Constraints to attendance at visitor attractions: the case of museums, zoos and botanic gardens

Authors

  • Marek Nowacki Poznan School of Banking, Institute of Economics

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/tour-2014-0017

Keywords:

visitor attractions, constraints, attendance, segmentation

Abstract

The paper has employed a three-factor model of constraints, which differentiates intrapersonal, interpersonal and structural. The study was carried out on a sample of N = 981 adult residents of Poland. The three most common barriers constraining attendance at attractions were identified: availability, high entrance fees and lack of time. The constraints were found to be related to a number of socio-demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, education, size of place of residence and household income per capita. Three market segments limited by similar constraints and showing similar attraction attendance behaviour were identified with their socio-demographic characteristics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

CRAWFORD D., GODEY G., 1987, Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure, Leisure Sciences, 9, pp. 119-127.
Google Scholar

CRAWFORD D., JACKSON E., GODEY G., 1991, Leisure constraints, Leisure Sciences 13, 4, pp. 309-320.
Google Scholar

DAVIES A.J., PRENTICE R.C., 1995, Conceptualising the Latent Visitor to Heritage Attractions, Tourism Management, 16, 7, pp. 491-500.
Google Scholar

DAVIES S., 2005, Still Popular: Museums and their Visitors 1994- 2004, Cultural Trends, 14, 1, pp. 67-105.
Google Scholar

GODBEY G., 1985, Nonuse of public leisure services: A model, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 3, 2, pp. 1-12.
Google Scholar

JACKSON E.L., 2005, Leisure constraints research: overview of a developing theme in leisure studies, [in:] E.L. Jackson (ed.), Constraints to leisure, Venture Publishing, Inc, State Colledge, Pensylvania, pp. 3-22.
Google Scholar

JACKSON E.L., HENDERSON K.A., 1995, Gender-based analysis of leisure constraints, Leisure Sciences, 17, pp. 31-51.
Google Scholar

JACKSON E.L., SEARLE M.S., 1985, Recreation Non-Participation and Barriers to Participation: Concepts and Models, Society and Leisure, 8, pp. 693-707.
Google Scholar

JUN J., KYLE G., O’LEARY J., 2008, Constraints to Art Museum Attendance, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 26, 1, pp. 40-61.
Google Scholar

KIEŁBASIEWICZ-DROZDOWSKA I., 2001, Zarys rozwoju refleksji teoretycznej nad problematyką rekreacji, [in:] I. Kiełbasiewicz-Drozdowska, W. Siwiński (eds.), Teoria i metodyka rekreacji (zagadnienia podstawowe), AWF w Poznaniu, Poznań, pp. 9-25.
Google Scholar

KOTLER N., KOTLER P., 1998, Museum Strategy and Marketing. Designing Missions. Building Audiences. Generating Revenue and Resources, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco.
Google Scholar

KOTLER N., KOTLER P., 2001, Can Museum be All Things to All People? Missions, Goals, and Marketing’s Role, Museum Management and Curatorship, 18, 3, pp. 271-287.
Google Scholar

KUNICKI B.J., 1984, Społeczne bariery rekreacji fizycznej, Wyd. AWF, Warszawa.
Google Scholar

LIN, Y.N., 2006, Leisure-A function of museums? The Taiwan perspective, Museum Management and Curatorship, 21, 4, pp. 302-316.
Google Scholar

MANNELL R.C., IWASAKI Y., 2005, Advancing quantitative research on social cognitive theories of the constraint-negotiation process, [in:] E.L. Jackson (ed.), Constraints to leisure, Venture Publishing, Inc, State Colledge, Pensylvania, pp. 261-275.
Google Scholar

MCCARVILLE R.E., SMALE B.J.A., 1993, Perceived constraints to leisure participation within five activity domains, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 11, 2, pp. 40-59.
Google Scholar

MCGUIRE F.A., 1984, A factor analytic study of leisure constraints in advanced adulthood, Leisure Sciences, 6, 3, pp. 313-326.
Google Scholar

NADIROVA A., JACKSON, E.L., 1999, How do people negotiate constraints to their leisure? Results from an empirical study, Proceedings of the Ninth Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Acadia University, Wolfville, pp. 28-31.
Google Scholar

SCOTT D., MUNSON, W., 1994, Constraints to park usage among persons who are economically disadvantaged, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 12, 4, pp. 79-96.
Google Scholar

SEARLE M.S., JACKSON E.L., 1985, Socioeconomic variations in perceived barriers to recreation participation among wouldbe participants, Leisure Sciences, 7, 2, pp. 227-249.
Google Scholar

SHAW S.M., HENDERSON K.A., 2005, Gender analysis and leisure constraints: An uneasy alliance, [in:] E.L. Jackson (ed.), Constraints to leisure, Venture Publishing, Inc, State Colledge, Pensylvania, pp. 23-34.
Google Scholar

TIAN S., CROMPTON J., WITT P., 1996, Integrating Constraints and Benefits to Identify Responsive Target Markets for Museum Attractions, Journal of Travel Research, 35, pp. 34-45.
Google Scholar

UM S., CROMPTON J.L., 1992, The Roles of Perceived Inhibitors and Facilitators on Pleasure Travel Destination Decisions, Journal of Ravel Research, 30, pp. 18-25.
Google Scholar

WITT P.A., 1992, The Intersection of Benefits and Constraints, Leisure Constraints Newsletter, 9, pp. 5-6.
Google Scholar

WITT P.A., GOODALE T.L., 1981, The relationships between barriers to leisure enjoyment and family stages, Leisure Sciences, 4, 1, pp. 29-49.
Google Scholar

WOODSIDE A.G., LYSONSKI S., 1989, A General Model of Traveler Destination Choice, Journal of Travel Research, 27, pp. 8-14.
Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2015-11-27

How to Cite

Nowacki, M. (2015). Constraints to attendance at visitor attractions: the case of museums, zoos and botanic gardens. Turyzm/Tourism, 25(1), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.2478/tour-2014-0017

Issue

Section

Articles