Exploring the role of regional research and development support in enhancing foreign investment in Poland: A spatial analysis perspectives

Eristian Wibisono

doi:10.18778/1231-1952.31.2.04

Authors

Eristian Wibisono University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-580X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.31.2.04

Crossmark check for up

Keywords:

foreign investment, labour, research and development (R&D), spatial analysis, Poland

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the nature and drivers of foreign investment in 16 regions of Poland. Using a spatial analysis approach, the study examines the spatial characteristics of the factors that influence foreign investment, namely labour and research and development (R&D) support. The results of the first analysis indicate strong spatial characteristics and interregional correlations in the observed variables, although they are not characterised by spatial dependence. The regression analysis results show that R&D expenditure significantly supports the enhancement of foreign investment alongside the labour factor, which has a more substantial impact.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ABLOV, A. (2015), ‘The firm-level and regional determinants of FDI distribution in Poland: Does sector of economy matter?’, Ekonomia XXI Wieku, 8, pp. 74–98, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/e21.2015.4.05
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.15611/e21.2015.4.05

AGHION, P., HARMGART, H. and WEISSHAAR, N. (2011), ‘Fostering growth in CEE countries: a country-tailored approach to growth policy’, Challenges for European Innovation Policy, Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857935212.00011
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857935212.00011

AMBROZIAK, A. A. and HARTWELL, C. A. (2018), ‘The impact of investments in special economic zones on regional development: the case of Poland’, Regional Studies, 52 (10), pp. 1322–1331, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1395005
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1395005

AMOROSO, S. and MONCADA-PATERNÒ-CASTELLO, P. (2018), ‘Inward greenfield FDI and patterns of job polarization’, Sustainability, 10 (4), p. 1219, MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041219
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041219

ANSELIN, L. (1995), ‘Local indicators of spatial association – LISA’, Geographical Analysis, 27 (2), pp. 93–115, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x

ANSELIN, L. (2005), ‘Exploring spatial data with GeoDaTM: a workbook’, Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science, pp. 165–223, https://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/~gisteac/fspat/geodaworkbook.pdf [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

ANSELIN, L. and FLORAX, R. (2012), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, Springer Science & Business Media, https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-79877-1 [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

ASONGU, S., AKPAN, U. S. and ISIHAK, S. R. (2018), ‘Determinants of foreign direct investment in fast-growing economies: evidence from the BRICS and MINT countries’, Financial Innovation, Springer, 4 (1), pp. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-018-0114-0
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-018-0114-0

BAILEY, N. (2018), ‘Exploring the relationship between institutional factors and FDI attractiveness: A meta-analytic review’, International Business Review, 27 (1), pp. 139–148, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.05.012
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.05.012

BAUMANE-VĪTOLIŅA, I. and DUDEK, D. (2020), ‘Innovation ecosystems in the context of economic development: A case study of Kraków, Poland’, Studies of Transition States and Societies, 12 (1), https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-69225-1 [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

BELDERBOS, R., DU, H. S. and SLANGEN, A. (2020), ‘When do firms choose global cities as foreign investment locations within countries? The roles of contextual distance, knowledge intensity, and target-country experience’, Journal of World Business, 55 (1), p. 101022, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2019.101022
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2019.101022

BERKOWITZ, P., MONFORT, P. and PIEŃKOWSKI, J. (2020), ‘Unpacking the growth impacts of European Union Cohesion Policy: Transmission channels from Cohesion Policy into economic growth’, Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1570491
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1570491

BERMEJO CARBONELL, J. and WERNER, R. A. (2018), ‘Does foreign direct investment generate economic growth? A new empirical approach applied to Spain’, Economic Geography, 94 (4), pp. 425–456, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2017.1393312
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2017.1393312

DE BEULE, F. and SOMERS, D. (2017), ‘The impact of international R&D on home-country R&D for Indian multinationals’, Transnational Corporations, 24 (1), pp. 27–55, United Nations. https://doi.org/10.18356/f8785646-en
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/f8785646-en

BOCHEŃSKI, T., PALMOWSKI, T. and STUDZIENIECKI, T. (2021), ‘The development of major seaports in the context of national maritime policy. The case study of Poland’, Sustainability, 13 (22), p. 12883, MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212883
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212883

BRANDT, N. (2018), ‘Strengthening innovation in Poland’, OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
Google Scholar

BRYL, Ł. (2018), ‘Knowledge-intensive exports of CEE and developed nations – driven by foreign or domestic capital?’, International Entrepreneurship Review, 4 (3), p. 69, Cracow University of Economics, https://ier.uek.krakow.pl/index.php/pm/article/view/1761 [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

BUSOM, I., CORCHUELO, B. and MARTÍNEZ-ROS, E. (2014), ‘Tax incentives… or subsidies for business R&D?’, Small Business Economics, 43, pp. 571–596, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9569-1
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9569-1

CAPELLO, R. and LENZI, C. (2018), ‘Knowledge, innovation and productivity gains across European regions’, Geography of Innovation, pp. 22–38, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2014.917167
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315457697-3

CAPIK, P. and DRAHOKOUPIL, J. (2011), ‘Foreign direct investments in business services: transforming the Visegrád four region into a knowledge-based economy?’, European Planning Studies, 19 (9), pp. 1611–1631, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2011.586181
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2011.586181

CARBONI, O. A. and MEDDA, G. (2021), ‘Innovative activities and investment decision: evidence from European firms’, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 46 (1), pp. 172–196, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-019-09765-6
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-019-09765-6

CASTELLANI, D., CASTELLANI, D. and ZANFEI, A. (2006), Multinational Firms, Innovation and Productivity, Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847201591
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847201591

CASTELLANI, D., MARIN, G., MONTRESOR, S. and ZANFEI, A. (2022), ‘Greenfield foreign direct investments and regional environmental technologies’, Research Policy, 51 (1), p. 104405, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104405
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104405

CHELLARAJ, G. and MATTOO, A. (2019), ‘Estimating the Knowledge Capital Model for Foreign Investment in Services: The Case of Singapore’, East Asian Economic Review, 23 (2), pp. 111–147. https://dx.doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2019.23.2.358
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2019.23.2.358

CHURSKI, P. (2008), ‘Structural funds of the European Union in Poland – Experience of the first period of membership’, European Planning Studies, 16 (4), pp. 579–607, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310801983506
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310801983506

CHYBOWSKA, D., CHYBOWSKI, L. and SOUCHKOV, V. (2018), ‘R&D in Poland: is the country close to a knowledge-driven economy?’, Management Systems in Production Engineering, 26 (2), pp. 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2018-0016
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2018-0016

CIEŚLIK, A. (2020), ‘Determinants of foreign direct investment from OECD countries in Poland’, Eurasian Economic Review, 10, pp. 9–25, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-019-00136-y
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-019-00136-y

CIEŚLIK, E., BIEGAŃSKA, J. and ŚRODA-MURAWSKA, S. (2021), ‘Central and Eastern European states from an international perspective: economic potential and paths of participation in global value chains’, Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 57 (13), pp. 3587–3603, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2019.1602519
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2019.1602519

CRESCENZI, R., DI CATALDO, M. and RODRÍGUEZ‐POSE, A. (2016), ‘Government quality and the economic returns of transport infrastructure investment in European regions’, Journal of Regional Science, 56 (4), pp. 555−582. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12264
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12264

CRESCENZI, R. and GAGLIARDI, L. (2018), ‘The innovative performance of firms in heterogeneous environments: The interplay between external knowledge and internal absorptive capacities’, Research Policy, 47 (4), pp. 782–795, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.02.006
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.02.006

DRAHOKOUPIL, J. (2008), Globalization and the State in Central and Eastern Europe: The Politics of Foreign Direct Investment, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203892084
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203892084

DRAHOKOUPIL, J., MYANT, M. and DOMONKOS, S. (2015), ‘The politics of flexibility: Employment practices in automotive multinationals in Central and Eastern Europe’, European Journal of Industrial Relations, 21 (3), pp. 223–240, SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680114546437
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680114546437

DU, H. S., BELDERBOS, R., and SOMERS, D. (2022), ‘Research versus development: global cities and the location of MNCs’ cross-border R&D investments’, Regional Studies, 56 (12), pp. 2001–2018, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2022.2033198
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2022.2033198

DUNNING, J. H. and LUNDAN, S. M. (2008), Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy, Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.18356/43ce1fe7-en
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/43ce1fe7-en

DUNNING, J. H. and LUNDAN, S. M. (2009), ‘The internationalization of corporate R&D: a review of the evidence and some policy implications for home countries 1’, Review of Policy Research, 26 (1−2), pp. 13–33, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.2008.00367.x
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.2008.00367.x

DZIEMIANOWICZ, W., ŁUKOMSKA, J. and AMBROZIAK, A. A. (2018), ‘Location factors in foreign direct investment at the local level: the case of Poland’, Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1530750
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1530750

ERDAL, L. and GÖÇER, İ. (2015), ‘The effects of foreign direct investment on R&D and innovations: Panel data analysis for developing Asian countries’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, pp. 749–758, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.469
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.469

FELDMAN, M., FRANCIS, J., and BERCOVITZ, J. (2005), ‘Creating a cluster while building a firm: Entrepreneurs and the formation of industrial clusters’, Regional Studies, 39 (1), pp. 129–141, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/0034340052000320888
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0034340052000320888

FU, X. (2008), ‘Foreign direct investment, absorptive capacity and regional innovation capabilities: evidence from China’, Oxford Development Studies, 36 (1), pp. 89–110, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810701848193
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810701848193

GE, S. and LIU, X. (2022), ‘The role of knowledge creation, absorption and acquisition in determining national competitive advantage’, Technovation, 112, p. 102396, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102396
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102396

GETIS, A. (2008), ‘A history of the concept of spatial autocorrelation: A geographer’s perspective’, Geographical Analysis, 40 (3), pp. 297–309, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.2008.00727.x
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.2008.00727.x

GHOSH, A., MORITA, H. and NGUYEN, X. (2018), ‘Technology spillovers, intellectual property rights, and export-platform FDI’, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 151, pp. 171–190, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.03.016
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.03.016

GORYNIA, M., NOWAK, J. and WOLNIAK, R. (2009), ‘Poland’s Investment Development Path: in search of a synthesis’, International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 2 (2), pp. 153–174, Inderscience Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEPEE.2009.027635
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEPEE.2009.027635

GÖTZ, M. (2020), ‘Attracting foreign direct investment in the era of digitally reshaped international production. The primer on the role of the investment policy and clusters – the case of Poland’, Journal of East-West Business, 26 (2), pp. 131–160, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/10669868.2019.1692985
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10669868.2019.1692985

GÖTZ, M. and JANKOWSKA, B. (2017), ‘Clusters and Industry 4.0 – do they fit together?’, European Planning Studies, 25 (9), pp. 1633–1653, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327037
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327037

GÖTZ, M., ÉLTETŐ, A. and SASS, M. (2023), ‘Still attractive for FDI? Location advantages of Visegrád countries in the digital era-the case of Poland and Hungary’, European Journal of International Management, 20 (1), pp. 66–88, Inderscience Publishers (IEL). https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2023.130383
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2023.130383

GOUJARD, A. and GUÉRIN, P. (2018), ‘Financing innovative business investment in Poland’, OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973

GRGIĆ, G. (2023), ‘The changing dynamics of regionalism in Central and Eastern Europe: The case of the Three Seas Initiative’, Geopolitics, 28 (1), pp. 216–238, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2021.1881489
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2021.1881489

GUIMÓN, J. (2009), ‘Government strategies to attract R&D-intensive FDI’, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 34, pp. 364–379, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-008-9091-1
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-008-9091-1

GUIMÓN, J., CHAMINADE, C., MAGGI, C. and SALAZAR-ELENA, J. C. (2018), ‘Policies to attract R&D-related FDI in small emerging countries: Aligning incentives with local linkages and absorptive capacities in Chile’, Journal of International Management, 24 (2), pp. 165–178, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2017.09.005
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2017.09.005

BEN HASSINE, H., BOUDIER, F. and MATHIEU, C. (2017), ‘The two ways of FDI R&D spillovers: Evidence from the French manufacturing industry’, Applied Economics, 49 (25), pp. 2395–2408, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1240345
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1240345

HEGDE, D. and HICKS, D. (2008), ‘The maturation of global corporate R&D: Evidence from the activity of US foreign subsidiaries’, Research Policy, 37 (3), pp. 390–406, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.12.004
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.12.004

HINTOŠOVÁ, A. B., BRUOTHOVÁ, M. and VASKOVÁ, I. (2020), ‘Does foreign direct investment boost innovation? The case of the visegrad and baltic countries’, Quality Innovation Prosperity, 24 (3), pp. 106–121. https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v24i3.1519
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v24i3.1519

HOROBET, A., POPOVICI, O. C. and BELAȘCU, L. (2021), ‘Shaping competitiveness for driving FDI in CEE countries’, Romanian Journal of European Affairs, 21 (2). http://rjea.ier.gov.ro/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Art.-4.pdf
Google Scholar

HU, M.-C. and MATHEWS, J. A. (2005), ‘National innovative capacity in East Asia’, Research Policy, 34 (9), pp. 1322–1349, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.04.009
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.04.009

IAMSIRAROJ, S. (2016), ‘The foreign direct investment–economic growth nexus’, International Review of Economics & Finance, 42, pp. 116–133, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2015.10.044
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2015.10.044

JANTOŃ-DROZDOWSKA, E. and MAJEWSKA, M. (2016), ‘Investment attractiveness of Central and Eastern European countries in the light of new locational advantages development’, Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 11 (1), pp. 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/EQUIL.2016.005
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.12775/EQUIL.2016.005

JAWOREK, M., SZAŁUCKA, M. and KARASZEWSKI, W. (2019), ‘Limiting factors of foreign direct investment undertaken by Polish enterprises’, Journal of East-West Business, 25 (3), pp. 293–317, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/10669868.2019.1616648
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10669868.2019.1616648

JINDRA, B. and ROJEC, M. (2018), ‘How to increase knowledge spillovers from foreign direct investment in new EU Member States 1’, Teorija in Praksa, 55 (3), pp. 645–693, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/how-increase-knowledge-spillovers-foreign-direct/docview/2136873896/se-2 [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

KAPIL, N., PIATKOWSKI, M., RADWAN, I. and GUTIERREZ, J. J. (2013), ‘Poland enterprise innovation support review: from catching up to moving ahead’, World Bank, Washington DC, pp. 11–18. https://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/914151468093563494/pdf/753250WP0P09660ATION0SUPPORT0REVIEW.pdf [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

KAVALSKI, E. (2018), ‘China’s belt and road initiative in central and Eastern Europe’, Asian International Studies Review, 19 (2), pp. 13–31, Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/2667078X-01902002
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/2667078X-01902002

KLAGGE, B. and KLEIN-HITPAß, K. (2010), ‘High-skilled return migration and knowledge-based development in Poland’, European Planning Studies, 18 (10), pp. 1631–1651, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2010.504346
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2010.504346

KOTTARIDI, C., LOULOUDI, K. and KARKALAKOS, S. (2019), ‘Human capital, skills and competencies: Varying effects on inward FDI in the EU context’, International Business Review, 28 (2), pp. 375–390, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.10.008
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.10.008

KRPEC, O. and WISE, C. (2022), ‘Grand development strategy or simply grandiose? China’s diffusion of its Belt & Road Initiative into Central Europe’, New Political Economy, 27 (6), pp. 972–988, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2021.1961218
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2021.1961218

KUREK, S., WÓJTOWICZ, M. and GAŁKA, J. (2021), ‘Using Spatial Autocorrelation for identification of demographic patterns of Functional Urban Areas in Poland’, Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series, 52. https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2021-0018
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2021-0018

KURTISHI-KASTRATI, S. (2013), ‘The Effects of Foreign Direct Investments for Host Country’s Economy’, European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 5 (1), https://ejist.ro/files/pdf/369.pdf [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar

LEAMER, E. E. and STORPER, M. (2017), ‘The economic geography of the internet age’, Economy, Routledge, pp. 431–455. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.84909988
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351159203-20

LEE, K.-D. and HWANG, S.-J. (2014), ‘Regional heterogeneity and location choice of FDI in Korea via agglomeration and linkage relationships’, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 19 (3), pp. 464–487, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2014.908535
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2014.908535

LIANG, F. H. (2017), ‘Does foreign direct investment improve the productivity of domestic firms? Technology spillovers, industry linkages, and firm capabilities’, Research Policy, 46 (1), pp. 138–159, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.08.007
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.08.007

LIN, M. and KWAN, Y. K. (2016), ‘FDI technology spillovers, geography, and spatial diffusion’, International Review of Economics & Finance, 43, pp. 257–274, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.02.014
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.02.014

LONCAN, T. (2021), ‘The effects of project scale on FDI location choices: Evidence from emerging economies’, Management International Review, 61 (2), pp. 157–205, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-021-00442-1
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-021-00442-1

LU, J. and ZHANG, L. (2010), ‘Evaluation of parameter estimation methods for fitting spatial regression models’, Forest Science, 56 (5), pp. 505–514, Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/56.5.505
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/56.5.505

MAKIEŁA, K., WOJCIECHOWSKI, L. and WACH, K. (2021), ‘Effectiveness of FDI, technological gap and sectoral level productivity in the Visegrad Group’, Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 27 (1), pp. 149–174. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.14017
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.14017

MARIOTTI, S., PISCITELLO, L. and ELIA, S. (2010), ‘Spatial agglomeration of multinational enterprises: the role of information externalities and knowledge spillovers’, Journal of Economic Geography, 10 (4), pp. 519–538, Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbq011
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbq011

MEDVE-BÁLINT, G. and ÉLTETŐ, A. (2024), ‘Economic nationalists, regional investment aid, and the stability of FDI-led growth in East Central Europe’, Journal of European Public Policy, 31 (3), pp. 874–899, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2024.2305834
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2024.2305834

DI MININ, A., ZHANG, J. and GAMMELTOFT, P. (2012), ‘Chinese foreign direct investment in R&D in Europe: A new model of R&D internationalization?’, European Management Journal, 30 (3), pp. 189–203, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.004
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.004

MURZYN, D. (2020), ‘Smart growth in less developed regions – the role of EU structural funds on the example of Poland’, Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 33 (1), pp. 96–113, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2019.1611418
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2019.1611418

NEWMAN, C., RAND, J., TALBOT, T. and TARP, F. (2015), ‘Technology transfers, foreign investment and productivity spillovers’, European Economic Review, 76, pp. 168–187, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.02.005
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.02.005

NIELSEN, B., ASMUSSEN, C. and GOERZEN, A. (2018), ‘Toward a synthesis of micro and macro factors that influence foreign direct investment location choice’, The Routledge Companion to the Geography of International Business, Routledge, pp. 190–212.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315667379-12

OMORUYI, E. M. M. (2021), ‘China’s Shifting Labour-Intensive Manufacturing Firms to Africa: A Particular Focus on Ethiopia and Rwanda’, Journal of Comparative Asian Development (JCAD), 18 (2), pp. 1–36, IGI Global, https://www.igi-global.com/article/chinas-shifting-labour-intensive-manufacturing-firms-to-africa/285550 [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/JCAD.285550

ORLIC, E., HASHI, I. and HISARCIKLILAR, M. (2018), ‘Cross sectoral FDI spillovers and their impact on manufacturing productivity’, International Business Review, 27 (4), pp. 777–796, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.01.002
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.01.002

PALIOKAITĖ, A. (2019), ‘An innovation policy framework for upgrading firm absorptive capacities in the context of catching-up economies’, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 15 (3), pp. 103–130, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę “Cognitione”. https://doi.org/10.7341/20191534
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7341/20191534

PELLENS, M., PETERS, B., HUD, M., RAMMER, C. and LICHT, G. (2018), ‘Public investment in R&D in reaction to economic crises-a longitudinal study for OECD countries’, ZEW-Centre for European Economic Research Discussion Paper, No. 18–005. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3122254
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3122254

PIVA, M. and VIVARELLI, M. (2009), ‘The role of skills as a major driver of corporate R&D’, International Journal of Manpower, 30 (8), pp. 835–852, Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720911004452
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720911004452

POPESCU, G. H. (2014), ‘FDI and economic growth in Central and Eastern Europe’, Sustainability, 6 (11), pp. 8149–8163, MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6118149
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su6118149

PORTER, M. E. (1990), ‘The competitive advantage of nations, London and Basingstoke’, Macmillan, https://economie.ens.psl.eu/IMG/pdf/porter_1990_-_the_competitive_advantage_of_nations.pdf [accessed on: 5.08.2024].
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11336-1

RADOSEVIC, S. and CIAMPI STANCOVA, K. (2018), ‘Internationalising smart specialisation: Assessment and issues in the case of EU new member states’, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 9 (1), pp. 263–293, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0339-3
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0339-3

RAHMAN, R., SHAHRIAR, S. and KEA, S. (2019), ‘Determinants of exports: A gravity model analysis of the Bangladeshi textile and clothing industries’, FIIB Business Review, 8 (3), pp. 229–244, New Delhi, India: SAGE Publications Sage India. https://doi.org/10.1177/2319714519872643
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2319714519872643

ROSZKO-WÓJTOWICZ, E. and GRZELAK, M. M. (2021), ‘Multi-dimensional analysis of regional investment attractiveness in Poland’, Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 16 (1), pp. 103–138, Instytut Badań Gospodarczych. https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2021.004
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2021.004

RUGMAN, A. M., OH, C. H. and LIM, D. S. K. (2012), ‘The regional and global competitiveness of multinational firms’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40, pp. 218–235, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0270-5
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0270-5

SAIDI, S., MANI, V., MEFTEH, H., SHAHBAZ, M. and AKHTAR, P. (2020), ‘Dynamic linkages between transport, logistics, foreign direct Investment, and economic growth: Empirical evidence from developing countries’, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 141, pp. 277–293, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.09.020
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.09.020

SALAMAGA, M. (2023), ‘Study on the influence of foreign direct investment on innovations in enterprises in Poland using the ECM panel model’, Argumenta Oeconomica, 50 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.06
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.06

SALIKE, N. (2016), ‘Role of human capital on regional distribution of FDI in China: New evidences’, China Economic Review, 37, pp. 66–84, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.11.013
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.11.013

SERWICKA, I. E., JONES, J. and WREN, C. (2024), ‘Economic integration and FDI location: Is there a border effect within the enlarged EU?’, The Annals of Regional Science, 72 (1), pp. 85–106, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-022-01190-2
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-022-01190-2

SHARMA, C. (2019), ‘Effects of R&D and foreign technology transfer on productivity and innovation: an enterprises-level evidence from Bangladesh’, Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 27 (1), pp. 46–70, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/19761597.2019.1597634
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19761597.2019.1597634

SIDDIQUI, K. (2018), ‘David Ricardo’s comparative advantage and developing countries: Myth and reality’, International Critical Thought, 8 (3), pp. 426–452, Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2018.1506264
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2018.1506264

SISMAN, S. and AYDINOGLU, A. C. (2022), ‘A modelling approach with geographically weighted regression methods for determining geographic variation and influencing factors in housing price: A case in Istanbul’, Land Use Policy, 119, p. 106183, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106183
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106183

SU, W., ZHANG, D., ZHANG, C., ABRHÁM, J., SIMIONESCU, M., YAROSHEVICH, N. and GUSEVA, V. (2018), ‘Determinants of foreign direct investment in the Visegrad group countries after the EU enlargement’, Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 24 (5), pp. 1955–1978. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2018.5487
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2018.5487

SU, Y. and LIU, Z. (2016), ‘The impact of foreign direct investment and human capital on economic growth: Evidence from Chinese cities’, China Economic Review, 37, pp. 97–109, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.12.007
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.12.007

SUSENO, Y. and STANDING, C. (2018), ‘The systems perspective of national innovation ecosystems’, Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 35 (3), pp. 282–307, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2494
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2494

SZARUGA, E., FRANKOWSKA, M. and DRELA, K. (2022), ‘Spatial autocorrelation of power grid instability in the context of electricity production from renewable energy sources in Polish regions’, Energy Reports, 8, pp. 276–284, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.10.104
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.10.104

ŚLUSARCZYK, B. (2018), ‘Tax incentives as a main factor to attract foreign direct investments in Poland’, Revista» Administratie Si Management Public «(RAMP), No. 30, pp. 67–81, EDITURA ASE. https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2018.30-05
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.24818/amp/2018.30-05

TARLEA, S. (2017), ‘Higher education governance in Central and Eastern Europe: A perspective on Hungary and Poland’, European Educational Research Journal, 16 (5), pp. 670–683, SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904116677756
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904116677756

TCHOREK, G. (2016), ‘Foreign Direct Investment and Investment Development Path. The Case of Visegrad Countries’, Studia i Materiały, 2 (22), cz. 2, pp. 201–212, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1733-9758.2016.22.16
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7172/1733-9758.2016.22.16

THOMPSON, P. and ZANG, W. (2023), ‘The relationship between foreign direct investment and domestic entrepreneurship: The impact and scale of investments in China’, Growth and Change, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12671
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12671

TIAN, X. and ZHANG, M. (2019), ‘Research on Spatial Correlations and Influencing Factors of Logistics Industry Development Level’, Sustainability, 11 (5), p. 1356, MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051356
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051356

TÓTH, A., JUHÁSZ, T. and KÁLMÁN, B. G. (2020), ‘The role of innovation and human factor in the development of East Central Europe’, Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 16 (1), pp. 251–274. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2020.16-1.17
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2020.16-1.17

TUZNIK, F. and JASINSKI, A. H. (2022), ‘Government Incentives to Stimulate Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Poland’, Government Incentives for Innovation and Entrepreneurship: An International Experience, Springer, pp. 125–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10119-9_7
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10119-9_7

WANG, M., XU, M. and MA, S. (2021), ‘The effect of the spatial heterogeneity of human capital structure on regional green total factor productivity’, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 59, pp. 427–441, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2021.09.018
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2021.09.018

WIBISONO, E. (2023), ‘Knowledge input and innovation in Visegrad Group (V4) regions: A spatial econometric approach’, Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series, 59, pp. 111–130. https://doi.org/10.12775/bgss-2023-0008
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.12775/bgss-2023-0008

WYSZKOWSKA-KUNA, J. (2014), “Competitiveness in international trade in knowledge-intensive services: The case of Poland”, Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe, 17 (2), pp. 79–100, Warsaw: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.2478/cer-2014-0015
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cer-2014-0015

YAGHI, A. Z.-A. and TOMASZEWSKI, T. (2024), ‘Measuring the impact of R&D&I subsidies on innovative inputs and outputs in Polish manufacturing firms’, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15 (1), pp. 3792–3823, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01194-z
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01194-z

ZOLTÁN, G. and GÁBOR, L. (2022), ‘FDI-based regional development in Central and Eastern Europe: A review and an agenda’, Tér És Társadalom, 36 (3), pp. 68–98. https://doi.org/10.17649/TET.36.3.3439
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.17649/TET.36.3.3439

ZÚÑIGA‐VICENTE, J. Á., ALONSO‐BORREGO, C., FORCADELL, F. J. and GALÁN, J. I. (2014), ‘Assessing the effect of public subsidies on firm R&D investment: a survey’, Journal of Economic Surveys, 28 (1), pp. 36–67, Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6419.2012.00738.x
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6419.2012.00738.x