Development of long bones of human extremities in fetal period

Authors

  • Bronisław Młodziejowski Zakład Antropologii IB UAM w Poznaniu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.41.2.08

Abstract

The author has examined 235 human fetuses (123 males and 112 females) in the age from 4 to 10 lunar months. Following long bones of extremities were dissected: femur, tibia, fibula, humerus radius and ulna, moreover the author examined scapula and clavicle. Measurements taken on the bones considered also their unossified parts. Arithmetic means and other statistical characteristics of measurements are tabulated with respect to age of fetuses.

Downloads

References

Balthazard V., et Dervieux, Ann. Med. leg., 1921, 1, 37-42.
View in Google Scholar

Bauer O. H. K., Anthrop. Anz., 1940, 17, 77-102.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00094056.1940.10725455

Bochenek A., Reicher M., Anatomia człowieka, PZWL, Warszawa, 1954.
View in Google Scholar

Bożiłow W., Sawicki K., Wich J., Mat. Prac. Antr., 1969, 77.
View in Google Scholar

Bożiłow W., Sawicki K., Mat. Prac. Antr., 1970, 79.
View in Google Scholar

Brookes M., J. Anat., 1958, 92, 261-276.
View in Google Scholar

Burtscher H., Z. Anat., 1877, 2, 357-374.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.872.374

Dega W., Przegl. Antrop., 1933, t. VII.
View in Google Scholar

Dega W., Chir. Narz. Ruchu i Ortop. Polska, 1932, z. 2, 161-296.
View in Google Scholar

Dega W., Różnice płciowe w budowie miednicy, kości udowych i stawów biodrowych płodów ludzkich, Praca wydana z zasiłku Senatu Uniw. Pozn., Poznań, 1933.
View in Google Scholar

Fazekas I. Gy., Kosa F., Dtsch. Z. ges. ger. Med., 1967, 60, 149-162.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01341917

Fazekas I. Gy., Kosa F., Acta Med. leg. Soc., 1966, 19, 135.
View in Google Scholar

Fazekas I. Gy., Kosa F., Dtsch. Z. ges. ger. Med., 1966, 58, 142-160.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580420

Fehling H., Arch. f. Gynäkologie, 1876, t. 10, z. I, 1-80.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01795725

Friedländer F., Zeitschrift f. orth. Chir., 1901, t. 9.
View in Google Scholar

Follak O., Gerstenberger J., Przegl. Antrop., 1928, t. III, 3-4.
View in Google Scholar

Gardner E., Gray D. J., Am. J. Anat., 1970, vol. 129.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001290202

Gardner E., Gray D. J., Am. J. Anat., 1950, 87, 163-212.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000870202

Gardner E., Osteogenesis in the human embryo and fetus, W: The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, Academic Press, New York, 1956.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4832-3286-7.50017-8

Gengenbach A., Zbl. Gynäk., 1932, 56, 972-975.
View in Google Scholar

Giordano A., Virchow Arch. Path. Anat., 1938, 301, 380-385.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595090

Godycki M., Zarys antropometrii, PWN, Warszawa, 1956.
View in Google Scholar

Graf P., Bruns Beitr. z. klin. Chir., 1909, t. 64.
View in Google Scholar

Gray D. J., Gardner E., Am. J. Anat., 1950, 86, 235-288.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000860204

Gray D. J., Gardner E., Am. J. Anat., 1969, 124, 431-446.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001240403

Hueter C., Virchows Arch. Path. Anat., 1863, 26.
View in Google Scholar

Jackson C. M., Am. J. Anat., 1909, 9, 119-166.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000090106

Karpf M., Zeitschrift f. Anat. u. Entwick., 1967, 126, 1-30.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00531073

Keith A., Human Embryology and Morphology, London, 1948.
View in Google Scholar

Key-Alberg A., Vjschr. gerichtl. Med., 1917, III, 53, 206-211.
View in Google Scholar

Kontsek B., Anthrop. Anz., 1940, 17, 103-154.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14753825012331361956

Kosa F., Fazekas I. Gy., Zacchia, 1972, 3, 445-456.
View in Google Scholar

Krukierek S., Przegl. Antrop., 1955, 21, 1058-1068.
View in Google Scholar

Kugler, Arch. Klaus-Stift. Vererb. Forsch., 1931, 6, z. 4.
View in Google Scholar

Landois Le, Virchows Arch. Path. Anat., 1869, 45, 77.
View in Google Scholar

Langer K., Denkschr. Ksl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. math. nat. KL, 1872, 31, 1.
View in Google Scholar

Latimer H. B., Anat. Rec., 1965, 153, 421-428.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091530412

Latimer H. B., Growth, 1948, 12, 133-144.
View in Google Scholar

Lippert H., Z. Morph. Anthrop., 1963, 53, 229-295.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00573391

Lippert H., Anat. Anz., 1961, 169, 117-129.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1961.tb07085.x

Malinowski A., Przegl. Antrop., 1971, t. 37, z. 1-2.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(71)90675-X

Mall F. P., Die Alterbestimmung von menschlichen Embryonen und Feten, Handbuch der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen, Leipzig, 1910.
View in Google Scholar

Maresh M. M., Am. J. Dis. Child, 1955, 89, 725-742.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1955.02050110865010

Martin R., Saller K., Lehrbuch der Anthropologie, Stuttgart, 1958.
View in Google Scholar

Michaelis P., Arch. Gynäk., 1900, 78.
View in Google Scholar

Nauck E. T., Morph. Jb., 1931, 66, 65-195.
View in Google Scholar

Nishizuka T., Z. Morph. Anthrop., 1925, 25, 1-90.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1113499

Olivier G., Pineau H., Arch. Anat. (Sem. Hóp.), 1958, 6, 21-28.
View in Google Scholar

Olivier G., Pineau H., Ann. Méd. leg., 1960, 40, 141-144.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/40.2.144

Pavlov S., Petrov I., Gegenbaurs morph. Jahrb., 1971, 117, 2, 145-161.
View in Google Scholar

Petrov I., Pavlov S., Folia Medica, 1966, t. 8, fasc. 4.
View in Google Scholar

Petrov I., Travaux scientifiques, 1972, vol. 10, fasc. 3.
View in Google Scholar

Petrov I., Travaux scientifiques, 1972, vol. 10, fasc. 1.
View in Google Scholar

Petrov I., Natura, 1972, t. 2, nr. 5.
View in Google Scholar

Retzius G., Biol. Untersuch., 1904, 11, 33-76.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lipi.19040110207

Robb R., Clark J., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol., 1934, 31, 634-636.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-31-7255C

Scammon R. E., Calkins L., Growth in the Fetal Period, Minneapolis, 1949.
View in Google Scholar

Scammon R. E., Calkins L., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 1924, 22, 157-161.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-22-79

Scammon R. E., Calkins L., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 1924, 21, 549-551.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-21-276

Scammon R. E., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 1926, 23, 809-811.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-23-3179

Scammon R. E., Anat. Rec., 1937, 68, 221-225.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090680207

Schultz H. A., Hum. Biol., 1930, 2, 303, 438.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1436471

Schultz H. A., Quart. Rev. Biol., 1926, 1, 465-521.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/394257

Schulz D. M., Giordano D. A., Schulz D. H., Arch. Path., 1962, 74, 244-250.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19620740725

Stachura D., Przegl. Antrop., 1974, t. 40, z. 2.
View in Google Scholar

Thomson A., Journ. of. Anat. and Physiol., 1899, 33.
View in Google Scholar

Toldt C., Prag. med. Wschr., 1879, 121.
View in Google Scholar

Trolle D., Acta Obstet. Gynaec. Scan., 1948, 27, 327-337.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/00016344709156316

Trotter M. i wsp., Growth, 1970, 3, 34, 283-292.
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1942.00021962003400030018x

Wich J., Przegl. Antrop., 1969, t. 35, z. 2.
View in Google Scholar

Zangenmeister W., Z. Geburtsch. Gynäk., 1911, 69, 127.
View in Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

1975-12-30

How to Cite

Młodziejowski, B. (1975). Development of long bones of human extremities in fetal period. Anthropological Review, 41(2), 239–254. https://doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.41.2.08

Issue

Vol. 41 No. 2 (1975)

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Crossref
0
Scopus
0
Google Scholar
Europe PMC