SLAVERY, NEOLIBERALISM, NECROPOLITICS. THE SOLAR AND NOCTURNAL BODIES OF DEMOCRACY

Mateusz Pietryka

doi:10.18778/1689-4286.63.03

Autor

Mateusz Pietryka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1689-4286.63.03

Słowa kluczowe:

niewolnictwo, kolonializm, nekropolityka, neoliberalizm, demokracja

Abstrakt

Artykuł podejmuje próbę zbadania współczesnego kryzysu demokracji liberalnej, osadzając go w kontekście spuścizny kolonialnej oraz trwającej dominacji ekonomicznej krajów Zachodu. Tekst śledzi powstanie idei praw człowieka i wolnego handlu, łącząc je z praktykami niewolnictwa i wyzysku podbijanych terytoriów. Autor analizuje poglądy oświeceniowych filozofów na temat niewolnictwa i kolonializmu i przedstawia ekonomiczny wpływ tych zjawisk na rozwój krajów europejskich. Tekst przechodzi następnie do analizy obecnych międzynarodowych stosunków gospodarczych, aby pokazać, że brak równowagi sił między krajami bogatymi a rozwijającymi się prowadzi do wyzysku tych drugich. Argumentuje też, że zarówno kolonialne korzenie, jak i współczesne nierówne stosunki handlowe leżą u podstaw obecnego wzrostu populizmu i ksenofobii w krajach liberalno-demokratycznych. Głównym motywem przewodnim pracy jest zaproponowana przez Mbembe koncepcja solarnego i nocnego ciała demokracji: ciągłe przeplatanie się wewnętrznego rozkwitu gospodarczego i kulturowego ze wzrostem nierówności, populizmu i niedemokratycznych praktyk.

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