Pieniądz jako towar fikcyjny – utopia liberalizmu według Karla Polanyiego

Jan Kozubowski

doi:10.18778/1899-2226.23.3.02

Autor

Jan Kozubowski University of Warsaw, College of Interdisciplinary Individual Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.23.3.02

Słowa kluczowe:

Karl Polanyi, money, Karl Mannheim, commodification, liberalism, utopia

Abstrakt

This article concerns Karl Polanyi’s theory of money as a fictitious commodity and its importance for understanding liberal ideology. According to the Hungarian economist, money is not a commodity but a social relation between the debtor and the creditor. Therefore, the complete commodification of money is part of a liberal utopia, as it is associated with a counter-movement and an economic crisis, two processes that make impossible the constitution of a market society. The author analyzes the problem of counter-movement through the prism of Karl Mannheim’s theory of utopia and ideology. The final part of the article deals with the problem of economic crises, Polanyi’s views on the nature of economic breakdown are compared with contemporary reflection on the role of money in financial markets.

Bibliografia

Benedict, R. (2007). Północno-zachodnie wybrzeże Ameryki. W: E. Nowicka, M. Głowacka-Grajper (red.), Świat człowieka, świat kultury. Antologia tekstów klasycznej antropologii (s. 372–402). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Google Scholar

Block, F. (2016). The Contradictory Logics of Financialization: Bringing Together Hyman Minsky and Karl Polanyi. Politics & Society, 44(1), 3–13.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329215617462

Block, F., & Somers, M. (2020). Karl Polanyi. Krytyka wolnorynkowego fundamentalizmu. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne „Heterodox”.
Google Scholar

Codere, H. (1968). Money-exchange systems and a theory of money. Man, 3(4), 557–577.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2798579

Commons, J. (1959). Institutional economics; Its place in political economy. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Google Scholar

Dalton, G. (1961). Economic theory and primitive society. American Anthropologist, 63(1), 1–25.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1961.63.1.02a00010

Drucker, P. F. (1993). Concept of the Corporation. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar

Ferguson, S. (2018). Money’s Laws of Motion. https://arcade.stanford.edu/blogs/moneys-laws-motion
Google Scholar

Graeber, D. (2018). Dług. Pierwsze pięć tysięcy lat. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Krytyki Politycznej.
Google Scholar

Ingham, G. (2013). The Nature of Money. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Google Scholar

Jessop, B. (2019). A Polanyian paradox: Money and credit as fictitious commodities, financialization, finance-dominated accumulation, and financial crises. W: R. Atzmüller, B. Aulenbacher, U. Brand, F. Décieux, K. Fischer, B. Sauer (red.), Capitalism in Transformation: Movements and Countermovements in the 21st Century (s. 79–90). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788974240.00011

Kassner, M. (2019). Pragmatyzm i radykalny liberalizm. Studium filozofii politycznej Johna Deweya. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika.
Google Scholar

Keynes, J. M. (2013). Treatise on money: Pure theory of money. Vol. I. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar

Kozubowski, J. (2018). Ciągłość czy zerwanie? Przyczynek do rozważań na temat historii polskiej myśli socjalistycznej XIX wieku. Praktyka Teoretyczna, 29(3), 51–77.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/prt.2018.3.3

Kregel, J. (2012). Regulating the financial system in a Minskyian perspective. http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace;/bitstream/handle/10438/16283/Panel%204%20-%20Jan%20Kregel_0.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Google Scholar

Lewicki, M. (2019). Społeczne życie hipoteki. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
Google Scholar

Macleod, H. D. (1866). The Theory and Practice of Banking. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer.
Google Scholar

Mannheim, K. (2008). Ideologia i utopia (J. Miziński, tłum.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Aletheia.
Google Scholar

Marks, K. (1951). Kapitał, t. 1. Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza.
Google Scholar

Maucourant, J. (1995). The substantive economy of money: Karl Polanyi in the tradition of “old institutionalism”. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/569422/filename/WP_Walras_nA_177.pdf
Google Scholar

Mazzucato, M. (2018). The value of everything: Making and taking in the global economy. New York: PublicAffairs.
Google Scholar

Mellor, M. (2010). The future of money: From financial crisis to public resource. London: Pluto Press.
Google Scholar

Mill, J. S. (1885). Principles of political economy. London: Longmans, Green, & Co.
Google Scholar

Polanyi, K. (1957). Aristotle discovers the economy. W: K. Polanyi, C. M. Arensberg, H. W. Pearson (red.), Trade and market in the early empires: Economies in history and theory (s. 64–96). Glencoe: Free Press and Falcon’s Wing Press.
Google Scholar

Polanyi, K. (1977). The Livelihood of Man. New York: Academic Press.
Google Scholar

Polanyi, K. (2010). Wielka transformacja (M. Zawadzka, tłum.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Google Scholar

Savevska, M. (2019). The fictitious commodification of money and the Euro experiment. Culture, Practice & Europeanization, 4(1), 29–42.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/2566-7742-2019-1-29

Schumpeter, J. A. (2006). History of economic analysis. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203983911

Seccareccia, M., & Correa, E. (2015). Supra-National Money and the Euro Crisis: Lessons from Karl Polanyi. Forum for Social Economics, 46(3), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/07360932.2015.1075896
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07360932.2015.1075896

Simmel, G. (2012). Filozofia pieniądza (A. Przyłębski, tłum.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Aletheia.
Google Scholar

Skrzypek, M. (1992). Rozwój teorii fetyszyzmu od De Brossesa do Freuda. W: Ch. de Brosses, O kulcie fetyszów (M. Skrzypek, tłum.) (s. VII–XXX). Warszawa: PAN.
Google Scholar

Strange, S. (1997). Casino Capitalism. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Google Scholar

Walter, T., & Wansleben, L. (2020). How central bankers learned to love financialization: The Fed, the Bank, and the enlisting of unfettered markets in the conduct of monetary policy. Socio-Economic Review, 18(3), 625–653. https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwz011
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwz011

Wennerlind, C. (2001). Money talks, but what is it saying? Semiotics of money and social control. Journal of Economic Issues, 35(3), 557–574.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2001.11506390

Wray, R. L. (2015). Why Minsky matters: An introduction to the work of a maverick economist. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc77881

Wray, R. L. (2019). Nowoczesna teoria monetarna MMT (P. Umiński, tłum.). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne „Heterodox”.
Google Scholar