The Pragmatic Functions of Repetition in TV Discourse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/v10015-012-0004-xKeywords:
TV discourse, media, self-repetition, repair, repetition functions, communication strategiesAbstract
Since repetition is a natural phenomenon used to perform various functions in interactional discourse, adopting a pragmatic analysis to the discourse of Dr. Phil and his guests on Dr. Phil's TV show, this study attempted to explore the pragmatic functions of such repetitions as used by English native speakers. The data were gathered from conversations between native speakers of English, and based on 7 full episodes of Dr. Phil's TV Show. The researchers watched, and studied these episodes on YouTube. The study revealed that one of the salient features of TV discourse is repetition, which is employed to perform a variety of language functions. Repetition was used to express emphasis, clarity, emotions, highlight the obvious, be questionable, express annoyance, persuasion, express surprise, give instructions, and as a filler in order to take time, when the speaker was searching for a proper word to say what would come next. The study concluded that these findings had significant implications for EFL/ESL teachers and the interlanguage development of EFL/ESL learners.
References
Aznárez-Mauleo´n, M. 2013. An approach to the host’s discursive style in Spanish ‘‘testimony’’ talk shows. Journal of Pragmatics, 45: 50-73.
Google Scholar
Bada, E. 2010. Repetitions as vocalized fillers and self-repairs in English and French interlanguages. Journal of Pragmatics, 42: 1680-1688.
Google Scholar
Bazzanella, C. 2011. Redundancy, repetition, and intensity in discourse. Language Sciences, 33: 243-254.
Google Scholar
Bilal, H., Ahsan, H., Mujeeb, H. Gohar, S., Younis, Y, Awan, S. 2012. Critical discourse analysis of Political TV Talk Shows of Pakistani Media. Journal of International Linguistics, 4 (1): 203-219.
Google Scholar
Brody, J. 1986. Repetition as a rhetorical and conversational device in Tojolabal (Mayan). International Journal of American Linguistics, 52 (3): 255-274.
Google Scholar
Bublitz,W. 1989. Repetition in spoken discourse. Anglistentag 352-368.
Google Scholar
Cho, Eun Hye 2008. An Examination of the Use of Repair Strategies of Elementary English as a Second Language (ESL) Students: By Class Type and Grade Levels. PhD Dissertation. Texas A & M University.
Google Scholar
Dornyei, Z. 1995. On the Teachability of Communication Strategies. TESOL QUARTERLY, 29: 55-85.
Google Scholar
Dornyei, Z. and Thurrell, S. 1991. Strategic competence and how to teach it. ELT Journal, 45 (1): 16-23.
Google Scholar
Dornyei, Zoltan, Scott, Mary L. 1997. Communication strategies in second language: definitions and taxonomies. Language Learning, 47: 173-210.
Google Scholar
Dornyei, Z. and Thurrell, S. 1994. Teaching conversational skills intensively: Course content and rationale. ELT Journal, 48: 40-49.
Google Scholar
Erickson, F. 1984. Rhetoric, anecdote, and rhapsody: Coherence strategies in a conversation among Black American adolescents. In Tannen D. (ed.) Coherence in Spoken and Written Discourse (pp. 91-102). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Google Scholar
Færch, C., Kasper, G. 1983. Plans and strategies in foreign language communication. In Færch, C., Kasper, G. (eds.), Strategies in Interlanguage Communication (pp. 20-44). Longman, London.
Google Scholar
Fillmore, C. J. 1979. On fluency. In Fillmore, C. J., Kempler, D. & Wang W. S. Y. (Eds.), Individual differences in language ability and language behavior (pp. 85-102). New York: Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Fung, L. 2007. The communicative role of self-repetition in a specialised corpus of business discourse. Language Awareness, 7 (3): 224-239.
Google Scholar
Genç, B. 2007. An Analysis of Communication Strategies Employed By Turkish-Speakers of English. PhD Dissertation. Adana: University of Çukurova.
Google Scholar
Green, G.M. 2008. Pragmatics and Natural Language Understanding, 2nd ed. NY: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Hess-Luttich, E., 2001. Textsorten gesprochener Sprache. In: Helbig, G., Lutz, H., Gert, Krumm H.-J. (Eds.), Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Ein internationales Handbuch [German as a Foreign Language] De Gruyter, Berlin, New York, pp. 280–300.
Google Scholar
Hess-Luttich, E. 2007. (Pseudo-) Argumentation in TV-debates. Journal of Pragmatics, 39: 1360–1370.
Google Scholar
Holmes, J. and Stubbe, M. 2003. Power and Politeness in the Workplace. Harlow: Pearson Education.
Google Scholar
Hsieh, F. 2011. Repetition in social interaction: A case study on Mandarin conversations. International Journal on Asian Language Processing, 19 (4):153-168.
Google Scholar
Kernan, K.T. 1977. Semantic and expressive elaboration in children’s narratives. In Ervin-Tripp, S. and Mitchell–Kernan, C. (eds.), Child Discourse (pp. 91–102). New York: Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Kim, H. 2002. The form and function of next-turn repetition in English conversation. Language Research, 38: 51-81.
Google Scholar
Kocoglu, Z. 1997. The role of gender on communication strategy use. ERIC. Retrieved on March 23, 2010 from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED409725.pdf
Google Scholar
Koshik, I., Seo, M. 2008. Language learners’ solutions to word (and other) searches. 2008 Conference of the National Communication Association. San Diego, CA.
Google Scholar
Laakso, M. (2010). Cut-off or particle-devices for initiating self-repair in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics, 42: 1151-1171.
Google Scholar
Lee, Jee Won 2010. Repetition of Personal Pronominal Forms in Mandarin and Construction of Stance in Interaction. PhD Dissertation. Los Angeles: University of California.
Google Scholar
McCarthy, M. 1998. Spoken Language and Abpplied Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar
McCarthy, M. and Carter, R. 1995. Spoken grammar: What is it and how can we teach it? ELT Journal, 49: 207-218.
Google Scholar
Murata, K. 1995. Repetitions: A cross-cultural study. World English, 14: 343-356.
Google Scholar
Norrick, Neal, R. 1987. Functions of repetition in conversation. TEXT, 7 (3): 245-264.
Google Scholar
Ochs, E., & Schieffelin, B. 1983. Acquiring Conversational Competence. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Google Scholar
Rabab’ah, G. 2001. An Investigation into the Strategic Competence of Arab Learners of English at Jordanian Universities. PhD Dissertation, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne/U.K.
Google Scholar
Rabab’ah, G. and Bulut, D. 2007. Compensatory Strategies in Arabic as a Second Language. Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 83-106. Rees, M.A (2007). Discourse analysis and argumentation theory: The case of television talk. Journal of Pragmatics, 39: 1454–1463.
Google Scholar
Rieger, C. L. 2003. Repetition as self-repair strategies in English and German conversations. Journal of Pragmatics, 35 (1): 47-69.
Google Scholar
Rieger, C.L. 2000. Self-repair Strategies of English–German Bilinguals in Informal Conversations: The Role of Language, Gender and Proficiency. PhD Dissertation. University of Alberta
Google Scholar
Sawir, E. 2004. Keeping up with native speakers: The many and positive roles of repetition in the conversations of EFL learners. Asian EFL Journal, 6: 1-32.
Google Scholar
Schegloff, E.A., Jefferson, G., Sachs, H. 1977. The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation. Language, 53: 361-382.
Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. 1987. Recycled turn beginnings: A precise mechanism in conversation’s turn-taking organization. In Button, G. & Lee, J. (eds.), Talk and Social Organisation, (pp. 70–100). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
Google Scholar
Shimanoff, S. and Brunak, J. 1977. Repairs in planned and unplanned discourse. In Keenan, E. and Benett, T. (eds), Discourse across Time and Space (pp. 123-167). Los Angeles: University of Southern California.
Google Scholar
Shriberg, E.E. 1994. Preliminaries to a Theory of Speech Disfluencies. PhD Dissertation. Berkeley: University of California.
Google Scholar
Stuart, S. & Lynn, P. 1995. Development of communication strategies among foreign language learners. Mountain Interstate Foreign Language Review, 5: 122-127.
Google Scholar
Tannen, D. 1987. Repetition in conversation as spontaneous formulaicity. TEXT, 7: 215-243.
Google Scholar
Tannen, D. 1989. Talking Voices: Repetition, Dialogue, and Imagery in Conversational Discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar
Tarone, E. 1977. Conscious communication strategies in interlanguage. In Brown, H., Yorio, C., Crymes, R. (eds.), On TESOL’77. TESOL (pp. 194–203). Washington.
Google Scholar
Tarone, E. 1980. Communication strategies, foreigner talk and repair in interlanguage. Language Learning, 30 (2): 417-431.
Google Scholar
Thornborrow, J. 2007. Narrative, opinion and situated argument in talk show discourse. Journal of Pragmatics, 39: 1436–1453.
Google Scholar
Tyler, A. 1994. The role of repetition in perceptions of discourse coherence. Journal of Pragmatics, 21: 671-688.
Google Scholar
Walsh, S. 2006. Investigating Classroom Discourse. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Wong, J. 2000. Repetition in conversation: A look at ‘first and second sayings’. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 33: 407-424.
Google Scholar
Yule, G. 1996. Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.