This is an outdated version published on 2023-12-30. Read the most recent version.

Aging in place and elderly mobility habits: Evidence from Italian national surveys

Authors

Federica Rossi DAStU, Politecnico di Milano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0651-1680

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.30.2.08

Crossmark check for up

Keywords:

aging, mobility habits, aging in place, Italy

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to provide an empirical framework of the ageing process in Italy, with a focus on aging in place and mobility behaviour of the elderly, as emerging from two national surveys: the “Aspects of Daily Life” survey by ISTAT and the ISFORT mobility survey. Results show that the Italian cities and towns are sufficiently age-friendly, with some improvement opportunities to be implemented. Loneliness and isolation represent a warning sign, hindering the aging in place. Finally, the study confirms that the Italian older adults use public transport only a few times, in favour of private cars.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ACEVES-GONZÁLEZ, C., COOK, S. and MAY, A. (2015), ‘Bus use in a developing world city: implications for the health and wellbeing of older passengers’, Journal of Transport and Health, 2 (2), pp. 308−316.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2015.04.001

ADAMS, M. A., SALLIS, J. F., CONWAY, T. L., FRANK, L. D., SAELENS, B. E., KERR, J., CAIN, K. L. and KING, A. C. (2012),’ Neighborhood environment profiles for physical activity among older adults’, Journal Health Behaviour, 36 (6), pp. 757–769. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.36.6.4
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.36.6.4

AKHAVAN, M. and VECCHIO, G. (2018), ‘Mobility and Accessibility of the Ageing Society. Defining Profiles of the Elderly Population and Neighbourhood’, TeMA – Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 9−22. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/5757
Google Scholar

AKHAVAN, M., MARIOTTI, I. and PINTO, F. (2022), ‘Towards an Age-friendly City: exploring ageing mobility in the city of Milan’, Urbanistica, 164, pp. 106−110.
Google Scholar

AL-RASHID, M. A., GOH, H. C., HARUMAIN, Y. A. S., ALI, Z., CAMPISI, T. and MAHMOOD, T. (2021), ‘Psychosocial barriers of public transport use and social exclusion among older adults: Empirical evidence from Lahore, Pakistan’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010185.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010185

ARELLANA, J., OVIEDO, D., GUZMAN, L. A. and ALVAREZ, V. (2021), ‘Urban transport planning and access inequalities: A tale of two Colombian cities’, Research in Transportation Business & Management, 40, 100554.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2020.100554

ARENTZE, T., TIMMERMANS, H., JORRITSMA, P., KALTER, M. J. O. and SCHOEMAKERS, A. (2008), ‘More gray hair—but for whom? Scenario-based simulations of elderly activity travel patterns in 2020’, Transportation, 35 (5), pp. 613−627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-008-9170-z
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-008-9170-z

BANISTER, D. and BOWLING, A. (2004), ‘Quality of life for the elderly: The transport dimension’, Transport Policy, 11 (2), pp. 105–115.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-070X(03)00052-0

BJORNSDOTTIR, G., ARNADOTTIER, S. A. and HALLDORSDOTTIER, S. (2012), ‘Facilitators of and barriers to physical activity in retirement communities: experiences of older women in urban areas’, Physical therapy, 92 (4), pp. 551–562. doi:10.2522/ptj.20110009
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110149

BROWN, J. R., DUNCAN, M., HORNER, M. W., BOND, M. and WOOD, J. (2018), ‘Provider perspectives on six strategies to overcome the barriers to older adult use of alternative transportation services: Evidence from seven communities’, Case Studies on Transport Policy, 6, pp. 237−245.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2018.04.004

BUFFEL, T., PHILLIPSON, C. and RÉMILLARD-BOILARD, S. (2019), ‘Age-Friendly Cities and Communities: New Directions for Research and Policy’, [in:] D. GU, and M. DUPRE (eds), Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging, Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_1094-1
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_1094-1

BURLANDO, C. and CUSANO, I. (2018), ‘Growing Old and Keeping Mobile in Italy. Active Ageing and the Importance of Urban Mobility Planning Strategies’, TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 43−53.
Google Scholar

CHEN, Y. R. and SCHULZ, P. J. (2016), ‘The Effect of Information Communication Technology Interventions on Reducing Social Isolation in the Elderly: A Systematic Review’, Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18 (1):e18. doi: 10.2196/jmir.4596
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4596

CHENG, L., SHI, K., VOS, J. D., CAO, M. and WITLOX, F. (2021), ‘Examining the spatially heterogeneous effects of the built environment on walking among older adults’, Transport Policy, 100, pp. 21–30.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.10.004

CORONINI-CRONBERG, S., MILLETT, C., LAVERTY, A. A. and WEBB, E. (2012), ‘The impact of a free older persons’ bus pass on active travel and regular walking in England’, American Journal of Public Health, 102 (11), pp. 2141–2148. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300946
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300946

CRAMM, J. M. and NIEBOER, A. P. (2014), ‘Neighborhood attributes security and solidarity promote the wellbeing of community-dwelling older people in the Netherlands’, Geriatrics Gerontology International, 14, pp. 681–688.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12133

CROTTI, D., MAGGI, E., PANTELAKI, E. and ROSSI, F. (2021), ‘Public transport use and health status in later life: Which relationship?’, Research in Transportation Business and Management, 40, 100591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2020.100591
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2020.100591

CURL, A. and MASON, P. (2019), ‘Neighbourhood perceptions and older adults’ wellbeing: Does walking explain the relationship in deprived urban communities?’, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 12, pp. 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.11.008
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.11.008

DAVIES, A. and JAMES, A. (2011), Geographies of Ageing (1st edition), Abingdon, UK: Routledge Engel.
Google Scholar

EIBICH, P., KREKEL, C., DEMUTH, I. and WAGNER, G. G. (2016), ‘Associations between neighborhood characteristics, wellbeing and health vary over the life course’, Gerontology, 62 (3), pp. 362–370.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000438700

ENSSLE, F. and KABISCH, N. (2020), ‘Urban green spaces for the social interaction, health and wellbeing of older-An integrated view of urban ecosystem services and socio-environmental justice’, Environmental Science and Policy, 109, pp. 36–44.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.04.008

FOTH, N., MANAUGH, K. and EL-GENEIDY, A. M. (2013), ‘Towards equitable transit: Examining transit accessibility and social need in Toronto, Canada, 1996–2006’, Journal of Transport Geography, 29, pp. 1–10.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.12.008

GAO, J., WEAVER, S. R., FU, H., JIA, Y. and LI, J. (2017), ‘Relationships between neighborhood attributes and subjective wellbeing among the Chinese elderly: data from Shanghai’, Bioscience Trends, 11 (5), pp. 516–23.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2017.01170

GARDNER, P. J. (2011), ‘Natural Neighborhood networks – Important social networks in the public lives of older adults aging in place’, Journal of Aging Studies, 25 (3), pp. 236–271.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2011.03.007

GARDENER, M. A. and LEMES DE OLIVEIRA, F. (2020), ‘Urban environment cues for health and wellbeing in the elderly’, Cities and Health, 4 (1), pp. 117−134.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2019.1636506

GARGIULO, C., ZUCARO, F. and GAGLIONE, F. (2018), ‘Accessibility for the Elderly in Urban Areas. A Set of Variables’, Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 53−66. http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/5738
Google Scholar

GIEHL, M. W., SCHNEIDER, I. J., CORSEUIL, H. X., BENEDETTI, T. R. and d’ORSI, E. (2012), ‘Physical activity and environment perception among older adults: a population study in Florianópolis, Brazil’, Revista de saude publica, 46 (3), pp. 516–525. doi:10.1590/S0034-89102012005000026
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102012000300014

GILLEARD, C., HYDE, M. and HIGGS, P. (2007), ‘The impact of age, place, aging in place, and attachment to place on the well-being of the over 50s in England’, Research on Aging, 29 (6), pp. 590–605. doi:10.1177/0164027507305730
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027507305730

GIRALDEZ-GARCIA, C. et al. (2013), ‘Individual’s perspective of local community environment and health indicators in older adults’, Geriatrics and gerontology international, 13 (1), pp. 130–138. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00872
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00872.x

GONYEA, J. G. and BURNES, K. (2013), ‘Aging well at home: Evaluation of a neighborhood-based pilot project to «put connection back into community»’, Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 27 (4), pp. 333–347. doi:10.1080/02763893.2013.813425.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02763893.2013.813425

GREEN, J., JONES, A. and ROBERTS, H. (2014), ‘More than A to B: the role of free bus travel for the mobility and wellbeing of older citizens in London’, Ageing and Society, 34, pp. 472−494.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X12001110

HANSEN, W. (1959), ‘How accessibility shapes land use’, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 25, pp. 73–76.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01944365908978307

HOUNSELL, N. B., SHRESTHA, B. P., MCDONALD, M. and WONG, A. (2016) ‘Open data and the needs of older people for public transport information’, Transportation Research Procedia, 14, pp. 4334−4343.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.355

ISFORT (2015), La domanda di mobilità degli over 60. Audimob Observatory, ISFORT, Rome, EN.
Google Scholar

ISFORT (2019), Sixteenth report on the mobility of Italians. ISFORT, Rome, IT, https://www.ISFORT.it/progetti/16-rapporto-sulla-mobilita-degli-italiani-audimob/ [accessed date: 01.09.2022].
Google Scholar

ISTAT (2019), Annual report 2019. The state of the country, ISTAT, Rome, EN.
Google Scholar

ISTAT (2020), Indagine Multiscopo “Aspetti della vita quotidiana”, data 2018. ISTAT, Rome, EN, https://www.ISTAT.it/it/archivio/129956 [accessed date: 01.09.2022].
Google Scholar

JOHNSON, R., SHAW, J., BERDING, J., GATHER, M. and REBSTOCK, M. (2017), ‘European national government approaches to older people’s transport system needs’, Transport Policy, 59, pp. 17−27.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.06.005

KIM, J., SCHMÖCKERB, J. D., NAKAMURA, T., UNO, N. and IWAMOTO, T. (2020), ‘Integrated impacts of public transport travel and travel satisfaction on quality of life of older people’, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, pp. 15−27.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.04.019

KOPONEN, T., LÖYTTYNIEMI, E., ARVE, S., HONKASALO, M. L. and RAUTAVA, P. (2022), ‘Experienced Quality of Life and Cultural Activities in Elderly Care’, Ageing International, 48, pp. 452–464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-022-09483-9
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-022-09483-9

KOPONEN, T., HONKASALO, M. L. and RAUTAVA, P. (2017), ‘Cultural plan model: Integrating cultural and creative activities into care units for the elderly’, Arts&Health, 10, pp. 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2017.1315436
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2017.1315436

LÄTTMAN, K., OLSSON, L. E. and FRIMAN, M. (2018), ‘A new approach to accessibility – Examining perceived accessibility in contrast to objectively measured accessibility in daily travel’, Research in Transportation Economics, 69, pp. 501−511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2018.06.002
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2018.06.002

LAVERTY, A. A., WEBB, E., VAMOS, E. P. and MILLETT, C. (2018), ‘Associations of increases in public transport use with physical activity and adiposity in older adults’, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15 (1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0660-x
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0660-x

MA, L., KENT, J. and MULLEY, C. (2018), ‘Transport disadvantage, social exclusion, and subjective wellbeing’, Journal of Transport and Land Use, 11, pp. 31−47.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2018.1008

MAHMOOD, A., CHAUDHURY, H., MICHAEL, Y. L., CAMPO, M., HAY, K. and SARTE, A. (2012), ‘A photovoice documentation of the role of neighborhood physical and social environments in older adults’ physical activity in two metropolitan areas in North America’, Social Science and Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.039
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.039

MANFREDINI, F. and DI ROSA, C. (2018), ‘Measuring Spatial Accessibility for Elderly. An Application to Subway Station in Milan’, Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 85−94. http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/5800
Google Scholar

MARIOTTI, I., BROUWER, A. E and GELORMINI, M. (2018), ‘Is Milan a City for Elderly? Mobility for Aging in place’, TeMa-Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment, pp. 95–104.
Google Scholar

MARIOTTI, I., BURLANDO, C. and LANDI, S. (2021), ‘Is Local Public Transport unsuitable for elderly? Exploring the cases of two Italian cities’, Research in Transportation Business and Management, 40, 100643.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2021.100643

MARQUET, O., HIPP, J. A. and MIRALLES-GUASCH, C. (2017), ‘Neighborhood walkability and active ageing: a difference in differences assessment of active transportation over ten years’, Journal of Transport & Health, 7, pp. 190−201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.09.006
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.09.006

MCPHEE, G., DOWNEY, L. A. and STOUGH, C. (2019), ‘Effects of sustained cognitive activity on white matter microstructure and cognitive outcomes in healthy middle-aged adults: A systematic review’, Ageing Research Reviews, 51, pp. 35–47.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2019.02.004

MEANS, R. (2007), ‘Safe as houses? Ageing in place and vulnerable older people in the UK’, Social Policy and Administration, 41 (1), pp. 65–85.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2007.00539.x

MERCADO, R. and PÁEZ, A. (2009), ‘Determinants of distance traveled with a focus on the elderly: a multilevel analysis in the Hamilton CMA, Canada’, Journal of Transport Geography 17 (1), pp. 65–76.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2008.04.012

MESTHENEOS, E. (2011), ‘Ageing in Place in the European Union’, IFA Global Ageing Journal, 7 (2), pp. 17−24.
Google Scholar

METZ, D. (2000), ‘Mobility of older people and their quality of life’, Transport Policy, 7, pp. 149–152.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-070X(00)00004-4

MIFSUD, D., ATTARD, M. and ISON, S. (2019), ‘An exploratory study of the psychological determinants of mobility of older people in Malta’, Research in Transportation Business and Management, 30, pp. 1–11.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2019.100373

MOLLENKOPF, H., MARCELLINI, F., RUOPPILA, I., SZEMAN, Z. and TACKEN, M. (2005), Enhancing mobility in later life - personal coping, environmental resources, and technical support: The out-of-home mobility of older adults in urban and rural regions of five European countries. Amsterdam: IOS Press
Google Scholar

MORRIS, J., DUMBLE, P. and WIGAN, M. (1979), ‘Accessibility indicators for transport planning’, Transportation Research Part A, 13, pp. 91–109.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-2607(79)90012-8

NEWBOLD, K. B., SCOTT, D. M., SPINNEY, J. E. L., KANAROGLOU, P. and PAEZ, A. (2005), Travel behaviour with Canada’s older population: a cohort analysis. Journal of Transport Geography, 13, pp. 340−351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.07.007
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.07.007

NORDBAKKE, S. and SCHWANEN, T. (2014), ‘Wellbeing and Mobility: A Theoretical Framework and Literature Review Focusing on Older People’, Mobilities, 9 (1), pp. 104–119.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.784542

PÁEZ, A., SCOTT, D. M., POTOGLOU, D., KANAROGLOU, P. S., and NEWBOLD, K. B. (2007), ‘Elderly mobility: demographic and spatial analysis of trip making in the Hamilton CMA’, Urban Studies, 44 (1), pp. 123–146.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980601023885

PANTELAKI, E., MAGGI, E., and CROTTI, D. (2021), ‘Mobility impact and wellbeing in later life: A multidisciplinary systematic review’, Research in Transportation Economics, 86, 100975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100975
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100975

PAPA, E., CARPENTIERI, G. and GUIDA, C. (2018), ‘Measuring walking accessibility to public transport of the elderly: the case of Naples’, Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 105−116. http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/5766
Google Scholar

PHILLIPS, J., WALFORD, N., HOCKEY, A., FOREMAN, N. and LEWIS, M. (2013), ‘Older people and outdoor environments: pedestrian anxiety and barriers in the use of familiar and unfamiliar spaces’, Geoforum, 47, pp. 113−124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.04.002
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.04.002

PINTO, F. and SUFINEYESTANI, M. (2018), ‘Key characteristics of an age – friendly neighbourhood’, TeMA Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Special Issue 2.2018 Elderly Mobility.
Google Scholar

RISSEL, C., CURAC, N., GREENAWAY, M. and BAUMAN, A. (2012), ‘Physical activity associated with public transport use—a review and modelling of potential benefits’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 9, pp. 2454–2478. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9072454
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9072454

SCHWANEN, T. and PÁEZ, A. (2010), ‘The mobility of older people – an introduction’, Journal of Transport Geography, 18 (5), pp. 591−595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.06.001
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.06.001

SHERGOLD, I. and PARKHURST, G. (2012), ‘Transport-related social exclusion amongst older people in rural Southwest England and Wales’, Journal of Rural Studies, 28, pp. 412–421. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.01.010
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.01.010

SIU, B. W. Y. (2019), ‘Assessment of physical environment factors for mobility of older adults: A case study in Hong Kong’, Research in Transportation Business & Management, 30, 100370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2019.100370
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2019.100370

STJERNBORG, V., WRETSTRAND, A. and TESFAHUNEY, M. (2015), ‘Everyday life mobilities of older persons–a case study of ageing in a suburban landscape in Sweden’, Mobilities, 10 (3), pp. 383−401. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.874836
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.874836

STROBL, R., MAIER, W., LUDYGA, A., MIELCK, A. and GRILL, E. (2016), ‘Relevance of community structures and neighbourhood characteristics for participation of older adults: a qualitative study’, Quality of Life Research, 25 (1), pp. 143–152. doi:10.1007/s11136-015-1049-9
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1049-9

TIRAPHAT, S., PELTZER, K., THAMMA-APHIPHOL, K. and SUTHISUKON, K. (2017), ‘The role of age-friendly environments on quality of life among Thai older adults’, International journal of environmental research and public health, 14 (3), 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030282
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030282

TRAPANESE, B. (2019), The role of urban mobility and service provision on the perception of quality of life of the elderly: the case of three suburbs in Milan. Master thesis, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, IT.
Google Scholar

UNITED NATIONS (2019), World population ageing 2019 Highlights. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, New York, USA.
Google Scholar

UNSWORTH, C. et al. (2022), ‘Linking people and activities through community mobility: an international comparison of the mobility patterns of older drivers and non-drivers’, Ageing and Society, 42, pp. 1938−1963. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20001968
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20001968

VANLEERBERGHE, P., De WITTE, N., CLAES, C., SCHALOCK, R. L. and VERTÉ, D. (2017), ‘The quality of life of older people aging in place: a literature review’, Quality of Life Research, 26(11), pp. 2899−2907. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1651-0.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1651-0

VAN DEN BERG, P., KEMPERMAN, A., DE KLEIJN, B. and BORGERS, A. (2016), ‘Ageing and loneliness: the role of mobility and the built environment’, Travel Behaviour and Society, 5, pp. 48−55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2015.03.001
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2015.03.001

VENDEMMIA, B. and LANZA, G. (2022), ‘Redefining marginality on Italian Apennines: An approach to reconsider the notion of basic needs in low density territories’, Region, 9 (2), pp. 131–148, DOI: 10.18335/region.v9i2.430
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18335/region.v9i2.430

VINE, D., BUYS, L. and AIRD, R. (2012), ‘Experiences of neighbourhood walkability among older Australians living in high density inner-city areas’, Planning Theory and Practice, 13 (3), pp. 421−444. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2012.696675
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2012.696675

WAHL, H-W. and WEISMAN, G. D. (2003) ‘Environmental gerontology at the beginning of the new millennium: Reflections on its historical, empirical, and theoretical development’, The Gerontologist, 43, pp. 616–627.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.5.616

WEBB, E., LAVERTY, A., MINDELL, J. and MILLETT, C. (2016), ‘Free bus travel and physical activity, gait speed, and adiposity in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing’, American Journal of Public Health, 106, pp. 136–142. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302907
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302907

WEBB, E., NETUVELI, G. and MILLETT, C. (2012), ‘Free bus passes, use of public transport and obesity among older people in England’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 66, pp. 176–180. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2011.133165
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2011.133165

WEBBER, S. C., PORTER, M. M. and MENEC, V. H. (2010), ‘Mobility in Older Adults: A Comprehensive Framework’, The Gerontologist, 50 (4), pp. 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnq013
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnq013

WILES, J. L., LEIBING, A., GUBERMAN, N., REEVE, J. and ALLEN, R. E. (2012), ‘The meaning of «aging in place» to older people’, The Gerontologist, 52 (3), pp. 357–366.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnr098

WONG, M., YU, R. and WOO, J. (2017), ‘Effects of perceived neighbourhood environments on self-rated health among community-dwelling older Chinese’, International journal of environmental research and public health, 14 (6), pp. 1–17. doi:10.3390/ijerph14060614
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14060614

WHO ( 2007), Global age-friendly cities: a guide. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43755 [accessed on: 01.09.2022].
Google Scholar

ZHANG, Z. and ZHANG, J. (2017), ‘Perceived residential environment of neighborhood and subjective wellbeing among the elderly in China: a mediating role of sense of community’, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 51, pp. 82–94.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.03.004

Downloads

Published

2023-12-30

Versions

2024-02-07 (2)
2023-12-30 (1)

How to Cite

Rossi, F. (2023). Aging in place and elderly mobility habits: Evidence from Italian national surveys. European Spatial Research and Policy, 30(2), 107–131. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.30.2.08