The changes in the structure of employment and unemployment in the rural areas of Northern and Western Poland and East Germany
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-1117.13.07Keywords:
rynek pracy, bezrobocie, obszary wiejskie, Polska, Niemcy WschodnieAbstract
As a result of political and economic changes in the labor market in the socialist countries, characterized by a deficiency to 1990 labor market was transformed into a work of insufficient residence in a difficult situation especially in rural areas were the dominance of state-owned farms. The article presents the changes in the structure of employment and unemployment in the rural areas of Northern and Western Poland and East Germany. Comparative analysis of the structure of regional disparities in employment and unemployment in the years 2003–2010 shows the following regularity. Both the Northern and Western Poland and in Eastern Germany progressing economy, the reduction of employment in agriculture, industry and construction in favor of the service sector. In 2010, the employment structure dominated by the service sector and construction industry and, with the share of employment in services in East Germany is much higher (67,1%) than in Northern Poland and Western Europe (40,1%). Based on the participation of employees in the various economic sectors distinguished Polish rural areas of Northern and Western six types of employment, and in East Germany two: industrial and commercial (IV) and tertiary (V). This distinction stems from the large share of employment in services in Germany and in agriculture in Poland. Comparing the regional differences in the unemployment rate in Northern and Western Poland in 2010, it is noted that the minimum value of unemployment in Northern and Western Poland (2,3%) are below the regional minimum recorded in East Germany (7,6%). Analysis of changes in Polish unemployment rate of North and West in the years 2003– 2010 showed greater diversity and intensity of spatial processes. There was a significant polarization of socio-economic structures in comparison with 2002. Deepening polarization processes lead to the isolation of the areas of growth and areas of stagnation.References
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