Liquid Fear: Bauman’s Metaphorical Insights in Relation to Covid-19 Fear Metaphors

Authors

  • Izabela Dixon Politechnika Koszalińska, Wydział Humanistyczny image/svg+xml

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.21.1.01

Keywords:

Bauman’s Liquid Fear, Covid-19 pandemic, anxiety/fear, conceptual domains/frames, fear metaphors, media discourse

Abstract

In this study I attempt to demonstrate how Zygmunt Bauman’s insights published in his book entitled Liquid Fear (2006) benefit the cognitive study of the emotion of fear by drawing correspondences between Bauman’s liquid reality and the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on my, largely unpublished, linguistic study of fear and on metaphors pervading Bauman’s work, I extrapolated key components of the fear frame. Having also conducted the study of concepts that dominated the Covid-19 media narratives, I relate and analyse the validity and transferability of conceptual domains within selected contextual models of social and verbal behaviours related to fear. Bauman’s metaphorical observations are woven into the analytical patchwork of this paper.

References

Bartmiński, Jerzy and Joerg Zinken (eds.). 2009. Aspects of Cognitive Ethnolinguistics. Equinox Publishing Ltd.
Google Scholar

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2006 (2000). Liquid Modernity. Polity Press.
Google Scholar

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2006. Liquid Fear. Polity Press.
Google Scholar

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2011. Culture in a Liquid Modern World. Polity Press.
Google Scholar

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2014. Community. Seeking Safety in an Insecure world. Polity Polity.
Google Scholar

Bauman, Zygmunt and Thomas Leoncini. 2018. Płynne Pokolenie (translated from Italian by Szymon Żuchowski, orig. title Nati liquidi). Czarna Owca.
Google Scholar

Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. SAGE Publication Ltd.
Google Scholar

Busso, Lucia and Ottavia Tordini. 2021 (1 Jan 2021 Accepted/In press). How do media talk about the Covid-19 pandemic? Metaphorical thematic clustering in Italian online newspapers. In W. Xu, & Z. Kovecses (eds.), Metaphor and Metonymy of Mankind's fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic (Cognitive Linguistics Studies). John Benjamins.
Google Scholar

Castells, Manuel. 2013. Communication Power. Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar

Dixon, Izabela. 2011. Fear – aspects of the language of control and manipulation. In M. Bogusławska-Tafelska and S. Puppel (eds.), New Pathways in Linguistics, 41-66. Katedra Filologii Angielskiej Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego.
Google Scholar

Dixon, Izabela. 2013a. FEAR IS EVIL and other fear metaphors. In O. Prokopczuk and K. Bobowski (eds.), Wschód-Zachód. Sprachliche Einheiten in System und Text. Language Units in System and Text, 47-55. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Akademii Pomorskiej w Słupsku.
Google Scholar

Dixon, Izabela. 2013b. Punishment or state sponsored execution? Moral principles of the war on terror as seen through the language of on-line Press. In B. Mahajan and R. Bagga (eds.), Reframing Punishment: Reflections of Culture, Literature and Morals (eBook), 81-93. Inter-Disciplinary Press.
Google Scholar

Dixon, Izabela. 2015a. A Linguistic Study of Fear in English. Unpublished PhD. Submitted and defended at Gdańsk University with a distinction.
Google Scholar

Dixon, Izabela. 2015b. US and THEM schema: The language of division. In M. Bogusławska-Tafelska and A. Drogosz (eds.), Towards the Ecology of Human Communication, 3-18. Cambridge Scholars.
Google Scholar

Eco, Umberto. 2007. Turning Back the Clock. Hot Wars on Media Populism. A Harvest Book Harcourt, Inc.
Google Scholar

Furedi, Frank. 2006. Culture of Fear Revisited. Risk-taking and the Morality of Low Expectation (Fourth edition). Continuum.
Google Scholar

Furedi, Frank. 2007. Invitation to Terror. The Expanding Empire of the Unknown. Continuum.
Google Scholar

Irzam, Sarif S.; Risagarniwa, Yuyu Yohana and Nani Sunarni. 2021. Conceptual metaphor about corona virus: Cognitive semantic analysis. Eralingua: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra, 5(1), 53-63.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/eralingua.v5i1.13951

Jacobsen, Michael Hviid and Poul Poder (eds.). 2008. The Sociology of Zygmunt Bauman Challenges and Critique. Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Google Scholar

Jeffries, Stuart. 2005. Modern lover. The Guardian (on-line), November 12th, 2005. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/nov/12/shopping.society (accessed on 2.09.2022).
Google Scholar

Jensen, Sass 2012. Zygmunt Bauman: Culture in a liquid modern world. Cambridge: Polity, 2011 (Book review). Theory and Society, 41, 635-640.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-012-9182-8

Johnson, Mark. 1987. The body in the mind. The bodily basis of meaning, imagination, and reason. The University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226177847.001.0001

Kalisz, Roman. 2001. Językoznawstwo Kognitywne w Świetle Językoznawstwa Funkcjonalnego. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego.
Google Scholar

Korstanje, Maxi. 2008. LIQUID FEARS: contemporary society and its liquid fears (Review). Antrocom, 4(2), 169-170.
Google Scholar

Kövecses, Zoltán. 1990. Emotion Concepts. Springer-Verlag.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3312-1

Kövecses, Zoltán. 2002. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195145113.001.0001

Kövecses, Zoltán. 2006. Language, Mind, and Culture: A Practical Introduction. Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar

Kövecses, Zoltán. 2007 (2000). Metaphor and Emotion. Language, Culture, and Body in Human Feeling. Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 1982. Categories: an Essay in Cognitive Linguistics. Cognitive Science Program. Institute of Cognitive Studies, University of California at Berkeley.
Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 1990 (1987). Women, Fire and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal About the Mind. Chicago University Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226471013.001.0001

Lakoff, George. 1993. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In A. Ortony (ed.). Metaphor and Thought, 202-251. Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173865.013

Lakoff, George. 2002 (1999). Moral Politics: How Liberals and Conservatives Think. The University of Chicago Press, Ltd.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226471006.001.0001

Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson. 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh. The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Though. Basic Books.
Google Scholar

Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors we live by. The University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar

Langacker, Ronald, W. 2008. Cognitive Grammar: A Basic Introduction. Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195331967.001.0001

Muhammad, Adam. 2020. AN ENEMY TO FIGHT or SOMEONE TO LIVE WITH. How Covid-19 is metaphorically described in Indonesian Media Discourse. ELLit: 2nd Online National Seminar on English Linguistics and Literature, 16th July 2020, 60-71.
Google Scholar

Sasaki, Natsu; Kuroda, Reiko; Tsuno, Kanami and Norito Kawakami. 2020. Exposure to media and fear and worry about COVID-19. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (PCN), 74, 496-512.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13095

Sharifian, Farzad. 2011. Cultural Conceptualisations and Language: Theoretical framework and applications. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.1

Sharifian, Farzad. 2017. Cultural Linguistics: Cultural conceptualisations and language. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.8

Szulich-Kałuża, Justyna. 2021. Metafory wizualne pandemii Covid-19 w memach internetowych. Roczniki Kulturoznawcze, XII(3), 35-56. http://doi.org/10.18290/rkult21123-2
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rkult21123-2

Wicke Philipp and Marrianna M. Bolognesi. 2020. Framing COVID-19: How we conceptualize and discuss the pandemic on Twitter. PLoS ONE, 15(9): e0240010. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240010
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240010

Wright, Jon. 2002. Idioms Organiser. Organised by metaphor, topic and key word. Thomson Heinle.
Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2023-12-21

How to Cite

Dixon, I. (2023). Liquid Fear: Bauman’s Metaphorical Insights in Relation to Covid-19 Fear Metaphors. Research in Language, 21(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.21.1.01

Issue

Section

Articles