Odkrywanie współzależności wymiarów wspólnej wartości – wnioski z branży rolno-spożywczej
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.375.03Słowa kluczowe:
wspólna wartość, analiza jakościowa zbiorów rozmytych (fsQCA), przemysł rolno-spożywczyAbstrakt
Badanie opiera się na koncepcji tworzenia wspólnej wartości (shared value), zdefiniowanej przez Portera i Kramera jako polityki i praktyki operacyjne, które zwiększają konkurencyjność przedsiębiorstw, jednocześnie poprawiając warunki społeczno-ekonomiczne. W badaniu przyjęto perspektywę, zgodnie z którą wspólna wartość funkcjonuje jako proces strategiczny składający się z trzech wzajemnie powiązanych i nierozłącznych wymiarów: tworzenia wartości społecznej, środowiskowej i ekonomicznej. Zrozumienie współzależności między tymi wymiarami uznaje się za kluczowe dla rozwoju tego procesu strategicznego.
Celem artykułu jest zbadanie współzależności między wymiarami wspólnej wartości oraz ich wpływu na proces strategiczny w organizacji.
W badaniu zastosowano ramy teoretyczne, w których wspólna wartość jest postrzegana jako proces strategiczny, w obrębie którego występują współzależności między wszystkimi wymiarami. Narzędziem analitycznym zastosowanym w badaniu była metoda analizy jakościowej zbiorów rozmytych (fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis – fsQCA), umożliwiająca integrację metod jakościowych i ilościowych oraz odzwierciedlenie istniejących współzależności. Dane empiryczne zebrano w formie elektronicznej ankiety przekrojowej w sektorze rolno-spożywczym w Polsce, obejmującej 22 producentów i dystrybutorów produktów zbożowych.
Analiza nie wykazała istnienia jednej ścieżki prowadzącej do tworzenia wspólnej wartości. Wartość społeczna jest kształtowana przez czynniki środowiskowe, takie jak ograniczenie wpływu na środowisko, zużycia zasobów czy wydłużenie cyklu życia produktu. Z kolei wartość środowiskowa zależy od czynników społecznych, takich jak bezpieczeństwo społeczności, poprawa warunków zatrudnienia i rozwój umiejętności pracowników. Oba te wymiary są integralnymi elementami tworzenia wartości ekonomicznej. Wyniki dostarczają empirycznych dowodów na współzależność wymiarów wspólnej wartości, potwierdzając, że proces jej tworzenia można postrzegać jako proces strategiczny bezpośrednio kształtowany przez interakcje pomiędzy komponentami społecznymi, środowiskowymi i ekonomicznymi. Menedżerowie powinni wykorzystywać kombinacje różnych warunków w celu tworzenia wartości i uzyskania przewagi konkurencyjnej.
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