Odpowiedzialność za wydanie i wykonanie rozkazu

Maciej Czerwiński

doi:10.18778/0208-6069.74.09

Autor

Maciej Czerwiński Pomorska Izba Adwokacka w Gdańsku

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.74.09

Słowa kluczowe:

command responsibility, superior order defence, respondeat superior, absolute liability, execution of orders

Abstrakt

‘On the issue of responsibility for issuance and execution of an order’ is the study dedicated to an important, although little explored in Polish conditions, problem of orders. The complexity, due to a different basis of liability and its multi-subject, is presented according to two aspects. The first one is liability for issuing the order, the other is liability for enforcement of the order. Due to the strict bound of basic issues related to the matter of responsibility for the issuance and enforcement of the order with criminal responsibility, the article is recognized from an international legal and criminal standpoint, shown mainly on the basis of the jurisprudence of international tribunals. A general emphasis is put on a discussion and familiarization with matters relating to the fields of command responsibility and superior order defense, which are the essential notions concerning matters of individual responsibility for the issuance and enforcement of orders.

Pobrania

Brak dostępnych danych do wyświetlenia.

Bibliografia

Bassiouni Cherif. 1996. International Crimes: Ius Cogens And Obligatio Erga Omnes. W 59 Law & Contemporary Problems, 63-74. Duke University School of Law.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1192190

Bassiouni Cherif , Manikas Peter. 1996. The Law of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yogoslavia. Commentaries on the Statut and Rules. New York: Transnational Publishers.
Google Scholar

Bijnkershoek Cornelius. 2008. A treatise on the law of war. New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange Ltd.
Google Scholar

Culter Claire. 1991. The “Grotian Tradition” in International Relations”. Review of International Studies 17: 41-65.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210500112318

Eser Albin. 1996. “Defences” in Strafverfahren wegen Kriegsverbrechen. W Festschrift für Otto Triffterer zum 65. Geburtstag, 761. Springer Verlag.
Google Scholar

Greenspan Morris. 1959. The Modern Law of Land Warfare. California: University of California Press .
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520345898

Hinek Silva. 2005. „The Superior Order Defence: Embraces at Last?”. The New Zeland Postgraduates Law E-Journal 2: 20.
Google Scholar

Kelsen Hans. 1943. “Collective and Individual Responsibility in International Law with Particular Regard to the Punishment of War Criminals”. California Law Review 31: 556 i n.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3477207

Kittichaisaree Kriangsak. 2001. International Criminal Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar

Lippman Matthew. 2001. “Humanitarian Law: the Development and Scope of the Superior Order Defence”. Penn State International Law Review 20: 178 i n.
Google Scholar

Majewski Jarosław. 2006. Komentarz do art. 278-363 k.k. W Kodeks karny. Część szczególna, t. III, red. Zoll Andrzej, 1119. Kantor Wydawniczy Zakamycze.
Google Scholar

Marek Andrzej. 2010. Kodeks karny. Komentarz. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwers SA.
Google Scholar

Mitchell Andrew. 2000. “Failure to Halt, Prevent or Punish: The Doctrine of Command Responsibility for War Crimes”. The Sydney Law Review 20.
Google Scholar

Oppenheim Lass. 1906. International Law: A Treatise vol. II: War and Neutrality. London, New York and Bombay: Green and Co.
Google Scholar

Parks William. 1973. “Command Responsibility for War Crimes”. Military Law Review 62: 32
Google Scholar

Sadat Leila Nadya. 2002. The International Criminal Court and the transformation of international law: justice for the new millennium. New York :Transnational Publishers Inc.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004479739

Timothy Wu & Yong-Sung King. 1997. “Criminal Liability for the Actions of Subordinates. The Doctrine of Command Responsibility and its Analogues in United States Law”. Harvard International Law Journal 38: 290
Google Scholar

Warylewski Jarosław. 2009. Prawo karne. Część ogólna. Warszawa: Lexis Nexis.
Google Scholar

Zajadło Jerzy. 2008. Fascynujące ścieżki filozofii prawa. Warszawa: Lexis Nexis
Google Scholar

Zajadło Jerzy, Zajadło Paulina. 2008. “ Na marginesie wydarzeń w Nangar Khel: respondeat superior”. Gdańskie Studia Prawnicze 1: 66.
Google Scholar

Ziewiński Jan. 1986. Rozkaz wojskowy w prawie karnym. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej.
Google Scholar

Zoll Andrzej. 2004. Kodeks karny. Część ogólna. Komentarz. Tom I. Kraków: Zakamycze.
Google Scholar