Odontological analysis of Polish children with unilateral cleft lip and palate

Piotr Sękowski; Elżbieta Żądzińska; Elżbieta Pawłowska; Aneta Sitek; Bogusław Antoszewski

doi:10.2478/anre-2019-0007

Authors

Piotr Sękowski Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
Elżbieta Żądzińska Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland; Visiting research fellowship in Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia
Elżbieta Pawłowska Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
Aneta Sitek Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
Bogusław Antoszewski Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/anre-2019-0007

Keywords:

teeth, odontometry, anthropometry, oral malformations

Abstract

Tooth size, being the effect of interaction of genetic and prenatal factors, could be of importance in interpreting the multifactor causes of cleft lip/palate. Publications indicating decreased tooth parameters, no dental differences, or larger dimensions of teeth in cleft lip/palate patients. Researchers report mostly mesiodistal (MD) measurements of maxillary (affected) teeth. There is a lack of data for buccolingual (BL) diameters. Both MD and BL parameters have influence on the planning and performance of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this paper was to assess differences in mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth dimensions in Polish children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in comparison to patients without oral clefts. A total of 1883 permanent teeth, 1182 teeth of UCLP patients and 701 teeth of healthy participants were analyzed. Tooth diameters were performed using an orthodontic cast of dentition with a digital odontometer. The greatest anomalies were found in both maxillary canines and consisted of their reduced mesiodistal dimension and increased buccolingual dimension, resulting in a pathologically high crown shape index (BL/MD). Conclusion can be drawn that unilateral cleft lip and palate is a condition that causes morphological disturbances of varying severity in most mandibular and maxillary teeth both on the cleft and non-cleft sides.

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Author Biography

Aneta Sitek, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland

Aneta Sitek, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland

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