The theory of evolution and its implications. How some misunderstandings concerning evolution can lead to confusing philosophical claims?

Abstract

There are three main purpose of the presented paper. Firstly, the presentation of the most common fallacies concerning the theory of evolution and its implications on the fields of ethics and metaphysic. Secondly, the undertaking of trial leading to the elucidation of the most crucial concepts of evolutionary process. Thirdly, presentation of some pivotal issues connected with the interpretation of the theory of evolution.
The Author begins with the cursorily presentation of the misunderstandings rooted in the tradition of Aristotle formal cause and Kant’s teleonomy. Presented arguments demonstrate that teleological interpretations are inconsistent with the evolutionary framework of modern biology. Subsequently positions of Lamarckism and saltacionism are analyzed to illustrate some misunderstandings connected with the historical forms of evolutionary debates. At the end basis of evolutionary ethics and its reception is examined.