultural activities and tourism expenditure in emerging urban‐cultural destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 18 (4), 286–296. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2047
Ramadania, R., Al Fatih, Y., Darma, D.C., Fauziah, F. (2021). Millennials and traveling to domestic destination. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 35 (2), 398–405. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35218-664
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35218-664
Rittichainuwat, B., Rattanaphinanchai, S. (2015). Applying a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative design in explaining the travel motivation of film tourists in visiting a film-shooting destination. Tourism Management, 46, 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.06.005
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.06.005
Saayman, M., Saayman, A. (2009). Why travel motivation and socio-demographics matter in managing a national park. Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science, 51 (1), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v51i1.381
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v51i1.381
Šaćirović, D., Bratić, M. (2021). Motivational factors and satisfaction of foreign tourists visiting Belgrade as tourist destination according to their social and demographic characteristics. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30 (4), 4085–4093.
Google Scholar
Šagovnović, I., Kovačić, S. (2021). Influence of tourists’ sociodemographic characteristics on their perception of destination personality and emotional experience of a city break destination. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7 (1), 200–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2020-0105
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2020-0105
Schmöcker, J.D. (2020). Estimation of city tourism flows: Challenges, new data and COVID. Transport Reviews, 41 (2), 137–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2020.1850221
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2020.1850221
Seabra, C., Vicente, M., Silva, C., Abrantes, J.L. (2014). Motivation and involvement in international tourism. International Journal of Multidisciplinarity in Business and Science, 2 (2), 26–33.
Google Scholar
Shoval, N. (2018). Urban planning and tourism in European cities. Tourism Geographies, 20 (3), 371–376. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1457078
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1457078
Šimková, E., Holzner, J. (2014). Motivation of tourism participants. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 159, 660–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.455
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.455
Singh, L., Kumar, K. (2020). Tourist experience in smart city destination of Jaipur (Rajasthan). In: Handbook of Research on Smart Technology Applications in the Tourism Industry (pp. 430–446). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1989-9.ch020
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1989-9.ch020
Smith, M.K., Pinke-Sziva, I., Berezvai, Z., Buczkowska-Gołąbek, K. (2022). The changing nature of the cultural tourist: Motivations, profiles and experiences of cultural tourists in Budapest. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 20 (1–2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2021.1898626
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2021.1898626
Srihadi, T.F., Sukandar, D., Soehadi, A.W. (2016). Segmentation of the tourism market for Jakarta: Classification of foreign visitors’ lifestyle typologies. Tourism Management Perspectives, 19, 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2016.03.005
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2016.03.005
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (2020). Tourist turnover – December 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.stat.gov.rs/oblasti/ugostiteljstvo-i-turizam (11.10.2021).
Google Scholar
Štetić, S., Cvijanović, D., Šimičević, D. (2014). Posebni oblici turizma Dunavskog regiona Srbije. Belgrade: The Institute of Agricultural Economics.
Google Scholar
Tracz, M., Bajgier-Kowalska, M. (2019). Profile of tourists visiting cultural heritage cities: Comparative study of selected cities in Central Europe. Geographia Polonica, 92 (4), 455–468. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0159
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0159
Uysal, H.T., Aydemir, S., Genc, E. (2017). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in 21st century: The examination of vocational differences. In: H. Arapgirlioğlu, A. Atik, R.L. Elliott, E. Turgeon (eds), Researches on Science and Art in 21st Century (pp. 211–227). Ankara: Gece Publishing.
Google Scholar
Van der Borg, J. (2022). Introduction to a research agenda for urban tourism. In: J. Van der Borg (ed.). A research agenda for urban tourism (pp. 1–15). Cheltenham; Northampton (Massachusetts): Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789907407.00006
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789907407
Vareiro, L., Mendes, R. (2019). Travel motivations of the residents of Guimarães. PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 17 (4), 643–653. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2019.17.046
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2019.17.046
Vujičić, M.D., Kennell, J., Morrison, A., Filimonau, V., Štajner Papuga, I., Stankov, U., Vasiljević, D.A. (2020a). Fuzzy modelling of tourist motivation: An age-related model for sustainable, multi-attraction, urban destinations. Sustainability, 12 (20), 8698. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208698
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208698
Vujičić, M.D., Stamenković, I., Stankov, U., Kovačić, S., Vasiljević, Đ.A., Popov-Locke, J. (2020b). What will prevail within citybreak travel, motivation or demotivation?: Case study of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia. Geographica Pannonica, 24 (1), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-22613
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/gp24-22613
Wangari, C. (2017). Understanding the travel motivation among youth travelers in Kenya: The ‘push’ and ‘pull’ paradigm. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6 (1), 1–16.
Google Scholar
Wijaya, S., Wahyudi, W., Kusuma, C.B., Sugianto, E. (2018). Travel motivation of Indonesian seniors in choosing destination overseas. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 12 (2), 185–197. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-09-2017-0095
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-09-2017-0095
Xie, L., Ritchie, B.W. (2019). The motivation, constraint, behavior relationship: A holistic approach for understanding international student leisure travelers. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 25 (1), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717750421
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717750421
Yiamjanya, S., Wongleedee, K. (2014). International tourists’ travel motivation by push-pull factors and the decision making for selecting Thailand as destination choice. International Journal of Social, Education, Economics and Management Engineering, 8 (5), 1326–1331.
Google Scholar
Yoo, C.-K., Yoon, D., Park, E. (2018). Tourist motivation: An integral approach to destination choices. Tourism Review, 73 (2), 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2017-0085
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2017-0085
Yoon, Y., Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management, 26 (1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016
Yousaf, A., Amin, I., C Santos, J.A. (2018). Tourist’s motivations to travel: A theoretical perspective on the existing literature. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 24 (1), 197–211. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.24.1.8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.24.1.8
Yu, J., Kasim, A., Sreenivasan, J., Dzakiria, H., Ul Haq Magray, A. (2020). Exploring destination image, familiarity, information search behaviour, involvement and travel motivation as influencers of ecotourists’ destination loyalty. Turyzm/Tourism, 30 (2), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.30.2.26
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.30.2.26
Zhang, H.Q., Mao, Y., Qu, H. (2004). Motivating factors of domestic urban tourists and potential behavior intentions. In: Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific CHRIE Conference & The Sixth Biennial Conference on Tourism in Asia, 27–29 May (pp. 450–459). Hong Kong: Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
