Aspirations and Networks of Italian Migrants to Bogota. A Typology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.21.1.01Keywords:
Aspirations, Mediators, Migration, Italy, Bogota, TypologyAbstract
This paper aims to understand the individual and relational motives supporting migration from Italy to Bogota. Our concern is to achieve a nuanced understanding of how aspirations, on the one hand, and social networks, on the other, shape migratory decisions and structure in broader migration patterns. To do this, we chose a qualitative approach based on narrative interviews with Italians living in Bogota, which were selected through snowball sampling. As a result, we produced a typology of five different migration pathways: globetrotters aspiring to international mobility with no mediators supporting their process of continuous migration; careerists who accept moving on demand of their company for advancing their career supported by professional mediators; risk-takers aspiring to professional independence and supported in their entrepreneurial project by weak ties; tied migrants aspiring to better family quality of life and supported by strong familial ties; and exiled migrants who find a refuge from the difficulties they encounter in Italy and supported by strong professional ties.
Downloads
References
Armano, Emiliana and Annalisa Murgia, eds. 2014. Generazione precaria: Nuovi lavori e processi di soggettivazione [Precarious Generation: New Jobs and Processes of Subjectivation]. Bologna: I Libri di Emil.
Google Scholar
Barbieri, Paolo and Stefani Scherer. 2009. “Labour Market Flexibilization and Its Consequences in Italy.” European Sociological Review 3:677-692.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcp009
Bauder, Harald, Charity-Ann Hannan, and Omar Lujan. 2016. “International Experience in the Academic Field: Knowledge Production, Symbolic Capital, and Mobility Fetishism.” Population, Space, and Place 23(6):e2040.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2040
Benson, Michaela. 2015. “Lifestyle Migration: From the State of the Art to the Future of the Field.” Two Homelands 42:9-23.
Google Scholar
Benson, Michaela and Karen O’Reilly. 2009. “Migration and the Search for a Better Way of Life: A Critical Exploration of Lifestyle Migration.” The Sociological Review 57:608-625.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2009.01864.x
Benson, Michaela and Karen O’Reilly. 2015. “From Lifestyle Migration to Lifestyle in Migration: Categories, Concepts, and Ways of Thinking.” Migration Studies 4(1):20-37.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnv015
Benson, Michaela and Nick Osbaldiston. 2014. “New Horizons in Lifestyle Migration Research: Theorizing Movement, Settlement, and the Search for a Better Way of Life.” Pp. 1-25 in Understanding Lifestyle Migration. Theoretical Approaches to Migration and the Quest for a Better Way of Life, edited by M. Benson and N. Osbaldiston. London: Palgrave.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137328670_1
Carling, Jørgen and Francis Collins. 2018. “Aspiration, Desire, and Drivers of Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):909-926.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384134
Carling, Jørgen and Kerylin Schewel. 2018. “Revisiting Aspiration and Ability in International Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):945-963.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384146
Clerge, Orly et al. 2017. “‘I Would Really Like to Go Where You Go’: Rethinking Migration Decision-Making among Educated Tied Movers.” Population, Space & Place 23(2):1-12.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1990
Cohen, Scott A., Tara Duncan, and Maria Thulemark. 2013. “Lifestyle Mobilities: The Crossroads of Travel, Leisure, and Migration.” Mobilities 10(1):155-172.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.826481
Collins, Francis L. 2017. “Desire as a Theory for Migration Studies: Temporality, Assemblage, and Becoming in the Narratives of Migrants.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):964-980.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384147
Czaika, Mathias and Constantin Reinprecht. 2022. “Migration Drivers: Why Do People Migrate?” Pp. 49-82 in Introduction to Migration Studies, edited by P. Scholten. Cham: Springer.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92377-8_3
Delanty, Gerard. 2006. “The Cosmopolitan Imagination: Critical Cosmopolitanism and Social Theory.” The British Journal of Sociology 57:25-47.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2006.00092.x
Düvell, Franck and Carlotta Preiss. 2022. “Migration Infrastructures: How Do People Migrate?” Pp. 83-98 in Introduction to Migration Studies. An Interactive Guide to the Literatures on Migration and Diversity, edited by P. Scholten. Cham: Springer.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92377-8_4
Elliott, Anthony and John Urry. 2010. Mobile Lives. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203887042
Erlinghagen, Marcel. 2021. “Love in Motion: Migration Patterns of Internationally Mobile Couples.” Population, Space & Place 27(2):e2382.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2382
Gadamer, Hans G. 1975. Truth and Method. New York: Seabury Press.
Google Scholar
Giulietti, Corrado, Jackline Wahba, and Yves Zenou. 2018. “Strong Versus Weak Ties in Migration.” European Economic Review 104:111-137.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.02.006
Glaser, Barney S. and Anselm L. Strauss. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Aldershot: Aldine.
Google Scholar
Glick-Schiller, Nina and Noel B. Salazar. 2012. “Regimes of Mobility Across the Globe.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 39(2):183-200.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2013.723253
Gu, Chien-Ju. 2012. “Contextualizing Vocabularies of Motive in International Migration: The Case of Taiwanese in the United States.” International Migration 52(2):158-177.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2011.00729.x
Hannerz, Ulf. 1990. “Cosmopolitans and Locals in World Culture.” Theory, Culture and Society 7:237-251.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/026327690007002014
Jensen, Peter and Peder J. Pedersen. 2007. “To Stay or Not to Stay? Out-Migration of Immigrants from Denmark.” International Migration 45(5):87-112.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2007.00428.x
Maddaloni, Domenico and Angela Delli Paoli. 2023. “Determinantes e infraestructuras de la migración: el papel de los mediadores y las redes en la migración italiana a Bogotá [Determinants and Infrastructures of the Migration: The role of Mediators and Networks in the Italian Migration to Bogota].” Cultura latinoamericana 37(1):127-146.
Google Scholar
Massey, Douglas et al. 1993. “Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal.” Population and Development Review 19(3):431-466.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2938462
Meyer, Frank. 2018. “Navigating Aspirations and Expectations: Adolescents’ Considerations of Outmigration from Rural Eastern Germany.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):1032-1049.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384163
Montesperelli, Paolo. 1998. L’intervista ermeneutica [The Hermeneutic Interview]. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
Google Scholar
Przytuła, Sylwia. 2015. “Migrants, Assigned Expatriates (AE), and Self-Initiated Expatriates (SIE)—Differentiation of Terms and Literature-Based Research Review.” Journal of Intercultural Management 7(2):89-111.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/joim-2015-0012
Ray, Debraj. 2006. “Aspirations, Poverty, and Economic Change.” Pp. 409-421 in Aspirations, Poverty, and Economic Change, edited by A. V. Banerjee, R. Bénabou, and D. Mookherjee. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0195305191.003.0028
Salazar, Noel B. 2011. “The Power of Imagination in Transnational Mobilities.” Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 18(6):576-598.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2011.672859
Salazar, Noel B. 2014. “Migrating Imaginaries of a Better Life ... Until Paradise Finds You.” Pp. 119-138 in Understanding Lifestyle Migration, edited by D. Benson and N. Osbaldiston. London: Palgrave.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137328670_6
Schapendonk, Joris. 2015. “What if Networks Move? Dynamic Social Networking in the Context of African Migration to Europe.” Population, Space, and Place 21(8):809-819.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1860
Schapendonk, Joris. 2018. “Navigating the Migration Industry: Migrants Moving through an African-European Web of Facilitation/Control.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44:663-679.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1315522
Scheibelhofer, Elisabeth. 2018. “Shifting Migration Aspirations in Second Modernity.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):999-1014.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384151
Silverman, David. 2010. Doing Qualitative Research: A Practical Handbook. 4th edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Google Scholar
Silverman, David. 2015. Interpreting Qualitative Data. 5th edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Google Scholar
Silvey, Rachel. 2004. “Power, Difference, and Mobility: Feminist Advances in Migration Studies.” Progress in Human Geography 28(4):490-506.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1191/0309132504ph490oa
Timmerman, Christiane, Kenneth Hemmerechts, and Marie-Lou De Clerck. 2014. “The Relevance of a ‘Culture of Migration’ in Understanding Migration Aspirations in Contemporary Turkey.” Turkish Studies 15(3):496-518.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2014.954748
Urry, John. 2002. “Mobility and Proximity.” Sociology 36(2):255-274.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038502036002002
Van Hear, Nicholas, Olivia Bakewell, and Katy Long. 2018. “Push-Pull Plus: Reconsidering the Drivers of Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44(6):927-944.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384135
Verwiebe, Roland et al. 2010. “Skilled German Migrants and Their Motives for Migration within Europe.” Journal of International Migration and Integration 11:273-293.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-010-0141-9
Xiang, Biao and Johann Lindquist. 2014. “Migration Infrastructure.” International Migration Review 48:S122-S148.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/imre.12141
Zapata-Barrero, Ricard and Evren Yalaz, eds. 2018. Qualitative Research in European Migration Studies. Cham: Springer.
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76861-8
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.