Nastoletnie macierzyństwo ‒ zagrożenie wykluczeniem społecznym czy szansa na integrację społeczną? Kontrowersje teoretyczne i podejścia praktyczne

Paulina Bunio-Mroczek

doi:10.18778/0208-600X.49.07

Authors

Paulina Bunio-Mroczek Uniwersytet Łódzki, Wydział Ekonomiczno- Socjologiczny, Instytut Socjologii, Katedra Socjologii Stosowanej i Pracy Socjalnej

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-600X.49.07

Keywords:

social exclusion, social integration, teenage motherhood

Abstract

Taking into account the numbers and the share of teenage births, teenage motherhood is today a marginal problem in developed countries, Poland among them, as it concerns relatively small groups of members of modern societies. Academic interest in teenage parenthood is motivated by the fact that teenage births are not equally distributed among populations. Teenage motherhood is most of all experienced by women from marginalized environments and communities. Therefore, studies among women who became mothers early provide knowledge on processes of social exclusion, poverty, social inequalities, social welfare systems and social policy initiatives as well as actions taken by women themselves in order to strengthen their social integration.

The aim of the article is to describe ambiguous relations between early motherhood and social exclusion and social integration in reference to the British and American literature on the subject. Results of research projects on teenage parenthood carried in the United Kingdom and the United States, where teenage motherhood is relatively frequent, present risks as well as opportunities related to early parenting. In the article, two approaches in social research on teenage parenthood will be presented: one perceiving early motherhood as a social problem, social threat and a factor strengthening the process of intergenerational inheritance of poverty and social exclusion; the other – critically responding to the negative connotations of teenage motherhood. Theoretical implications for the concepts of social exclusion and social integration as well as social policy recommendations drawn from studies on teenage motherhood will be revealed.

References

Arai L. (2009a), Teenage pregnancy. The making and unmaking of a problem, The Policy Press, Bristol‒Portland.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.56687/9781847427786

Arai L. (2009b), What a Difference a Decade Makes: Rethinking Teenage Pregnancy as a Problem, „Social Policy and Society”, Vol. 8, s. 171‒183.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746408004703

Berthoud R., Robson K. (2001), The Outcomes of Teenage Motherhood in Europe, „Innocenti Working Paper”, No. 86, UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florencja.
Google Scholar

Cunnington A. J. (2001), What’s so bad about teenage pregnancy?, „Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care”, Vol. 27, No. 1, s. 36‒41.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1783/147118901101194877

Downs A. (1972), Up and down with ecology. The “issue-attention Cycle”, http://www.anthony downs.com/upanddown.htm, 16.04.2009.
Google Scholar

Duncan S. (2007), What’s the problem with teenage parents? And what’s the problem with policy?, „Critical Social Policy”, Vol. 27, No. 3, s. 307‒334.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261018307078845

Ermisch J. (2003), Does a ‘teen-birth’ have longer-term impacts on the mother? Suggestive evidence from the British Household Panel Study, „Working Papers. Institute for Social and Economic Research”, No. 32, University of Essex, Colchester.
Google Scholar

Fraser A. M., Brockert J. E., Ward R. H. (1995), Association of young maternal age with adverse reproductive outcomes, „New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 332, No. 17, s. 1113‒1117.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199504273321701

Frieske K. W. (2008), Społeczna marginalność jako koszt systemowy, [w:] J. Maria (red.), Wykluczeni. Wymiar społeczny, materialny i etniczny, ISP PAN, Warszawa, s. 19‒41.
Google Scholar

Graham H., McDermott E. (2006), Qualitative Research and the Evidence Base of Policy: Insights from Studies of Teenage Mothers in the UK, „Journal of Social Policy”, Vol. 35, s. 21‒37.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279405009360

Hoffman Saul D., Foster E., Furstenberg M., Jr., Frank F. (1993), Reevaluating the costs of teenage childbearing, „Demography”, Vol. 30, No. 1, s. 1‒13.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061843

Holgate H., Evans R. (2006), Sexuality and young motherhood: discourses and definitions, [w:] H. S. Holgate, R. Evans, K. Francis, O. Yuen (eds.), Teenage Pregnancy and Parenthood. Global Perspectives, Issues and Interventions, Routledge, New York, s. 7‒24.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203597040

Imamura M, Tucker J., Hannaford P., Astin M., Oliveira da Silva M., Bloemenkap K. W. M., Karro H., Olsen J., Temmerman M. (2006), REPROSTAT 2: A systematic review of factors associated with teenage pregnancy in the European Union. Final report, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen.
Google Scholar

A league table of teenage births in rich nations (2001), „UNICEF Innocenti Report Card”, No. 3, (UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florencja).
Google Scholar

Levitas R. (2008), The concept of social exclusion and the new durkheimian hegemony, [w:] D. Byrne (ed.), Social exclusion ‒ the history and use of a concept, Routledge, London‒ New York, s. 314‒332.
Google Scholar

Macintyre S., Cunningham-Burley S. (1993), Teenage pregnancy as a social problem: A perspective from the United Kingdom, [w:] A. Lawson, D. L. Rhode (eds.), The politics of pregnancy: Adolescent sexuality and public policy, Yale University Press, New Haven – London, s. 59–73.
Google Scholar

Music J. S. (1993), Young, Poor and Pregnant. The Psychology of Teenage Motherhood, Yale University, Yale.
Google Scholar

Ribar David C. (1999), The socioeconomic consequences of young women’s childbearing: reconciling disparate evidence, „Journal of Population Economics”, Vol. 12, s. 547–565.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001480050113

Rymsza M. (2004), Praca socjalna i pracownicy socjalni w modelu aktywnej polityki społecznej, [w:] K. Wódz, K. Piątek (red.), Socjologia i polityka społeczna a aktualne problemy pracy socjalnej: dylematy teorii i praktyki społecznej, Akapit, Toruń, s. 119‒131.
Google Scholar

Shields N., Pierce L. (2006), Controversial issues surrounding teen pregnancy: A feminist perspective, [w:] H. S. Holgate, R. Evans, K. Francis, O. Yuen (eds.), Teenage Pregnancy and Parenthood. Global Perspectives, Issues and Interventions, Routledge, New York, s. 129‒148.
Google Scholar

Strobino D. M. (1992), Young motherhood and infant hospitalisation during the first year of birth, „Journal of Adolescent Health”, Vol. 13, No. 7, s. 553‒560.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1054-139X(92)90368-L

Szukalski P. (2010), Nastoletnie macierzyństwo w Polsce – ujęcie regionalne, „Praca Socjalna”, lipiec‒sierpień, numer specjalny, s. 135‒157.
Google Scholar

Teenage Pregnancy (1999), Social Exclusion Unit, http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20 091212133529/http:/www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/_download/?id=3228, 12.10.2013.
Google Scholar

Wellings K., Wadsworth J., Johnson A., Field J., Macdowall W. (1999), Teenage fertility and life chances, „Reviews of Reproduction”, No. 4, s. 184‒190.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1530/ror.0.0040184

Wykluczenie i integracja społeczna w Polsce. Ujęcie wskaźnikowe (2006), UNDP, MPiPS, Warszawa.
Google Scholar