Publishing Shakespeare in India: Macmillan’s English Classics and the Aftereffects of a Colonial Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/2083-8530.27.04Keywords:
Kenneth Deighton, William Shakespeare, postcolonial, colonialism, Merchant of Venice, Othello, The Tempest, Macmillan, English Classics, resistance, race, publishing, translation, book history, IndiaAbstract
India’s rejection of Macmillan’s English Classics series constitutes an important counter-origin that exposes and dismantles underlying assumptions about how colonial Indian readers valued and consumed Shakespeare. In this paper, I examine the failure of Macmillan’s English Classics series to bring about Indian assimilation to British values. I specifically consider Kenneth Deighton’s Shakespeare editions in the series and argue that Deighton’s Shakespeare attempted to utilize its extensive explanatory notes as a primer on Englishness for Indians. The pedantic notes, as well as the manner in which the texts were appropriated into Indian educational systems, were determining factors in their ultimate failure to gain widespread popularity in the colony. The imperial agenda that insists upon one dominant, valid discourse led to Macmillan misreading the market and misreading an already viable field of Shakespeare studies in India. Reflecting on narratives and histories surrounding the origins of Shakespeare studies in India, as well as how Shakespeare’s works were produced for the colonies and the way in which they were duly rejected, reveals how exchanges of power and capital between metropole and colony shape Western systems just as heavily as they do others.
Downloads
References
Alexander, Catherine M. S., and Stanley Wells, eds. Shakespeare and Race. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Google Scholar
Altick, Richard D. “From Aldine To Everyman: Cheap Reprint Series Of The English Classics, 1830-1906.” Studies In Bibliography 11 (1958): 3-24. MLA Inter-national Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Banerji, Rangana. “‘Every College Student Knows By Heart:’ The Uses Of Shakespeare In Colonial Bengal.” The Shakespearean International Yearbook. London: Routledge, 2012. 29-42
Google Scholar
Bayer, Mark. “Henry Norman Hudson and the Origins of American Shakespeare Studies.” Shakespeare Quarterly 68.3 (2017): 271–95. JSTOR.
Google Scholar
Brydon, Diana. “Re-writing The Tempest.” World Literature Written in English 23.1 (1984): 75-88. Web. 29 March 2016.
Google Scholar
Catalogue of the Publications and Importations of the Macmillan Company. New York: Macmillan, 1907.
Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Rimi B. “How India Took to the Book: British Publishers at Work under the Raj.” Les Mutations Du Livre Et De L’édition Dans Le Monde Du Xviiie Siècle À L’an 2000: Actes Du Colloque International Sherbrooke 2000. Eds. Jacques Michon and Jean-Yves Mollier, Sainte Foy, Qébec: Presses de l’Université Laval, 2001. 100-121.
Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Rimi B. “Macmillan in India: A Short Account of the Company’s Trade with the Sub-Continent.” Macmillan: A Publishing Tradition. Ed. Elizabeth James, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. 153-69.
Google Scholar
Cunningham, Karen. “Shakespeare, The Public, And Public Education.” Shakespeare Quarterly 49.3 (1998): 293-298. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Ganapathy-Doré, Geetha. “Shakespeare In Rushdie/Shakespearean Rushdie.” Atlantis: Revista De La Asociación Española De Estudios Ingleses Y Norteamericanos 31.2 (2009): 9-22. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Ghosh, Anindita. “An Uncertain ‘Coming Of The Book:’ Early Print Cultures In Colonial India.” Book History 6 (2003): 23-55. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Hendricks, Margo. “Surveying ‘Race’ in Shakespeare.” Shakespeare and race. Eds. Catherine M. S. Alexander and Stanley Wells. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 1-22.
Google Scholar
Holmer, Joan Ozark. “The Education Of The Merchant Of Venice.” SEL: Studies In English Literature, 1500-1900 25.2 (1985): 307-335. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Hudson, Henry Norman. Shakespeare: His Life, Art, and Characters. Boston: Ginn & Company, 1872.
Google Scholar
Joshi, Priya. “Culture And Consumption: Fiction, The Reading Public, And The British Novel In Colonial India.” Book History 1 (1998): 196-220. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Loomba, Ania. “‘Delicious Traffick:’ Racial and Religious Differences on Early Modern Stages.” Shakespeare and race. Eds. Catherine M. S. Alexander and Stanley Wells. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 203-24.
Google Scholar
Lynch, Jack. Becoming Shakespeare. New York: Walker & Company, 2007.
Google Scholar
“Macmillan Publishers Ltd.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 2016. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Web. 8 May 2018.
Google Scholar
Marcus, Leah S. How Shakespeare Became Colonial: Editorial Tradition and the British Empire. New York: Routledge, 2017.
Google Scholar
Murphy, Andrew. Shakespeare in Print: A History and Chronology of Shakespeare Publishing. 2nd ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
Google Scholar
Panofsky, Ruth. “One Series after Another: The Macmillan Company of Canada.” The Culture Of The Publisher’s Series, Volume Two: Nationalisms And The National Canon. Ed. John Spiers, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 184-98.
Google Scholar
Scheil, Katherine. “Women Reading Shakespeare in the Outpost: Rural Reading Groups, Literary Culture and Civic Life in America.” Readings on Audience and Textual Materiality. Eds. Graham Allen, Carrie Griffin, and Mary O’Connell, London: Pickering & Chatto, 2011. 91-9.
Google Scholar
Sengupta, Parna. “An Object Lesson In Colonial Pedagogy.” Comparative Studies In Society And History 45.1 (2003): 96-121. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Sirkin, Gerald, and Natalie Robinson Sirkin. “The Battle Of Indian Education: Macaulay’s Opening Salvo Newly Discovered.” Victorian Studies: A Journal Of The Humanities, Arts And Sciences 14 (1971): 407-428. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Charlotte Whipple Underwood. New York: Macmillan & Co., 1899.
Google Scholar
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Kenneth Deighton. London: Macmillan & Co., 1890.
Google Scholar
Shakespeare, William. Othello: The Moor of Venice. Ed. Kenneth Deighton. London: Macmillan & Co., 1890.
Google Scholar
Shakespeare, William. The Tempest. Ed. Kenneth Deighton. London: Macmillan & Co., 1890.
Google Scholar
Smith, Ian. “We Are Othello: Speaking of Race in Early Modern Studies.” Shakespeare Quarterly 67.1 (2016): 104-124. JSTOR.
Google Scholar
Stephenson, Adam. “The Whig Interpretation Of History Applied To The Empire: Macaulay’s Minute On Indian Education.” Cercles: Revue Pluridisciplinaire Du Monde Anglophone 24 (2012): 29-45. MLA International Bibliography.
Google Scholar
Towheed, Shafquat. “Negotiating the List: Launching Macmillan’s Colonial Library and Author Contracts.” The Culture Of The Publisher’s Series, Volume Two: Nationalisms And The National Canon. Ed. John Spiers. New York: Palgrave Macmillian, 2011. 134-51.
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2023-12-20 (2)
- 2023-11-23 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.