Perfekcjonizm i stres a dobrostan psychiczny studentów uczelni wyższych. Testowanie modelu mediacyjnego

Joanna Słodkowska; Anna Bokszczanin

doi:10.18778/1427-969X.16.01

Autor

Joanna Słodkowska Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Opolski
Anna Bokszczanin Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Opolski

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-969X.16.01

Słowa kluczowe:

perfectionism, student’s stress, well-being

Abstrakt

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the link between perfectionism treated as a personality’s trait, academic stress and college students’ psychological well-being. It was expected that the greater intensity of perfectionism achieved, the lower level of psychological well-being and the higher level of stress experienced. It was also assumed that the level of experienced stress would be a mediator of the relationship between perfectionism and psychological well-being. Alternative model with the well-being as a mediator of the relation between perfectionism and stress was also verified. Results of the study conducted on a sample of 298 students supported our assumptions. Higher level of perfectionism was associated with both higher stress level and lower sense of psychological well-being. Paths analyses provided evidence that relationship between perfectionism and psychological well-being can be explained by the high level of experienced stress (partial mediation). The analyses of well-being as a mediator in the relation between perfectionism and stress proved to be statistically significant and well suited to the sample (complete mediation). Results of this study are interpreted according to the Hobfoll’s Conservation of Resources Theory and Multiaxial Model of Coping (1998, 2006).

Bibliografia

Adkins K.K., Parker W. (1996), Perfectionism and Suicidal Preoccupation, „Journal of Personality”, 64, 529–543.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00520.x

Baron R.M., Kenny D.A. (1986), The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations, „Journal of Personality and Social Psychology”, 51, 1173–1182.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173

Bokszczanin A., Kaniasty K. (2002), Wpływ powodzi 1997 roku na poziom symptomów stresu pourazowego, depresji i samotności u dzieci i młodzieży. Mediacyjna rola Strategii Radzenia Sobie z Trudnościami, Część II, „Studia Psychologiczne”, XL, 4, 27–42.
Google Scholar

Essau C.A., OʼCallaghan J., Ederer E., Bokszczanin A., & Sasagawa S. (2008), Depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among young people from three European countries, [w:] Quality of life – different perspectives, A. Głębocka i A. Gawor (red.), Oficyna Wydawnicza „Impuls”, Kraków.
Google Scholar

Chang E.C. (1998), Cultural Differences, Perfectionism, and Suicidal Risk: Does Social Problem Solving Still Matter?, „Cognitive Therapy and Research”, 22, 237–254.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018792709351

Chang E.C. (2000), Perfectionism as a Predictor of Positive and Negative Psychological Outcomes: Examining a Mediation Model in Younger and Older Adults, „Journal of Counseling Psychology”, 47, 18–26.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.47.1.18

Chang E.C. (2006), Perfectionism and Dimensions of Psychological Well-being in a College Student Sample: A Test of a Stress – Mediation Model, „Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology”, 9, 1001–1022.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2006.25.9.1001

Diener E., Lucas R.E., Oishi S. (2002), Dobrostan psychiczny. Nauka o szczęściu i zadowoleniu życia, [w:] J. Czapiński (2004), Psychologia pozytywna. Nauka o szczęściu, zdrowiu, sile i cnotach człowieka, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Google Scholar

Dixon W.A., Rumford K.G., Heppner P.P., & Lips B.J. (1992), Use of Different Sources of Stress to Predict Hopelessness and Suicide Ideation in a College Population, „Journal of Counseling Psychology”, 39, 342–349.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.39.3.342

Frost R.O., Marten P.A., Lahart C., Rosenblate R. (1990), The Dimensions of Perfectionism, „Cognitive Therapy and Research”, 14, 449–468.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967

Frost R.O., Turcotte, T.A. (1995), Reactions to Mistakes Among Subjects High and Low in Perfectionistic Concern Over Mistakes, „Cognitive Therapy and Research”, 2, 195–205.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229694

Hewitt P.L., Flett G.L. (1991), Perfectionism in the Self and Social Contexts: Conceptualization, Assessment, and Association with Psychopathology, „Journal of Personality and Social Psychology”, 60, 456–470.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.456

Hewitt P.L., Flett G.L., Ediger E. (1996), Perfectionism and Depression: Longitudinal Assessment of a Specific Vulnerability Hypothesis, „Journal of Abnormal Psychology”, 105, 276–280.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.105.2.276

Hobfoll S.E. (1988), The ecology of stress, NY: Hemisphere, New York.
Google Scholar

Hobfoll S.E. (2006), Stres, kultura i społeczność. Psychologia i filozofia stresu, Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, Gdańsk.
Google Scholar

Kobori O., Tanno Y. (2005), Self-oriented Perfectionism and its Relationship to Positive and Negative Affect: The Mediation of Positive and Negative Perfectionism Cognitions, „Cognitive Therapy and Research”, 29, 559–571.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-2835-4

Krok D. (2009), Religijność a jakość życia w perspektywie mediatorów psychospołecznych, Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, Opole.
Google Scholar

Ryff C.D., Keyes C.L.M. (1995), The Structure of Psychological Well-being Revisited, „Journal of Personality and Social Psychology”, 69, 4, 719–727.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719

Ryff C.D., Singer B.H. (2008), Know Thyself and Become What You Are: An Eudajmonic Approach to Psychological Well-being, „Journal of Happiness Studies”, 9, 13–39.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0

Słodkowska J. (2010), Perfekcjonizm i stres a dobrostan psychiczny studentów, Instytut Psychologii Uniwersytetu Opolskiego (niepublikowana praca magisterska), Opole.
Google Scholar

Stoeber J., Childs J. (2010), The Assessment of Self-oriented and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism: Subscales Make a Difference, „Journal of Personality Assessment”, 92 (6), 577–585.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2010.513306

Zeigler-Hill V., Terry C. (2007), Perfectionism and Explicit Self-esteem: The Moderating Role of Implicit Self-esteem, „Self and Identity”, 6, 2/3, 37–153.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860601118850