Rola sił pokojowych ONZ w wojnie w Bośnii Hercegowinie (1992–1995) – wybrane zagadnienia

Sławomir Lucjan Szczesio

doi:10.18778/0208-6050.101.13

Authors

Sławomir Lucjan Szczesio Uniwersytet Łódzki, Wydział Filozoficzno-Historyczny, Instytut Historii, Katedra Historii Polski i Świata po 1945 r.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6050.101.13

Keywords:

disintegration of Yugoslavia, United Nations, UNPROFOR, war in Bosnia and Hercegovina, peace operations

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges for the international community at the beginning of 1990s became an issue of dissolution of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In June 1991, Slovenia and Croatia declared independence, and Yugoslav federation had in fact collapsed. A bloody war broke out in Croatia, and in February 1992 the United Nations Security Council adopted resolution to send the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) to this country.

But soon there appeared a new problem for Europe and America – tensions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia was the most ethnically-mixed republic in Yugoslavia. In March 1992 UNPROFOR headquarters was established in the Bosnian capital – Sarajevo, which was chosen as a neutral location. But in April 1992 tensions in this country exploded into a bloody war. The „blue helmets” tasks were e.g. protection of Sarajevo airport, humanitarian relief convoys and six safe areas, including Srebrenica and Sarajevo. During the war in Bosnia, UNPROFOR had many failures, such as the fall of Srebrenica and the use of soldiers as hostages to protect the Serbs from attacks from NATO air. Eventually, thanks to the active role of the American diplomacy and the success of the Croat-Muslim coalition it was possible to force all parties of the conflict to negotiate the ending of the war in November 1995.

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