Funkcjonalno-adaptacyjne uwarunkowania zmienności morfologicznej twarzy australopiteków

Katarzyna A. Kaszycka

doi:10.18778/1898-6773.57.1-2.05

Authors

Katarzyna A. Kaszycka Department of Anatomy and Human Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road,“Parktown 2193, South Africa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.57.1-2.05

Abstract

It has been demonstrated in this paper that the australopithecine species differ in the morphology of their faces [Rak 1983], tooth sizes and proportions, and microscopic dental wear patterns, which are undoubtedly related to dietary habits [Grine, Kay 1988; Kay, Grine 1988]. Changes in diet created'stresses in the face because of the forces connected with chewing actions and powerful masticatory muscles, and the data seem to support the stress hypothesis. Moreover, allometric interpretations have failed to explain these different morphologies.

Therefore, it seems reasonable to conclude that morphological differences within the australopithecine faces reflect distinct functional adaptations, i.e., dietary adaptations, and these differences are responses to stress caused by changes in diet.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Brown, F.H., C.S. Feibel, 1988, "Robust" hominids and Plio-Plcistocene paleogeography of the Turkana Basin, Kenya and Ethiopia, [w:] Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines, F.E. Grine (Ed.), Aldine de Gruyter, New York, 325-341
View in Google Scholar

Corruccini R.S., R.L. Ciochon, 1979, Primate facial allometry and interpretations of Australopithecine variation, Nature, 281, 62-64
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/281062a0

Grine F.E., 1981, Trophic differences between "gracile" and "robust" Australopithecines: A scanning electron microscope analysis of occlusal events, South Afr. J. Sci., 77, 203-230
View in Google Scholar

Grine F.E., R.F. Kay, 1988, Early hominid diets from quantitative image analysis of dental microwear, Nature, 333, 765-768
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/333765a0

Kay R.F., 1985, Dental evidence of the diet of Australopithecus, Ann. Rev. Anthrop., 14, 315-341
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.14.100185.001531

Kay R.F., F.E., Grine, 1988, Tooth morphology, wear and diet in Australopithecus and Paranthropus from Southern Africa, [w:] Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecines, F.E. Grine (Ed.), Aldine de Gruyter, New York, 427-447
View in Google Scholar

Lucas P.W., R.T. Corlett, D.A. Luke, 1985, Plio-Pleistocene hominid diets: An approach combining masticatory and ecological analysis, J. Hum. Evol., 14, 187-202
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2484(85)80006-3

McKee J.K., 1989, Australopithecine anterior pillars: reassessment of the functional morphology and phylogenetic relevance, Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 80, 1-9
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330800102

Peters C.R., 1981, Robust vs. gracile early hominid masticatory capabilities: The advantages of the mega-donts, [w:] The Perception of Evolution, L. Mai et al. (Eds.), Anthrop. UCLA, 7, 161-181
View in Google Scholar

Rak Y., 1983, The Australopithecine Face, Academic Press, New York
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-576280-9.50006-7

Robinson J.T., 1954, Prehominid dentition and hominid evolution, Evolution, 8, 324-334
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1954.tb01499.x

Robinson J.T., 1972, Early Hominid Posture and Locomotion, University of Chicago Press, Chicago- London
View in Google Scholar

Teaford M.F., 1985, Molar microwear and diet in the genus Cebus, Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 66, 363-370
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330660403

Teaford M.F., A.C. Walker, 1984, Quantitative differences in dental microwear between primate species with different diets and a comment on the presumed diet of Sivapithecus, Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 64, 191-200
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330640213

Vrba E.S., 1985, Early hominids in Southern Africa: Updated observations on chronological and ecological background, [w:] Hominid Evolution. Past, Present and Future, P.V. Tobias (Ed.), A.R. Liss, Inc., New York, 195-200
View in Google Scholar

Wallace J.A., 1975, Dietary adaptations of Australopithecus and early Homo, [w:] Paleoanthropology, Morphology and Paleoecology, R. Tuttle (Ed.), Mouton, Chicago
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110810691.203

White T.D., 1977, Anterior mandibular corpus of early African Hominidae, Ph. D. dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
View in Google Scholar

Wolpoff M.H., 1974, The evidence for two australopithecine lineages in South Africa, Yrbk. Phys. Anthrop., 17 (1973), 113-139
View in Google Scholar

Wolpoff M.H., 1975, Some aspects of human mandibular evolution, [w:] Determinants of Mandibular Form and Growth, J. McNamara Jr. (Ed.), Center for Human Growth and Development, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1-64
View in Google Scholar

Wolpoff M.H., 1976, Some aspects of the evolution of early hominid sexual dimorphism, Curr. Anthrop., 17, 579-606
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/201798

Wolpoff M.H., 1980, Paleoanthropology, A. Knopf, New York
View in Google Scholar

Wolpoff M.H., C.L. Brace, 1975, Allometry and early hominids, Science, 189, 61-63
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.806115

Wood B.A., C.G. Stack, 1980, Does allometry explain the difference between “gracile" and "robust" australopithecines?, Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 52, 55-62
View in Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330520108