This is an outdated version published on 2024-01-16. Read the most recent version.

Europe 2020: The EU Commission and Political Entrepreneurship

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1641-4233.29.07

Keywords:

European Commission, political entrepreneur, Europe 2020, economic crisis, window of opportunity

Abstract

This study deals with the European Commission and Communication Europe 2020, which was a result of the global economic crisis of 2007–2008 and forward. Europe 2020 was an initiative to deal with the crisis by promoting smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth. The Commission addressed the crisis as an existential threat to Europe, but also as a window of opportunity to build a new prosperous region. This study explores the political entrepreneurial efforts taken by the Commission as well as assesses the outcome of reforms implemented. The Commission has achieved many targets, although some challenges remain unsolved.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Daniel Silander, School of Government Studies, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa; Linnaeus University, Department of Political Science, Vaxjo, Sweden

    Daniel Silander is Associate Professor of Political Science and Research Leader of European Studies at Linnaeus University, Sweden. He is also Professor at North-West University, South Africa. His main areas of interests are international security, autocratization and democratization with specific focus on the contemporary democracy-security nexus in international affairs.

References

Baumol, W.J. “Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive, and destructive”. Journal of Political Economy, 98.5 (1990): 893–921. https://doi.org/10.1086/261712 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/261712

Brickerhoff, P.C. Social Entrepreneurship – The Art of Mission-Based Venture Development. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2000.

Carroll, J.J. “Failure is an option: the entrepreneurial governance framework”. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 6.1 (2017): 108–126. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-04-2016-0013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-04-2016-0013

Copeland, P., James, S. “Policy Windows, ambiguity and Commission entrepreneurship: explaining the relaunch of the European Union’s economic reform agenda”. Journal of European Public Policy, 21.1 (2014): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2013.800789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2013.800789

Crespy, A., Menz, G. “Commission Entrepreneurship and the Debasing of Social Europe Before and After the Eurocrisis”. Journal of Common Market Studies, 53.4 (2015): 753–768. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12241

Cross, D.M.K. The Politics of Crisis in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.

Dahl, R.A. Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974.

EUR-Lex: Distribution of Competences. 2018. Web. 8.05.2018. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/summary/glossary/competences.html?locale=en

European Commission. Communication from the Commission: Europe 2020: A Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth. Brussels, 3.03.2010. Brussels: European Commission, 2010.

Eurostat a. Smarter, Greener, More Inclusive? Indicators to Support the Europe 2020 Strategy: 2019 edn. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019.

Eurostat b. Smarter, Greener, More Inclusive? Indicators to Support the Europe 2020 Strategy: 2017 edn. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017.

Gros, D., Roth, F. The Europe 2020 Strategy – Can it Maintain the EU’s Competitiveness in the World?. Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), 2012.

Hix, S., Goetz, K.H. “Introduction: European integration and national political systems”. West European Politics, 23.4 (2000): 52–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380008425400

Karlsson, C., Silander, C., Silander, D., eds. Governance and Political Entrepreneurship in Europe: Promoting Growth and Welfare in Times of Crisis. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788112765 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788112765

Kingdon, J. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. New York: HarperCollins, 1995.

Lisbon Treaty. 2009. Web. 8.05.2018. http://www.lisbon-treaty.org/wcm/the-lisbon-treaty.html

Middelcar, L. van. ‘Pandemonium – Saving Europé’. Newcastle upon Tyne: Agenda Publishing, 2021.

Monnett, J. Memoirs. London: William Collins, 1978.

North, D.C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678

Osborne, D., Plastrik, P. Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming the Public Sector. New York: Penguin Books, 1993.

Putnam, R. Making Democracy Work – Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400820740 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400820740

Rosenthal, U., Charles, M.T., Hart, P.T. Coping with Crises: The Management of Disasters, Riots, and Terrorism. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas, 1989.

Salerno, J.T. “The entrepreneur: real and imagined”. Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, 11.3 (2008): 188–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12113-008-9043-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12113-008-9043-5

Schneider, M., Teske, P. “Toward a theory of the political entrepreneur: evidence from local government”. American Political Science Review, 86.3 (1992): 737–747. https://doi.org/10.2307/1964135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1964135

Schumpeter, J.A. The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1934.

Sheingate, A.D. “Political entrepreneurship, institutional change, and American political development”. Studies in American Political Development, 17.2 (2003): 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898588X03000129 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898588X03000129

Silander, D. “European governance and political entrepreneurship in times of economic crisis”. In: Governance and Political Entrepreneurship in Europe: Promoting Growth and Welfare in Times of Crisis. Eds. C. Karlsson, C. Silander, and D. Silander. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018: 3–24. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788112765.00006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788112765.00006

Simmons, R.T., Yonk, R.M., Thomas, D.W. “Bootleggers, baptists, and political entrepreneurs – key players in the rational game and morality play of regulatory politics”. The Independent Review, 15.3 (2011): 367–381.

Stec, M., Grzebyk, M. “The implementation of the Strategy Europe 2020 objectives in European Union countries: the concept analysis and statistical evaluation”. Quality & Quantity, 52.1 (2018): 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-016-0454-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-016-0454-7

Tusińska, M. “Competitiveness of the European Union – expectations, reality and challenges towards 2020”. Horizons of Politics, 7.21 (2016): 185–204.

Wandel, J. “The role of government and markets in the strategy “Europe 2020” of the European Union: a robust political economy analysis”. International Journal of Management and Economics, 49.1 (2016): 7–33. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2016-0002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2016-0002

Downloads

Published

2024-01-16

Versions

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Europe 2020: The EU Commission and Political Entrepreneurship. (2024). International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal, 29(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.18778/1641-4233.29.07