Variation in “foramina transversaria” of human cervical vertebrae in the medieval population from Sypniewo (Poland)

Barbara Kwiatkowska; Jacek Szczurowski; Dariusz Nowakowski

doi:10.2478/anre-2014-0014

Authors

Barbara Kwiatkowska Department of Anthropology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
Jacek Szczurowski Department of Anthropology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
Dariusz Nowakowski Zakład Antropologii. Instytut Biologii, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/anre-2014-0014

Keywords:

cervical vertebrae, Sypniewo, Poland

Abstract

Since the foramina provide important reference points to radiologists and surgeons, and because their shape and size may affect the blood supply to the cerebellum and the brainstem, the knowledge of the variation of foramina transversaria is essential from the medical point of view. The variation in the number, size and shape of foramina transversaria was studied based on 129 skeletons (68 male, 61 female, total of 1065 foramina) from the environs of Sypniewo. In both sexes single foramina were the most frequent (ca. 70%); in females no double foramina were observed, while triple foramina appeared only twice. In males double foramina formed ca. 40% and triple foramina were very rare. The shape and size of foramina depended to the same extent on the position of the vertebra and on the body side.

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