The Hymnography in Honour of Saints Constantine and Helena and its Connection with Imperial Ideology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.13.04Keywords:
Byzantine and post-Byzantine hymnography, canons, Menaion, Saint Constantine, Saint Helena, vision of Constantine, foundation of Constantinople, Council of Nicaea, discovery and exaltation of the Holy Cross, Eusebius of Caesarea, Life of Constantine, Tricennial Oration, imperial ideologyAbstract
This article presents an overview of published and unpublished Byzantine and post-Byzantine hymnographic texts dedicated to Saint Constantine, founder of Constantinople and first Byzantine emperor, and his mother Saint Helena. Specifically, we cite and comment upon some indicative passages primarily found in canons of the Matins, which refer to historical events from the lives of the saints and attribute to them, especially to Saint Constantine, virtues such as justice, piety, wisdom, and the defense of the true faith. These qualities are directly associated with the imperial political ideology as this was shaped principally by Eusebius of Caesarea in his works Life of Constantine and Tricennial Oration.
Downloads
References
Eusebius Caesariensis, Über das Leben des Kaiser Konstantins, ed. F. Winkelmann, Berlin 1975 (revised ed. 1992) [= Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten [drei] Jahrhunderte, I.1].
Google Scholar
Eusebius Kaisareias, Eis Kōnstantinon ton Vasilea Triakontaetērikos, ed. I. Heikel, Leipzig 1902.
Google Scholar
Eusebius Kaisareias, Vios Megalou Kōnstantinou, praef., comm. V. Katsaros, trans. G.A. Raptis, Thessalonikē 2011.
Google Scholar
Mēnaia tou olou eniavtou, vol. Ι–VI, En Rōmē 1888–1901.
Google Scholar
Septuaginta, ed. A. Rahlfs, R. Hanhart, Stuttgart 2006.
Google Scholar
Socrates Scholasticus, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. P. Maraval, P. Périchon, Paris 2004–2007 [= Sources chrétiennes, 67].
Google Scholar
Sozomenus, Kirchengeschichte, ed. J. Bidez, G.C. Hansen, Berlin 1960 [= Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten [drei] Jahrhunderte, 50].
Google Scholar
Synaxarium Ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae. E codice Sirmondiano nunc Berolinensi. Adiectis synaxariis selectis, ed. H. Delehaye, Bruxellis 1902 [= Synaxarium ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae: Propylaeum ad Acta sanctorum Novembris].
Google Scholar
Theodoret, Kirchengeschichte, ed. L. Parmentier, F. Scheidweiler, Berlin 1954 [= Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten [drei] Jahrhunderte, 44].
Google Scholar
“Ἁγιορειτική Βιβλιοθήκη” / “Agioreitikē Bibliothēkē”, monthly ecclesiastical journal, vol. 1936–1965.
Google Scholar
Amoiridou E., Flavia Iulia Eleni kai M. Konstantinos: to portraito mias Mēteras, Christianēs kai Rōmaias Avgoustas, [in:] O Megas Kōnstantinos kai ē epochē tou. 1700 chronia apo to diatagma tōn Mediolanōn, Thessalonikē 2020 (forthcoming).
Google Scholar
Athanassiadi P., Ē anodos tēs monodoxias stēn isterē arhaiotēta, Athēna 2018.
Google Scholar
Barnes T.D., Constantine and Eusebius, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1981.
Google Scholar
Beck H.G., Ē vizantinē chilietia, Athēna 2000.
Google Scholar
Bremmer J.N., The Vision of Constantine, [in:] Land of Dreams. Greek and Latin Studies in Honour of A.H.M. Kessels, ed. Α.Η.Μ.Η. Lardinois, M.G.M. van der Poel, V.J.C. Hunink, Brill–Leiden–Boston 2006, p. 57–79, https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047409281_009
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047409281_009
Cameron A., Ē Ιsterē Rōmaiki Aftokratoria (284 AD–430 AD), Athēna 2000.
Google Scholar
Christou P., O vasilevs kai o ierevs eis to Vizantion, “Κληρονομία” / “Klēronomia” 3, 1971, p. 1–25.
Google Scholar
Clark K.W., Checklist of Manuscripts in St. Catherine’s Monastery, Mount Sinai, Washington 1952.
Google Scholar
Dagron G., Emperor and Priest. The Imperial Office in Byzantium, Cambridge 2003 [= Past and Present Publications].
Google Scholar
Dagron G., I gennēsē mias prōtevousas, I Cōnstantinoupolē kai oi thesmi tēs apo to 330 mechri to 451, Athēna 2009.
Google Scholar
Detorakis Th., Vizantinē Hymnographia, Irakleio 1997.
Google Scholar
Drake H., Τhe Emperor as a “Man of God”: the Impact of Constantine the Great’s. Conversion on Roman Ideas of Kingship, “Historia” (Sao Paolo) 35, 2016, p. 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-436920160000000083
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-436920160000000083
Drijvers J.W., Helena Augusta, the Cross and the Myth: Some New Reflections, “Millenium” 8, 2011, p. 125–174, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110236453.125
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110236453.125
Drijvers J.W., The Power of the Cross. Celestial Cross Appearances in the Fourth century, [in:] The Power of Religion in Late Antiquity, ed. Α. Cain, N. Lenski, Farnham 2009, p. 237–248.
Google Scholar
Eustratiades S. – Spyridon (lavreotes), Katalogos tōn kōdikōn tēs Megistēs Lavras tēs en Hagiō Orei, En Kantabrigía 1925 (= “Ἁγιορειτική Βιβλιοθήκη” / “Agioreitikē Bibliothēkē” 2–3).
Google Scholar
Eustratiades S., Hagiologion tēs Orthodoxou Ekklēsias tēs Hellados, Athēna 1995.
Google Scholar
Eustratiades S., Tameion Ekklesiastikēs Poiēseōs, “Εκκλησιαστικός Φάρος” / “Ekklēsiastikos Pharos” 50, 1951, p. 154–155.
Google Scholar
Gardthausen V., Catalogus Codicum Graecorum Sinaiticorum, Oxonii 1886.
Google Scholar
Gassisi S., Innologia Graeca in onore dei SS. Constantino ed Elena, “Rome e l’Oriente” 6, 1913, p. 56–85.
Google Scholar
Gedeon M., Vizantinon Eortologion. Mnēmai tōn apo tou tetartou mechri tōn mesōn tou dekatoupemptou aiōnos eortazomenōn agiōn en Cōnstantinoupolei, Constantinoupolis 1899.
Google Scholar
Getov D., A Catalogue of the Greek Manuscripts at the Ecclesiastical Historical and Archival Institute of the Patriarchate of Bulgaria, vol. II, Turnhout 2014.
Google Scholar
Getov D., Incipitarium for the Apparently Unedited Liturgical Canons, as Contained in the Greek Manuscripts Kept in Bulgarian Libraries, “Bollettino della Badia Greca di Grottaferrata” III, ser. 1, 2004, p. 93–114.
Google Scholar
Glikatzē-ahrweiler H., Ē politikē ideologia tēs Vizantinēs Αftokratorias, Athēna 2007.
Google Scholar
Glikatzē-Ahrweiler H., Giati to Vizantio, Athēna 2009.
Google Scholar
Gordon O., Constantine the Great – Ο Ισαπόστολος, “Црквене студије” / “Crkvene studije” 10, 2013, p. 57–62.
Google Scholar
Hunger H., Prooimion. Elemente der byzantinischen Kaiseridee in den Arengen der Urkunden, Wien 1964 [= Wiener Byzantinistische Studien, 1].
Google Scholar
Hunger H., Vizantinē Logotechnia. Ē Logia Kosmikē Grammateia tōn Vizantinōn, vol. I, Athēna 1991.
Google Scholar
Kadas S.N., Ta simeiōmata tōn chirografōn tēs Hieras Megistēs Monēs Vatopaidiou, Agion Oros 2000.
Google Scholar
Kaldellis A., The Byzantine Republic. People and Power in New Rome, Cambridge, Massachusetts–London 2015, https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674735866
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674735866
Karagiannopoulos I., To Vizantino Kratos, Thessalonikē 2001.
Google Scholar
Karpozilos A., Historikoi kai Chronographoi, vol. I, Athēna 1997.
Google Scholar
Kazhdan A., “Constantin Imaginaire”. Byzantine Legends of the Ninth century about Constantine the Great, “Byzantion” 57, 1987, p. 196–250.
Google Scholar
Kazhdan A., A History of Byzantine History (650–850), Athens 1999.
Google Scholar
Korakides A., Vizantinē hymnographia, vol. I–II, Athēna 2006.
Google Scholar
Kountoura-Galaki H., O Megas Kōnstantinos sto agiologiko ergo tou Kōnstantinou Akropolitē: Ideologikes epanalēpseis kai nees prosegiseis, [in:] Aureus. Afieromatikós tómos ston kathēgētē Eváng, ed. Τ. Κollias, Κ. Pitsakis, C. Sinellis, Αthēna 2014, p. 679–704.
Google Scholar
Lenski N., The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine, Cambridge 2012.
Google Scholar
Lieu S.N.C., Montserrat D., From Constantine to Julian. Pagan and Byzantine Views, London–New York 1996.
Google Scholar
Livanos N., Athōnikes erevnes kai athōnites logioi sto deftero miso tou 19ou kai tis arches tou 20ou aiōna, [in:] To Hagion Oros sta chronia tēs Apeleftherōsis, Thessalonikē 2012, p. 207–219.
Google Scholar
Luzzi A., Da ἐν βασιλεῦσι ἀπόστολος α ἱσαπόστολος tout court. Note sull’ epiteto isapostolos e sulla sua originaria associazione al nome dell’ imperatore Costantino il Grande, [in:] “Ἀνατολὴ καὶ δύσις”. Studi in Memoria di Filippo Burgarella, ed. G. Strano, C. Torre, Roma 2020 [= Testi e Studi Bizantino-Neoellenici, 21], p. 255–277.
Google Scholar
Luzzi A., Il canone di Nicola Malaxos per gli imperatori Constantino ed Elena, [in:] “Alle gentili arti ammaestra”. Studi in Onore di Alkistis Proiou, ed. A. Armati, M. Cerasoli, Chr. Luciani, Roma 2010 [= Testi e Studi Bizantino-Neoellenici, 18], p. 257–291.
Google Scholar
Luzzi A., Il dies festus di Constantin il Grande e di sua madre Elena nei libri liturgici della Chiesa Greca, [in:] Constantin oil Grande dall’ antichita all’ Umanesimo. Colloquio sul cristianesimo nel mondo antico, ed. G. Bonamente, F. Fusco, Macerata 1993, p. 585–643.
Google Scholar
Mango C., Historia tou Vizantiou, Athēna 2006.
Google Scholar
Markopoulos A., Constantine the Great in Macedonian Historiography: Models and Approaches, [in:] New Constantines. The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th centuries. Papers from the Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, ed. P. Magdalino, Aldershot 1994, p. 159–179.
Google Scholar
Moschonas T., Patriarcheion Alexandreias. Katalogoi tēs Patriarchikēs Vivliothiēkēs, vol. I, Cheirógrafa, Alexandreia 1945.
Google Scholar
Omont H., Inventaire sommaire des manuscrits grecs de la Bibliothèque Nationale, vol. I–II, Hildesheim–Zurich–New York 2000.
Google Scholar
The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, vol. I–III, ed. A. Kazhdan et al., New York–Oxford 1991.
Google Scholar
Paidas K.D.S., Ē thematikē tōn vizantinōn Katoptrōn Ēgemonos tēs prōimēs kai mesēs periodou (398–1085), vol. I, Athēna 2017.
Google Scholar
Panagiotopoulos I.A., Oikodomōntas tēn nea monarchia, [in:] The Church in the Age of the Holy Emperor Constantine the Great. Praktika Diethnous Epistimonikou Sinedriou, Beligradi 2013, p. 105–110.
Google Scholar
Papagiannis G., Tziatzi-Papagianni M., Kollias V.-A., Nikolaou A., Observations on the Portrayal of the Ruler in the Novels of Leo VI, “Studia Ceranea” 11, 2021, p. 348–349, https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.11.17
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.11.17
Papailiopoulou-Photopoulou H., Tameion anecdotōn asmatikōn kanonōn, seu Analecta Hymnica Graeca e codicibus eruta Orientis Christiani, I. Kanones Mēnaiōn, Athēna 1996.
Google Scholar
Paschalides S., O ideōdis aftokratoras. O Megas Kōnstantinos stē mesovizantinē hagiologikē grammateia kai politikē ideologia, [in:] Niš and Byzantium. Fifth symposium, Niš, 3.–5. June 2006, ed. Μ. Rakocija, Niš 2007, p. 39–49.
Google Scholar
Paschos P., Hymnographia kai hymnographoi sto Hagion Oros, [in:] Hagion Oros, Phisē-Latreia-Technē, Praktika Sinedriōn eis to plaision tōn parallēlon ekdēloseōn “ Thēsavroi tou Hagiou Orous”, vol. I, Thessalonikē 2001, p. 203–222.
Google Scholar
Patapiou Kafsokalyvitou (Elder), Athōnika Hymnagiologika Meletēmata, Thessalonikē 2014.
Google Scholar
Patapiou Kafsokalyvitou (Elder), Katálogos tōn cheirógrafōn kōdíkōn toú kyriakoú tēs Skētēs Agías Triádos Kafsokalyvíōn, Thessalonikē 2005.
Google Scholar
Patapiou Kafsokalyvitou (Elder), O hagioreitēs logios Kirillos Lavriōtis kai ta anekdota Sinaxaria tou Triōdiou kai tou Pentēkostariou. Simvolē stē meletē tou ergou tou, “Γρηγόριος Παλαμᾶς” / “Grēgorios Palamas” 844, 2012, p. 27–72.
Google Scholar
Pheidas V., Ekklesiastikē Historia, vol. I, Athēna 2002.
Google Scholar
Pratsch T., Konstantin der Große in der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit, [in:] Prosopon Rhomaikon. Ergänzende Studien zur Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit, ed. A. Beihammer, B. Krönung, C. Ludwig, Berlin–Boston 2017, p. 65–83, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110533804-006
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110533804-006
Pucci I., Orientamenti bibliografici inerenti Costantino il Grande, “Porphyra” 2.4, 2005.
Google Scholar
Rapp C., Imperial Ideology in the Making: Eusebius of Caesarea on Constantine as ‘Bishop’, “ The Journal of Theological Studies” 49.2, 1998, p. 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/49.2.685
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/49.2.685
Rapp C., Old Testament Models for Emperors in Early Byzantium, [in:] The Old Testament in Byzantium, ed. P. Magdalino, R. Nelson, Washington 2010, p. 175–197.
Google Scholar
Spanos A., Political Approaches to Byzantine Liturgical Texts, [in:] Approaches to the Text. From Pre-Gospel to Post-Baroque, ed. R. Eriksen, P. Goung, Pisa–Rome 2014, p. 63–81.
Google Scholar
Stratigopoulos D., Entipes akolouthies hagiōn, Athēna 2007.
Google Scholar
Stratigopoulos D., O Nikólaos Malaxós, Prōtopapás Nafplíou kai to syngrafikó tou érgo, Thessalonikē 2008 [= Βυζαντινά Κείμενα καί Μελέται / Vyzantiná Keímena kaí Melétai, 47].
Google Scholar
Stratigopoulos D., Oi hagioi Kōnstantinos kai Elenē stēn Hymnographia, [in:] Niš and Byzantium. Fifth symposium, Niš, 3.–5. une 2006, ed. Μ. Rakocija, Niš 2007, p. 47–54.
Google Scholar
Themeles T.P., Ta mēnaia apo tou 11ou mechri tou 13ou aiōnos, “Εκκλησιαστικός Φάρος” / “Ekklēsiastikos Pharos” 30, 1931, p. 287–312, 348–387, 520–566.
Google Scholar
Tomadakes N.V., Ē vizantinē hymnographia kai poiēsis, Thessalonikē 1993.
Google Scholar
Trempelas P.N., Eklogē Hellinikēs Orthodoxou Hymnographias, Athēna 2007.
Google Scholar
Tzoumerkas N.P., Ta vizantina cheirographa tēs Patriarchikēs Vivliothēkēs Alexandreias, “Εκκλησιαστικός Φάρος” / “Ekklēsiastikos Pharos” 85–86, 2014–2015, p. 297–332.
Google Scholar
Wellesz E., A History of Byzantine Music and Hymnography, Oxford 1961.
Google Scholar
Zervoudaki A., Theophanes o Graptos, Vios kai Ergo (unpublished PhD Thesis, Rethymno 2002).
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.